COTTON, WILLIAM R.:  Professor, Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.  U.S. citizen.                       

Dr. Cotton's educational qualifications include a B.S. in Mathematics and an M.S. in Atmospheric Science, both from the State University of New York, Albany, in 1964 and 1966 respectively; and a Ph.D. in Meteorology from Pennsylvania State University in 1970.                                         

Professional research experience includes work as a Graduate Research Assistant working on research in cloud physics, design and operation of a vertical wind tunnel at the State University of New York at Albany from 1964 to 1966.  He has also worked as a summer Research Assistant working on preliminary numerical model design at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado during summer months of 1966 and 1968.  He worked as a Research Assistant at Pennsylvania State University doing field research in cloud physics (flight observer, experiment design and instrument design), and numerical experiments in cloud physics from 1966-1970.  From August 1970 to December 1974 he served as a Meteorologist in the Experimental Meteorology Laboratory, ERL, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Department of Commerce, and has also served as head of the Numerical Simulation Group.

In December 1974, he assumed the position of an Assistant Professor at Colorado State University in the Department of Atmospheric Science. In June 1976, he was promoted to the position of Associate Professor. He was given tenure in July 1980, and promoted to Professor in June, 1981.  In 1986 Dr. Cotton received the Engineering Dean's Council award for excellence in atmospheric research. In 1991 Dr. Cotton received the College of Engineering Abell Faculty Research Graduate Program support Award. In 1993 he received the CSU Research Foundation Researcher of the Year Award.  He also served on the National Research Council Panel which prepared the report Rethinking the Ozone Program in Urban and Regional Air Pollution.  In 1999 Dr. Cotton was the recipient of the Penn State University College of Earth and Mineral Sciences Charles L. Hosler Alumni Scholar Award. In 2003 Dr. Cotton received the Colorado State University Jack Cermak Distinguished Advisor Award. Dr. Cotton served as an editor for the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences from 1993-1995, and served as a co-chief editor from 1996-2000.  He is currently working on cloud and mesoscale modeling and observation. Dr. Cotton is currently (2005) Co-Chairman of the WMO IAPSAG committee writing a report on Aerosol Influences on Precipitation.

Dr. Cotton is a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society and the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) at Colorado State University.  He is a member of: Kappa Phi Kappa (Education), Sigma Pi Sigma (Physics), Chi Epsilon Pi (Meteorology) and Sigma Xi (Research).

He has published over 159 papers in peer-reviewed journals, eight chapters in books, authored one book, and co-authored two books.  He has supervised 36 Ph D. and 38 M.S. students.

REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS - WILLIAM R. COTTON
Cotton, W.R., and N.R. Gokhale, 1967: Collision, coalescence, and breakup of large water drops in a vertical wind tunnel. J. Geophys. Res., 72, 4041-4049.
Cotton, W.R., 1971: Comments on ``On steady-state one-dimensional models of cumulus convection." J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 647-648.
Cotton, W.R., 1972: Numerical simulation of precipitation development in supercooled cumuli, Part I. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 757-763.
Cotton, W.R., 1972: Numerical simulation of precipitation development in supercooled cumuli, Part II. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 764-784.
Cotton, W.R., 1975: On parameterization of turbulent transport in cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 548-564.
Cotton, W.R., 1975: Theoretical cumulus dynamics. Reviews of Geophys. and Space Physics, 13, 419-448.
Cotton, W.R., and A. Boulanger, 1975: On the variability of ``dynamic seedability" as a function of time and location over South Florida: Part I, Spatial variability. J. Appl. Meteor., 14, 710-718.
Cotton, W.R., and A. Boulanger, 1975: On the variability of ``dynamic seedability" as a function of time and location over South Florida: Part II, Temporal variability. J. Appl. Meteor., 14, 1376-1382.
Cotton, W.R., J.E. Jiusto, and R.C. Srivastava, 1975: Cloud physics and radar meteorology. Reviews of Geophys. and Space Phys., 13, 753-849.
Cotton, W.R., and R.A. Pielke, 1976: Weather modification and three-dimensional mesoscale models. Bull. of Amer. Meteor. Soc., 57, 788-796.
Cotton, W.R., R.A. Pielke, and P.T. Gannon, 1976: Numerical experiments on the influence of the mesoscale circulation on the cumulus scale. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 252-261.
Wisniewski, J., W.R. Cotton, R.I. Sax, 1976: Silver content of precipitation from seeded and nonseeded Florida cumuli. J. Appl. Meteor., 15, 1004-1011.
Manton, M.J., and W.R. Cotton, 1977: Parameterization of the atmospheric surface layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 331-334.
Pielke, R.A., and W.R. Cotton, 1977: A mesoscale analysis over South Florida for a high rainfall event. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 343-362.
Cotton, W.R., and G.J. Tripoli, 1978: Cumulus convection in shear flow -- Three-dimensional numerical experiments. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1503-1521.
Cotton, W.R., 1979: Cloud Physics: A review for 1975-1978 IUGG Quadrennial Report. Reviews of Geophys. and Space Phys., 17, 1840-1851.
Cotton, W.R., and G.J. Tripoli, 1979: Reply. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 1610-1611.
Grant, L.O., and W.R. Cotton, 1979: Weather Modification: A review for 1975-1978 IUGG Qudrennial Report. Reviews of Geophys. and Space Phys., 17, 1972-1980.
Tripoli, G.J., and W.R. Cotton, 1980: A numerical investigation of several factors contributing to the observed variable intensity of deep convection over South Florida. J. Appl. Meteor., 19, 1037-1063.
Banta, R., and W.R. Cotton, 1980: On computing average cloud-water quantities in a partially-cloudy region. J. Rech. Atmos., 14, 487-494.
Banta, R., and W.R. Cotton, 1981: An analysis of the structure of local wind systems in a broad mountain basin. J. Appl. Meteor., 20, 1255-1266.
Tripoli, G.J., and W.R. Cotton, 1981: The use of ice-liquid water potential temperature as a thermodynamic variable in deep atmospheric models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1094-1102.
Cotton, William R., 1982: Modification of precipitation from warm clouds -- A review. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc., 63, 146-160.
Cotton, W.R., R.L. George, and K.R. Knupp, 1982: An intense, quasi-steady thunderstorm over mountainous terrain -- Part I: Evolution of the mesoscale circulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 328-342.
Knupp, Kevin R., and William R. Cotton, 1982: An intense, quasi-steady thunderstorm over mountainous terrain -- Part II: Doppler radar observations of the storm morphological structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 343-358.
Knupp, Kevin R., and William R. Cotton, 1982: An intense, quasi-steady thunderstorm over mountainous terrain -- Part III: Doppler radar observations of the turbulence structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 359-368.
Tripoli, G.J., and W.R. Cotton, 1982: The Colorado State University three-dimensional cloud/mesoscale model -- 1982. Part I: General theoretical framework and sensitivity experiments. J. de Rech. Atmos., 16, 185-220.
Cotton, W.R., M.A. Stephens, T. Nehrkorn and G.J. Tripoli, 1982: The Colorado State University three-dimensional cloud/mesoscale model -- 1982. Part II: An ice phase parameterization. J. de Rech. Atmos., 16, 295-320.
Borys, R.D., K. Tan, and W. Cotton, 1983: Ultralight sounder: An airborne system for studying the planetary boundary layer. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 64, 338-345.
Chen, C. and W.R. Cotton, 1983: A one-dimensional simulation of the stratocumulus-capped mixed layer. Boundary-layer Meteorol., 25, 289-321.
Chen, C. and W.R. Cotton, 1983: Numerical experiments with a one-dimensional higher order turbulence model: Simulation of the Wangara Day 33 Case. Boundary-layer Meteorol., 25, 375-404.
Cotton, William R., Raymond L. George, Peter J. Wetzel, and Ray L. McAnelly, 1983: A long-lived mesoscale convective complex. Part I - The mountain generated component. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1893-1918.
Wetzel, P.J., W.R. Cotton and R.L. McAnelly, 1983: A long-lived mesoscale convective complex. Part II: Evolution and structure of the mature complex Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1919-1937.
Levy, G. and W.R. Cotton, 1984: A numerical investigation of mechanisms linking glaciation of the ice-phase to the boundary layer. J. Clim. Appl. Meteor., 23, 1505-1519.
Knupp, K.R. and W.R. Cotton, 1985: Convective cloud downdrafts - An interpretive survey. Rev. Space Phys. Geophys., 23, 183-215.
Cotton, W.R., 1985: Atmospheric convection and nuclear winter. American Scientist, 73, 275-280.
Tripoli, G.J. and W.R. Cotton, 1986: An intense, quasi-steady thunderstorm over mountainous terrain Part IV: Three-dimensional numerical simulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 894-913.
Cotton, W.R., G.J. Tripoli, R.M. Rauber, and E.A. Mulvihill, 1986: Numerical simulation of the effects of varying ice crystal nucleation rates and aggregation processes on orographic snowfall. J. Clim. Appl. Meteor., 25, 1658-1680.
McAnelly, R.L., and W.R. Cotton, 1986: Meso-.-scale characteristics of an episode of meso-.-scale convective complexes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1740-1770.
Tremback, C.J., J. Powell, W.R. Cotton, and R.A. Pielke, 1987: The forward-in-time upstream advection scheme: Extension to higher orders. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 540-555.
Knupp, K.R. and W.R. Cotton, 1987: Internal structure of a small mesoscale convective system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 629-645.
Chen, C. and W.R. Cotton, 1987: The physics of the marine stratocumulus-capped mixed layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2951-2977.
Nicholls, M.E., R.H. Johnson, and W.R. Cotton, 1988: The sensitivity of two-dimensional simulations of tropical squall lines to environmental profiles. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3625-3649.
Hadfield, M.G., W.R. Cotton, and R.A. Pielke, 1988: Comments on ``An analysis of closures for pressure-scalar covariances in the convective boundary layer." J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1970-1972.
Chen, S., and W.R. Cotton, 1988: The sensitivity of a simulated extratropical mesoscale convective system to longwave radiation and ice-phase microphysics. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3897-3910.
Flatau, P.J., R.A. Pielke, and W.R. Cotton, 1988: Application of symbolic algebra to the generation of coordinate transformations. Environmental Software, 3, 158-160.
Tripoli, G., and W.R. Cotton, 1989a: A numerical study of an observed orogenic mesoscale convective system. Part 1. Simulated genesis and comparison with observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 273-304.
Tripoli, G., and W.R. Cotton, 1989b: A numerical study of an observed orogenic mesoscale convective system. Part 2. Analysis of governing dynamics. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 305-328.
Schmidt, J.M., and W.R. Cotton, 1989: A High Plains squall line associated with severe surface winds. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 281-302.
Cotton, W.R., Lin, M.-S., R.L. McAnelly, and C.J. Tremback, 1989: A composite model of mesoscale convective complexes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 765-783.
McAnelly, R.L., and W.R. Cotton, 1989: The precipitation life cycle of mesoscale convective complexes over the central United States. Mon. Wea. Rev.. 117, 784-808.
Weissbluth, M.J. and W.R. Cotton, 1989: Radiative and nonlinear influences on orographic gravity wave drag. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 2518-2534.
B.-F. Fan, Yeh, J.-D., W.R. Cotton and G.J. Tripoli, 1990: Numerical simulation of microphysics in meso-.-scale convective cloud system associated with a mesoscale convective complex. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 7, 154-170.
Verlinde, J. and W.R. Cotton, 1990: Mesoscale vortex-couplet observed in the trailing anvil of a multi-cellular convective complex. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 993-1010.
Schmidt, J.M. and W.R. Cotton, 1990: Interactions between upper and lower tropospheric gravity waves on squall line structure and maintenance. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1205-1222.
Ryan, B.F., G.J. Tripoli, and W.R. Cotton, 1990: Convection in high based stratiform cloud bands: Some numerical experiments. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 116, 943-964.
Verlinde, J., P.J. Flatau, and W.R. Cotton, 1990: Analytical solutions to the collection growth equation: Comparison with approximate methods and application to cloud microphysics parameterization schemes. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2871-2880.
Nicholls, M.E., R.A. Pielke, and W.R. Cotton, 1991: A two-dimensional numerical investigation of the interaction between sea-breezes and deep convection over the Florida Peninsula. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 298-323.
Peterson, T.C., L.O. Grant, W.R. Cotton, and D.C. Rogers, 1991: The effect of decoupled low-level flow on winter orographic clouds and precipitation in the Yampa River Valley. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 368-386.
Nicholls, M.E., R.A. Pielke, and W.R. Cotton, 1991: Thermally forced gravity waves in an atmosphere at rest. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1869-1884.
Hadfield, M.G., W.R. Cotton, and R.A. Pielke, 1991: Large-eddy simulations of thermally forced circulations in the convective boundary layer. Part I: A small-scale, circulation with zero wind. Boundary-layer Meteorol., 57, 79-114.
Ye, Jiadong, Beifen Fan, W.R. Cotton, and M.A. Fortune, 1991: Observational study of microphysics in the stratiform region and transition region of a midlatitude mesoscale convective complex. Acta Meteor. Sinica, 5, 527-540.
Hadfield, M.G., W.R. Cotton, and R.A. Pielke, 1992: Large-eddy simulations of thermally forced circulations in the convective boundary layer. Part II: The effect of changes in wavelength and wind speed. Boundary-layer Meteorol., 58, 307-327.
Meyers, M.P., and W.R. Cotton, 1992: Evaluation of the potential for wintertime quantitative precipitation forecasting over mountainous terrain with an explicit cloud model. Part I: Two-dimensional sensitivity experiments. J. Appl. Meteor., 31, 26-50.
Walko, R.L., W.R. Cotton, and R.A. Pielke, 1992: Large eddy simulations of the effects of hilly terrain on the convective boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteorol., 53, 133-150.
Meyers, M.P., P.J. DeMott, and W.R. Cotton, 1992: New primary ice nucleation parameterizations in an explicit cloud model. J. Appl. Met., 31, 708-721.
Cram, J.M., R.A. Pielke, and W.R. Cotton, 1992a: Numerical simulation and analysis of a prefrontal squall line. Part I: Observations and basic simulation results. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 189-208.
Cram, J.M., R.A. Pielke, and W.R. Cotton, 1992b: Numerical simulation and analysis of a prefrontal squall line. Part II: Propagation of the squall line as an internal gravity wave. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 209-225.
Fortune, M.A., W.R. Cotton, and R.L. McAnelly, 1992: Frontal-wave-like evolution in some mesoscale convective complexes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1279-1300.
McAnelly, R.L., and W.R. Cotton, 1992: Early growth of mesoscale convective complexes: A meso-.-scale cycle of convective precipitation? Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1851-1877.
Flatau, P.J., R.L. Walko, and W.R. Cotton, 1992: Polynomial fits to saturation vapor pressure. J. Appl. Met., 31, 1507-1513.
Pielke, R.A., W.R. Cotton, R.L. Walko, C.J. Tremback, W.A. Lyons, L.D. Grasso, M.E. Nicholls, M.D. Moran, D.A. Wesley, T.J. Lee, and J.H. Copeland, 1992: A comprehensive meteorological modeling system -- RAMS. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 49, 69-91.
Weissbluth, M.J., and W.R. Cotton, 1993: The representation of convection in mesoscale models. Part I: Scheme fabrication and calibration. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3852-3872.
Verlinde, J., and W.R. Cotton, 1993: Fitting microphysical observations of non-steady convective clouds to a numerical model: An application of the adjoint technique of data assimilation to a kinematic model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2776-2793.
Heckman, S.T., and W.R. Cotton, 1993: Mesoscale numerical simulation of cirrus clouds---FIRE case study and sensitivity analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2264-2284.
DeMott, P.J., M.P. Meyers, and W.R. Cotton, 1994: Parameterization and impact of ice initiation processes relevant to numerical model simulations of cirrus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 77-90.
Feingold, G., B. Stevens, W.R. Cotton, and R.L. Walko, 1994: An explicit cloud microphysics/LES model designed to simulate the Twomey effect. J. Atmos. Res., 33, 207-233.
Nachamkin, Jason E., Ray L. McAnelly, and William R. Cotton, 1994: Observational analysis of a developing mesoscale convective complex. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1168-1188.
Cotton, W.R., G. Thompson, and P.W. Mielke, Jr., 1994: Real-time mesoscale prediction on workstations. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 75, 349-362.
Bossert, James E. and William R. Cotton, 1994a: Regional-scale flows in mountainous terrain. Part I: A numerical and observational comparison. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1449-1471.
Bossert, James E. and William R. Cotton, 1994b: Regional-scale flows in mountainous terrain. Part II: Simplified numerical experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1472-1489.
Nicholls, M.E., R.A. Pielke, J.L. Eastman, C.A. Finley, W.A. Lyons, C.J. Tremback, R.L. Walko, and W.R. Cotton, 1995: Applications of the RAMS numerical model to dispersion over urban areas. In: Wind Climate in Cities, J.E. Cermak, Editor. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, 703-732.
Walko, R.L, W.R. Cotton, J.L. Harrington, M.P. Meyers, 1995: New RAMS cloud microphysics parameterization. Part I: The single-moment scheme. Atmos. Res., 38, 29-62.
Meyers, Michael P., Paul J. DeMott and William R. Cotton, 1995: Comparison of seeded and non-seeded orographic cloud simulations with an explicit cloud model. J. Appl. Meteorol., 34, 834-846.
Grasso, Lewis D., and William R. Cotton, 1995: Numerical simulation of a tornado vortex. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1192-1203
Walko, Robert L., Craig J. Tremback, Roger A. Pielke, and William R. Cotton, 1995: An interactive nesting algorithm for stretched grids and variable nesting ratios. J. Appl. Met., 34, 994-999
Cotton, William R., G. David Alexander, Rolf Hertenstein, Robert L. Walko, Ray L. McAnelly, and Melville Nicholls, 1995: Cloud Venting--A review and some new global annual estimates. Earth Science Rev., 39, 169-206.
Alpert, P., H. Shafir, and W.R. Cotton, 1994: Prediction of Meso-gamma scale orographic precipitation. Trends in Hydrology, 1, 403-441.
Harrington, Jerry Y., Michael P. Meyers, Robert L. Walko, and William R. Cotton, 1995: Parameterization of ice crystal conversion processes due to vapor deposition for mesoscale models using double-moment basis functions. Part I: Basic formulation and parcel model results. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 4344-4366.
Mocko, David M., and William R. Cotton, 1995: Evaluation of fractional cloudiness parameterizations for use in a mesoscale model. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2884-2901.
Cotton, William R., John F. Weaver, and Brian A. Beitler, 1995: An unusual summertime downslope wind event in Fort Collins, Colorado on 3 July 1993. J. Weather and Forecasting, 10, 786-797.
Moeng, C.-H., W.R. Cotton, C. Bretherton, A. Chlond, M. Khairoutdinov, S. Krueger, W.S. Lewellen, M.K. MacVean, J.R.M. Pasquier, H.A. Rand, A.P. Siebesma, B. Stevens, and R.I. Sykes, 1996: Simulation of a stratocumulus-topped planetary boundary layer: Intercomparison among different numerical codes. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 77, 261-278.
Stevens, B., R.L. Walko, and W.R. Cotton, 1996: The spurious production of cloud edge supersaturations by Eulerian models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 5, 1034-1041.
Stevens, B., G. Feingold, W.R. Cotton, and R.L. Walko, 1996: Elements of the microphysical structure of numerically simulated stratocumulus. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 980-1006
Feingold, G., B. Stevens, W.R. Cotton, and A.S. Frisch, 1996: The relationship between drop in-cloud residence time and drizzle production in numerically simulated stratocumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1108-1122.
Feingold, G., S.M. Kreidenweis, B. Stevens, and W.R. Cotton, 1996: Numerical simulations of stratocumulus processing of cloud condensation nuclei through collision-coalescence. J. Geophys. Res., 101, D16, 21391-21402.
Yang, S., and W.R. Cotton, 1996: Universal approximation formulas of curvature correction and equilibrium of hygroscopic particles. J. Appl. Met., 35, 2261-2269.
Duda, D.P., G.L. Stephens, B.B. Stevens, and W.R. Cotton, 1996: Effects of aerosol and horizontal inhomogeneity on the broadband albedo of marine stratus: Numerical simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3757-3769.
Olsson, P.Q., and W.R. Cotton, 1997a: Balanced and unbalanced circulations in a primitive equation simulation of a midlatitude MCC. Part I: The numerical simulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 457-478.
Olsson, P.Q., and W.R. Cotton, 1997b: Balanced and unbalanced circulations in a primitive equation simulation of a midlatitude MCC. Part II: Analysis of balance. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 479-497.
McAnelly, R.L., J.E. Nachamkin, W.R. Cotton, and M.E. Nicholls, 1997: Upscale evolution of MCSs: Doppler radar analysis and analytical investigation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1083-1110.
Meyers, M.P., R.L. Walko, J.Y. Harrington, and W.R. Cotton, 1997: New RAMS cloud microphysics prameterization. Part II: The two-moment scheme. Atmos. Res., 45, 3-39.
Smith, R., J. Paegle, T. Clark, W. Cotton, D. Durran, G. Forbes, J. Marwitz, C. Mass, J. McGinley, H.-L. Pan, and M. Ralph, 1997: Local and remote effects of mountains on weather: Research needs and opportunities. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 78, 877-892.
Feingold, G., R. Boers, B. Stevens, and W.R. Cotton, 1997: A modeling study of the effect of drizzle on cloud optical depth and susceptibility. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 13,527-13,534.
Blanchard, D.O., W.R. Cotton, and J.M. Brown, 1998: Mesoscale circulation growth under conditions of weak inertial instability. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 118-140.
Alexander, G. David, and William R. Cotton, 1998: The use of cloud-resolving simulations of mesoscale convective systems to build a convective parameterization scheme. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2137-2161.
Olsson, P.Q., J.Y. Harrington, G. Feingold, W.R. Cotton, and S. Kreidenweis, 1998: Exploratory cloud-resolving simulations of boundary layer Arctic stratus clouds. Part I: Warm season clouds. Atmos. Res., 47-48, 573-597.
Stevens, B., W.R. Cotton, and G. Feingold, 1998: A critique of one-and two-dimensional models of boundary layer clouds with a binned representation of drop microphysics. J. Atmos. Res., 47-48, 529-533.
Bernardet, L.R., and W.R. Cotton, 1998: Multi-scale evolution of a derecho-producing MCS. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2991-3015.
Gaudet, B., and W.R. Cotton, 1998: Statistical characteristics of a real-time precipitation forecasting model. Wea. Forecasting, 13, 966-982.
Feingold, G., R.L. Walko, B. Stevens, and W.R. Cotton, 1998: Simulations of marine stratocumulus using a new microphysical parameterization scheme. Atmos. Res., 47-48, 505-528.
Feingold, G., S. Yang, R.M. Hardesty, and W.R. Cotton, 1998: Feasibility of retrieving cloud condensation nucleus properties from Doppler cloud radar, microwave radiometer, and lidar. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 15, 1188-1195.
Stevens, B., W.R. Cotton, G. Feingold, and C.-H. Moeng, 1998: Large-eddy simulations of strongly precipitating, shallow, stratocumulus-topped boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3616-3638.
Harrington, J.Y., T. Reisin, W.R. Cotton, and S.M. Kreidenweis, 1999: Cloud resolving simulations of Arctic stratus. Part II: Transition-season clouds. Atmos. Res., 55, 45-75.
Bretherton, C.S., M.K. MacVean, P. Bechtold, A. Chlond, W.R. Cotton, J. Cuxart, H. Cuijpers, M. Khairoutdinov, B. Kosovic, D. Lewellen, C.-H. Moeng, P. Siebesma, B. Stevens, D.E. Stevens, I. Sykes, and M.C. Wyant, 1999: An intercomparison of radiatively driven entrainment and turbulence in a smoke cloud, as simulated by different numerical models. Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 125, 391-423.
Feingold, G., W.R. Cotton, S.M. Kreidenweis, and J.T. Davis, 1999: The impact of giant cloud condensation nuclei on drizzle formation in stratocumulus: Implications for cloud radiative properties. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 4100-4117.
Feingold, G., A.S. Frisch, B. Stevens, and W.R. Cotton, 1999: On the relationship among cloud turbulence, droplet formation and drizzle as viewed by Doppler radar, microwave radiometer and lidar. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 22,195-22,203.
Nachamkin, J., R.L. McAnelly, and W.R. Cotton, 2000: Interaction between a developing mesoscale convective system and its environment. Part I. Observational Analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1205-1224.
Nachamkin, J., W.R. Cotton, 2000: Interaction between a developing mesoscale convective system and its environment. Part II. Numerical simulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1225-1244.
Walko, R.L., W.R. Cotton, G. Feingold, and B. Stevens, 2000: Efficient computation of vapor and heat diffusion between hydrometeors in a numerical model. Atmos. Res., 53, 171-183.
Harrington, J.Y., G. Feingold, W.R. Cotton, and S.M. Kreidenweis, 2000: Radiative impacts on the growth of a population of drops within simulated summertime Arctic stratus. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 766-785.
Jiang, H., W.R. Cotton, J.O. Pinto, J.A. Curry, and M.J. Weissbluth, 2000: Cloud resolving simulations of mixed-phase Arctic stratus observed during BASE: Sensitivity to concentration of ice crystals and large-scale heat and moisture advection. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2105-2117.
Bernardet, L.R., L.D. Grasso, J.E. Nachamkin, C.A. Finley, and W.R. Cotton, 2000: Simulating convective events using a high-resolution mesoscale model. J. Geophys. Res., 105, D11, 14,963-14,982.
Wu, T., W.R. Cotton, and W.Y.Y. Cheng, 2000: Radiative effects on the diffusional growth of ice particles in cirrus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2892-2904.
Jiang, H., and W.R. Cotton, 2000: Large-eddy simulation of shallow cumulus convection during BOMEX: Sensitivity to microphysics and radiation. J. Atmos. Sci, 57, 582-594.
Larson, V.E., R. Wood, P.R. Field, J.C. Golaz, T. H. Vonder- Haar, W.R. Cotton, 2001: Systematic biases in the microphysics and thermodynamics of numerical models that ignore subgrid-scale variability. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1117-1128.
Jiang, H., G. Feingold, W.R. Cotton, and P.G. Duynkerke, 2001: Large-eddy simulations of entrainment of cloud condensation nuclei into the Arctic boundary layer: 18 May 1998 FIRE/SHEBA case study. J. Geophys. Res., 106, D14, 15,113-15,122.
Finley, C.A., W.R. Cotton, and R.A. Pielke, 2001: Numerical simulation of tornadogenesis in a high-precipitation supercell. Part I: Storm evolution and transition into a bow echo. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1,597-1,629.
Golaz, J.-C., H. Jiang, and W.R. Cotton, 2001: A large-eddy simulation study of cumulus clouds over land and sensitivity to soil moisture. Atmos. Res., 59-60, 373-392.
Larson, V.E., R. Wood, P.R. Field, J.-C. Golaz, T. H. Vonder Haar, and W.R. Cotton, 2001b: Small-scale and mesoscale variability of scalars in cloudy boundary layers: One-dimensional probability density functions. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1978-1996.
Costa, A.A., W.R. Cotton, R.L. Walko, R.A. Pielke, Sr., and H. Jiang, 2001: SST sensitivities in multi-day TOGA-COARE cloud-resolving simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 253-268.
Cheng , W.Y.Y., T. Wu, and W.R. Cotton, and, 2001: Large-eddy simulations of the 26 November 1991 FIRE II cirrus case. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1017-1034.
Wood, R., P.R. Field, W.R. Cotton, 2002: Autoconversion rate bias in stratiform boundary layer cloud parameterizations. Atmos. Res., 65, 109-128.
Larson, V.E., J.-C. Golaz, and W.R. Cotton, 2002: Small-scale and mesoscale variability in cloudy boundary layers: Joint probability density functions. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3519-3539.
Jiang, H., G. Feingold, W.R. Cotton, 2002: Simulations of aerosol-cloud-dynamical feedbacks resulting from entrainment of aerosol into the marine boundary layer during the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment. J. Geophys. Res.,107, D24, 4813, doi:10.1029/2001JD001502.
Golaz, J-C., V.E. Larson, W.R. Cotton, 2002a: A PDF-based model for boundary layer clouds. Part I: Method and model description. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3540-3551.
Golaz, J-C., V.E. Larson, W.R. Cotton, 2002b: A PDF-based model for boundary layer clouds. Part II: Model results. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3552-3571.
Cotton, W.R., R.A. Pielke, Sr., R.L. Walko, G.E. Liston, C.J. Tremback, H. Jiang, R.L. McAnelly, J.Y. Harrington, M.E. Nicholls, G.G. Carrió.P. McFadden, 2003: RAMS 2001: Current status and future directions. Meteor. Atmos Physics, 82, 5-29.
Cotton, W.R., 2003: Cloud models: Their evolution and future challenges. Meteor. Monogr., 29, 95-105.
Rozoff, C.M., W.R. Cotton, and J.O. Adegoke, 2003: Simulation of St. Louis, Missouri land use impacts on thunderstorms. J. Appl. Met., 42, 716-738.
Jirak, I.L., W.R. Cotton, and R.L. McAnelly, 2003: Satellite and radar survey of mesoscale convective system development. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2428-2449.
Saleeby, S.M., and W.R. Cotton, 2004a: A large droplet mode and prognostic number concentration of cloud droplets in the RAMS@CSU model. Part I: Module descriptions and supercell test simulations. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 182-195.
Saleeby, S.M. and W.R. Cotton, 2004b: Simulations of the North American monsoon system. Part I: Model analysis of the 1993 monsoon season. J. Climate, 17, 1997-2018.
Van den Heever, S.C., and W.R. Cotton, 2004: The impact of hail size on simulated supercell storms. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 1596-1609.
Davis, C., N. Atkins, D. Bartels, L. Bosart, M. Coniglio, G. Bryan, W. Cotton, D. Dowell, B. Jewett, R. Johns, D. Jorgensen, J. Knievel, K. Knupp, W-C. Lee, G. McFarquhar, J. Moore, R. Przybylinski, R. Rauber, B. Smull, R. Trapp, S. Trier, R. Wakimoto, M. Weisman, and C. Ziegler, 2004: The Bow Echo and MCV Experiment. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 85, 1075-1093.
Jiang, H., and W.R. Cotton, 2004: Soil moisture estimation using an artificial neural network: A feasibility study. Canadian J. Remote Sensing, 30, 827-839.
Wetzel, Melanie, Michael Meyers, Randolph Borys, Ray McAnelly, William Cotton, Andrew Rossi, Paul Frisbie, Davic Nadler, Douglas Lowenthal, Stephen Cohn, and William Brown, 2004: Mesoscale snowfall prediction and verification in mountainous terrain. Weather and Forecasting, 19, 806-828.
Mukhopadhyay, P., J. Sanjay, W. R. Cotton and S. S. Singh, 2004: Impact of surface meteorological observations on RAMS forecast of monsoon weather systems over Indian region. Met. Atmos. Phys., 90, 77-108 (DOI 10.1007/s00703-004-0090-y).
Cheng, W.Y.Y., and W.R. Cotton, 2004: Sensitivity of a cloud-resolving simulation of the genesis of a mesoscale convective system to horizontal heterogeneities in soil moisture initialization. J. Hydromet., 5, 934-958.
Garstang, M., R. Bruintjes, R. Serafin, H. Orville, B. Boe, W. Cotton, and J. Warburton, 2005: Weather modification: Finding common ground. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 86, 647-655.
Jiang, H., and W.R. Cotton, 2005: A diagnostic study of subgrid-scale activation. J. Geophys Res., 110, D16107, doi:1029/2004JD005722..
Carrió.G., H. Jiang, and W.R. Cotton, 2005a: Impact of aerosol intrusions on Arctic boundary layer clouds. Part I: 4 May 1998 case. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 3082-3093.
Carrió.G., H. Jiang, and W.R. Cotton, 2005b: Impact of aerosol intrusions on Arctic boundary layer clouds. Part II: Multi-month simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 3094-3105.
Saleeby, S.M., and W.R. Cotton, 2005: A large droplet mode and prognostic number concentration of cloud droplets in the Colorado State University Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS). Part II: Sensitivity to a Colorado winter snowfall event. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 1912-1929.
Larson, V.E., J-C. Golaz, H. Jiang, and W.R. Cotton: 2005: Supplying local microphysics parameterizations with information about subgrid variability: Latin hypercube sampling. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 4010-4026.
Jirak, I. L. and W. R. Cotton, 2006: Effect of Air Pollution on Precipitation along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. J. Appl. Meteor., 45, 236-245.
van den Heever, S.C., G.G. Carrió.R. Cotton, P.J. DeMott, and A.J. Prenni, 2006: Impacts of nucleating aerosol on Florida storms. Part I: Mesoscale Simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1752-1775.
Hindman, Edward E., Ray L. McAnelly, William R. Cotton, Todd Pattist, and Richard M. Worthington, 2004: An Unusually High Summertime Wave Flight. Technical Soaring, 28, 7-23.
Cotton, W.R., R. McAnelly, G. Carrió. Mielke, and C. Hartzell, 2006: Simulations of snowpack augmentation in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. J. Wea. Mod., 38, 58-65.
Freitas, E.D., C.M. Rozoff, W.R. Cotton, and P.L. Silva Dias, 2006: Interactions of urban heat island and sea breeze circulations during winter over the Metropolitan Area of SãPaulo . Brazil. Boundary-Layer Met., DOI 10.1007/s10546-006-9091-3.
Gaudet, B.J., and W.R. Cotton, 2006: Low-level mesocyclonic concentration by non-axisymmetric processes. Part I: Supercell and mesocyclone evolution. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1113-1133.
Gaudet, B.J., W.R. Cotton, and M.T. Montgomery, 2006: Low-level mesocyclonic concentration by non-axisymmetric processes. Part II: Vorticity dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1134-1150.
Carrió.G., S.C. van den Heever, and W.R. Cotton, 2007: Impacts of nucleating aerosol on anvil-cirrus clouds: A modeling study. Atmos. Res., 84, 111-131.
van den Heever, S., and W. R. Cotton, 2007: Urban aerosol impacts on downwind convective storms. J. Appl. Met., 46, 828-850.
Jirak, I. L. and W. R. Cotton, 2007: Observational analysis of the predictability of mesoscale convective systems. Wea. Forecasting, 22, 813-838.
Cotton, W.R., H. Zhang, G.M. McFarquhar, and S.M. Saleeby, 2007: Should we consider polluting hurricanes to reduce their intensity? J. Wea. Mod., 39, 70-73.
Saleeby, S.M., W.Y.Y. Cheng, and W.R. Cotton, 2007: New developments in the regional atmospheric modeling system suitable for simulations of snowpack augmentation over complex terrain. J. Wea. Mod., 39, 37-49.
Hindman, Edward E. (Ward), Stephen M. Saleeby, Olivier Liechti, and William R. Cotton, 2007: A meteorological system for planning and analyzing soaring flights in Colorado USA. Tech. Soaring, 31, 68-78.
Zhang H., G. M. McFarquhar, S. M. Saleeby, W. R. Cotton, 2007: Impacts of Saharan dust as CCN on the evolution of an idealized tropical cyclone. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L14812, doi:10.1029/2007GL029876.
Saleeby, S.M., and W.R. Cotton, 2008: A binned approach to cloud droplet riming implemented in a bulk microphysics model. J. Appl. Met. Climatol., 47, 694-703..
Carrió.G, Cotton, and Zupanski, D, 2008: Development of an Aerosol Retrieval Method Part I: Description and Preliminary Tests. J.A.M.C. ,47, 2760.2776.
Cotton, W.R., 2008: Weather and Climate Engineering. In Clouds in the Perturbed Climate System: Their Relationship to Energy Balance, Atmospheric Dynamics, and Precipitation, Heintzenberg, J., and R.J. Charlson, eds., Strün Forum Report, vol. 2, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Jirak, I.L.* and W. R. Cotton, 2009: Reply (to 'Comments on "Observational analysis of the predictability of mesoscale convective systems'"). Wea. Forecasting, 24, 356-360.
Lerach, David G., Brian J. Gaudet, and William R. Cotton, 2008: Idealized simulations of aerosol influences on tornadogenesis, Geophys. Res. Ltrs, VOL. 35, L23806, 6 PP., 2008 doi:10.1029/2008GL035617
Saleeby, S.M., W.R. Cotton, D. Lowenthal, R.D. Borys, and M.A. Wetzel, 2009: Influence of cloud condensation nuclei on orographic snowfall. J. Appl. Meteor. & Clim., 48, 903-922.
Cheng, W.Y.Y., G.G. Carriónd W.R. Cotton, 2009: Influence of atmospheric aerosols on the development of precipitating trade wind cumuli. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D08201, doi: 10.1029/2008JD011011.
Ward, D.S., T. Eidhammer, W. R. Cotton, and S. M. Kreidenweis, 2010: The role of the particle size distribution in assessing aerosol composition effects on simulated droplet activation. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5435.5447.
Carrióotton, W. R., Cheng, 2010: Effects of the Urban growth of Houston on convection and precipitation. Part I: the August 2000 case. Atmos. Res., 96, 560-574.
Carrió. G., and W. R. Cotton, 2010: Investigations of aerosol impacts on hurricanes: Virtual seeding flights. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (accepted).
Saleeby, S.M., W.R. Cotton, and J.Fuller, 2010: The cumulative impact of cloud droplet nucleating aerosols on orographic snowfall in Colorado. (Conditionally accepted, J. Appl. Meteor. & Clim.).
Ward, D. S. and W. R. Cotton, 2010: A method for forecasting CCN using predictions of aerosol physical and chemical properties from WRF/Chem. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., submitted.