Date:07/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wu, C-C., K.A. Emanuel
Title:On hurricane outflow structure
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1995-2003
Abstract:Flow fields from the model of Wu and Emanuel are presented. It is demonstrated that the interaction of background shear with a uniform source of low potential vorticity air at the storm top can produce many of the observed characteristics of hurricane outflow, including outflow jets. Our model is compared to other extant models of hurricane outflow.
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Record ID:71/1

Date:08/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Salby, M.L. and H.H. Hendon.
Title:Intraseasonal behavior clouds, temperature, and motion in the tropics.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2207-2224
Abstract:The spectral character of tropical convection is investigated in an 11-yr record of outgoing longwave radiation from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer to identify interaction with the tropical circulation.
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Record ID:71/2

Date:09/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zhang, Guang Jun
Title:Effects of cumulus convection on the simulated monsoon circulation in a general circulation model
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2022-2038
Abstract:The effect of cumulus convection on the Asican summer monsoon circulation is investigated, using a general circulation model. Two simulations for the summer months (June, July, and August) are performed, one parameterizing convection using a mass flux scheme and the other without convective parameterization. The results show that
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Record ID:71/3

Date:09/15/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zhao, Y., B.C. Weare
Title:The effect of ciurnal variation of cumulus convection on large-scale low-frequency oscillations in the tropics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2653-2663
Abstract:A simple-shwllow-water Kelvin wave-CISK model on the equatorial beta plane is used to investigate the effect of high-frequency viarations, typically a diurnal cycle, of cumulus convection on large-scale low-freuqncy wave modes in the Tropics.
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Record ID:71/4

Date:03/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M., C.W. Landsea, P.W. Mielke Jr., K.J. Berry
Title:Predicting Atlantic basin seasonal tropical cyclone activity by 1 June
Publication:Weather & Forecasting, 9, 103-115
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/5

Date:11/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sperber, K.R., S. Hameed, G.L. Potter, J.S. Boyle
Title:Simulation of the northern summer monsoon in the ECMWF model: Sensitivity to horizontal resolution
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2461-2481
Abstract:The ability of the ECMWF model (cycle 33) to simulate the Indian and East Asian summer monsoons is evaluated at four different horizontal resolutins: R21, T42, T63, and T106. Generally, with respect to the large-scale features of the circulation, the largest differences amoung the simulations occur at T42 relative to T21.
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Record ID:71/6

Date:06/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Chen, C.-S., Y.-O.E. Chan
Title:On the formation of cloud and precipitation systems in Taiwan during TAMEX IOP #11
Publication:TAO, 5, 137-168
Abstract:0
Location:Trop.Met.-7
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Record ID:71/7

Date:12/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Puri, K.
Title:Modeling studies on the Australian summer monsoon
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2816-2837
Abstract:The ability of the Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre global spectral model to simulate fratures of the Australian summer monsoon during January and February 1987 has been studied. Two timescales were considered: namely, the short range, defined by periods of less than 5 days, and the long range (30-40 days).
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Record ID:71/8

Date:11/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lucas, C., E.J. Zipser, M.A. LeMone
Title:Vertical velocity in oceanic convection off tropical Australia
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3183-3193
Abstract:Time series of 1-Hz vertical velocity data collected during aircraft penetrations of oceanic cumulonimbus clouds over the western Pacific warm pool as part of the Equatorial Mesoscale Experiment (EMEX) are analyzed for updraft and downdraft events called cores. An updraft core is defined as occurring whenever the vertical velocity exceeds 1 m/s for at least 500 m. A downdraft core is defined analogously.
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Record ID:71/9

Date:12/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Schade, L.R.
Title:Comments on 'Hurricane spiral bands'
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3543-3544
Abstract:Comments on paper by Guinn, A.T. and W.H. Schubert, 1993: J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3380-3403
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Record ID:71/10

Date:09/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:DeMaria, M., J. Kaplan
Title:Sea surface temperature and the maximum intensity of Atlantic tropical cyclones
Publication:J. Climate, 7, 1324-1334
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/11

Date:09/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(12) Climate
Author:Miller, R.L., A.D. Del Genio
Title:Tropical cloud feedbacks and natural variability of climate
Publication:J. Climate, 7, 1388-1402
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/12

Date:00/00/1961
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Riehl, H., J. Malkus
Title:Some aspects of Hurricane Daisy, 1958
Publication:Tellus, 8, 181-213
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/13

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wu, C.C., K.A. Emanuel
Title:Potential vorticity diagnostics of hurricane movement. Part I: A case study of Hurricane Bob (1991)
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 69-92
Abstract:Potential vorticity (PV) diagnostics are applied to evaluate the control by the large-scale environment of hurricane movement and, more importantly, to assess the storm's influence on its own track. As a first application of these diagnostics, and observational case study of Hurricane Bob (1991) is presented using the twice-daily National Meteorological Center Northern Hemisphere final analyses gridded datasets.
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Record ID:71/14

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wu, C.-C., K.A. Emanuel.
Title:Potential vorticity diagnostics of hurricane movement. Part II: Tropical Storm Ana (1991) and Hurricane Andrew (1992).
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 93-109.
Abstract:The validity of balance dynamics in the Tropics allows an exploration of the dynamics of hurricanes using the potential vorticity (PV) framework. Part I demonstrated the use of PV diagnostics in understanding the hurricane steering flow and also the interaction between the cyclone and its environment.
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Record ID:71/15

Date:01/15/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Khandekar, M.L.
Title:Comments on 'The meandering nature of tropical cyclone tracks'
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 286-288
Abstract:No Abstract
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Record ID:71/16

Date:01/15/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Holland, G.J., Y. Wang, M. Lander
Title:Reply to Khandekar's comments on 'The meandering nature of tropical cyclone tracks'.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 289-290
Abstract:No Abstract
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Record ID:71/17

Date:02/01/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Fankhauser, J.C., N.A. Crook, J. Tuttle, L.J. Miller, C.G. Wade
Title:Initiation of deep convection along boundary layer convergence lines in a semitropical environment.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 291-313
Abstract:The initiation of deep convection through forcing along boundary layer convergence lines is examined using observations from the Convection and Precipitation/Electrification Experiment conducted in east-central Florida during the summer of 1991. The study is concerned with the evolution and interaction of two converging air masses that were initially separated by an intervening boundary layer characterized by neutral stability and horizontal convective rolls.
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Record ID:71/18

Date:02/01/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Ross, R.J., Y. Kurihara.
Title:A numerical study on influences of Hurrincane Gloria (1985) on the environment.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 332-346
Abstract:The influence of Hurricane Gloria (1985) on the environment is investigated by comparing hurricane model integrations either including or excluding the hurricane in the initial condition. Results for three cases of Gloria at different states of development are presented.
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Record ID:71/19

Date:07/00/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:Toward a general theroy of hurricanes
Publication:American Scientist, 76, 371-379
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/20

Date:00/00/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Precipitating cloud systems of the Asian monsoon
Publication:Monsoon Meteorology, C.-P. Chang, T.N. Krishnamurti (Ed.), Clarendon Press, Oxford, 544p, 298-353.
Abstract:0
Location:5
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Record ID:71/21

Date:12/00/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Machado, L.A.T., W.B. Rossow
Title:Structural characteristics and radiative properties of tropical cloud clusters
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3234-3260
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/22

Date:00/00/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Young, G.S.
Title:Exploring the role of thunderstorms in tropical oceanography
Publication:Earth & Mineral Sciences, 62 (3), 56-59
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/23

Date:00/00/1972
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sundqvist, H.
Title:Model tropical cyclone behaviour in experiments related to modification attempts
Publication:Tellus, 24, 6-12
Abstract:A numerical model of tropical cyclone development (Sundqvist, 1970a) has been used to study and compare the effects on the cyclone intensity by cloud seeding and spatial variations of sea surface temperature. The cloud seeding is simulated by taking into account heat released by freezing for temperatures below 0 degrees C at selected radii of the convective area.
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Record ID:71/24

Date:03/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wu, M.C., J.C.L. Chan
Title:Surface features of winter monsoon surges over South China
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 662-680
Abstract:The surface features associated with two kinds of winter monsoon surges over south China are studied: The easterly surge (ES) and the northerly surge (NS). Surface meteorological parameters over the region 15degrees-50degreesN, 90degrees-130degreesE for the surges that occurred in the three winters (October-March) from 1988 to 1991 are analyzed.
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Record ID:71/25

Date:03/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:McBride, J.L., N.E. Davidson, K. Puri, G.C. Tyrell
Title:The flow during TOGA COARE as diagnosed by the BMRC Tropical Analysis and Prediction System
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 717-736
Abstract:The evolution of the large-scale flow through the four-month intensive observing period of TOGA COARE is documented from large-scale analyses and GMS cloud imagery produced by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology and transmitted to the field stations during the experiment.
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Record ID:71/26

Date:00/00/1958
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Riehl, H.
Title:On the heat balance in the equitorial trough zone
Publication:Geophysica, 6, (3-4), 503-538
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/27

Date:02/01/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Jin, F., B.J. Hoskins
Title:The direct response to tropical heating in a baroclinic atmosphere
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 307-319
Abstract:The global response to tropical heating is studied by performing a time integration of a 15-level primitive equation model, starting with a basic flow maintained by a constant forcing. The direct, quasi-steady response to the tropical heating is seen during the first 20 days before baroclinic instability dominates.
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Record ID:71/28

Date:05/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Harr, P.A., R.L. Elsberry
Title:Large-scale circulation variability over the tropical western North Pacific. Part I: Spatial patterns and tropical cyclone characteristics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1225-1246
Abstract:The basic structure of the variability of the large-scale circulations over the tropical western Pacific is investigated with respect to its influence on the tropical cyclone characteristics. A vector emperical orthogonal function analysis and fuzzy cluster algorithm are applied to a 9-yr dataset to define six recurrent 700-mb circulation patterns that represent large-scale variabilities associated with the monsoon trough and subtropical ridge.
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Record ID:71/29

Date:05/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Harr, P.A., R.L. Eslberry
Title:Large-scale circulation variablity over the tropical western North Pacific. Part II: Persistence and transition characteristics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1247-1268
Abstract:The variability of the large-scale circulation over the tropical western North Pacific is described within a framework defined by recurrent 700-mb circulation patterns that were defined by a fuzzy cluster analysis. Individual cluster patterns (defined in Part I), which represent instantaneous dipictions of the circulation varibility, define favorable and unfavorable regions for tropical cyclone genesis and preferred track types.
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Record ID:71/30

Date:05/15/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Paradis, D., J.P. Lafore, J.L. Redelsperger, and V. Balaji
Title:African easterly waves and convection. Part I: Linear simulations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1657-1679
Abstract:A linearized version of a nonhydrostatic model is used to study the normal-mode selection and the structure of the African easterly waves in dry and moist environments associated with an idealized African easterly jet structure.
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Record ID:71/31

Date:04/15/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Potter, B.E., J.R. Holton
Title:The role of monsoon convection in the dehydration of the lower tropical stratosphere
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1034-1050
Abstract:Observations by radiosondes, satellites, and aircraft have shown that a minimum in water vapor mixing ratio in the lower tropical stratosphere (typically around 19-km altitude) is a climatological feature of the global water vapor distribution. The processes responsible for the formation and maintenance of this minimum are examined with the aid of a mesoscale dynamical model of tropical convection that includes bulk ice microphysics, radiative transfer, and surface processes.
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Record ID:71/32

Date:06/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Davidson, N.E.
Title:Vorticity budget for AMEX. Part I: Diagnostics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1620-1635
Abstract:Six-hourly analyses based on the special observational dataset from the Australian Monsoon Experiment are used to derive vorticity budget diagnostics for a number of tropical weather situations. The quality of the analyses is demonstrated by observation fitting statistics, comparison of digital satellite cloud imagery with diagnosed vertical motion, and by comparison of derived quantities with those obtained directly from the observations using line integral calculations.
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Record ID:71/33

Date:06/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Davidson, N.E.
Title:Vorticity budget for AMEX. Part II: Simulations of monsoon onset, midtropospheric lows, and tropical cyclone behavior
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1636-1659
Abstract:Diagnostics from the observational dataset of the Australian Monsoon Experiment (AMEX) have revealed two interesting characteristics of convective systems over the Australian tropics (Part I of this study). The first is a midlevel convergence maximum in situations of disorganized convection, which implies weak low-level and strong upper-level convective heating. The second is the presence of large apparent vorticity sources during deep convective and stratiform events.
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Record ID:71/34

Date:06/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Goswami, B.N., V. Krishnamurthy, N.H. Saji
Title:Simulation of ENSO-related surface winds in the Tropical Pacific by an atmospheric general circulation model forced by observed sea surface temperatures.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1677-1694
Abstract:The authors present the simulation of the tropical Pacific surface wind variability by a low-resolution (R15 horizontal resolution and 18 vertical levels) version of the Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Interactions, Maryland, general circulation model (GCM) when forced by observed global sea surface temperature. The authors have examined the monthly mean surface winds and precipitation simulated by the model that was integrated from January 1979 to March 1992.
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Record ID:71/35

Date:00/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lukas, R., P.J. Webster, M. Ji, A. Leetmaa
Title:The large-scale context for the TOGA Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 56, 3-16
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/36

Date:00/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Webster, P.J.
Title:The annual cycle and the predictability of the tropical coupled ocean-atmosphere system
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 56, 33-55
Abstract:0
Location:7
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Record ID:71/37

Date:06/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Cheng, M.D.
Title:Effects of downdrafts and mesoscale convective organization on the heat and moisture budgets of tropical cloud clusters. Part I: A diagnostic cumulus ensemble model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1517-1538
Abstract:A diagnostic cumulus ensemble model is developed to study the effects of convective-scale downdrafts and mesoscale convective organization on the heat and moisture budgets of tropical cloud clusters.
Location:6
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Record ID:71/38

Date:06/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Cheng, M.D.
Title:Effects of downdrafts and mesoscale convective organization on the heat and moisture budgets of tropical cloud clusters. Part II: Effects of convective-scale downdrafts
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1540-1564
Abstract:The diagnostic cumulus ensemble model presented in Part I of this paper is applied to the data taken during Phase III of the GARP Tropical Atlantic Experiment to examine the effects of convective-scale
Location:6
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Record ID:71/39

Date:08/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Flatau, M., D.F. Stevens
Title:The effect of horizontal pressure gradients on the momentum transport in tropical convective lines. Part I: The results of the convective parameterization
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2074-2087
Abstract:Measurements of the momentum transport in tropical convective lines suggest that horizontal momentum can be generated by the pressure low located near the center of the convective part of the line
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Record ID:71/40

Date:08/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Flatau, M., D.E. Stevens
Title:The effect of horizontal pressure gradients on the momentum transport in tropical convective lines. Part II: Lagrangian calculations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2988-2096
Abstract:The movement of a set of Lagrangian parcels in the two-dimensional pressure field associated with a tropical convective line is considered.
Location:2
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Record ID:71/41

Date:09/01/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Polcher, J.
Title:Sensitivity of tropical convection to land surface processes
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 3143-3161
Abstract:This paper studies the sensitivity of large-scale tropical convection to land surface changes in the general circulation model of the LMD.
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Record ID:71/42

Date:09/01/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Roux, F., N. Viltard
Title:Structure and evolution of Hrricane Claudette on 7 September 1991 from airborne Doppler radar observations. Part I: Kinematics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2611-2639
Abstract:On 7 September 1991, an experiment was conducted wiht the two National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administation (NOAA WP_3D research aircraft to investigate the inner-core region of Hurricane Claudette.
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Record ID:71/43

Date:09/01/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kurihara, Y., M.A. Bender, R.E. Tulleya, R.J. Ross
Title:Improvements in the GFDL hurricane prediction system
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2791-2801
Abstract:The hurricane model initialization scheme developed at GFDL was modified to improve the representation of the environmental fields in the initial condition.
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Record ID:71/44

Date:12/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nicholls, M.E.
Title:A comparison on the results of a two-dimensional numerical simulation of a tropical squall line with observations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3055-3077
Abstract:A comparison of the results of a two-dimensional numerical simulation of a tropical squall line with observations shows good agrement in most respects.
Location:6
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Record ID:71/45

Date:04/15/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Redelsperger, J.L., J.P. Lafore
Title:A three-dimensional simulation of a tropical squall line: Convective organization and thermodynamic vertical transport
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1334-1356
Abstract:Three-dimensional convective scale simulations of an African squall line, observed during the French COPT 81 experiment, are presented.
Location:6
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Record ID:71/46

Date:00/00/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Reddy, N.C., S. Raman
Title:Role of mesoscale cirucluations on monsoon rainfall over the west coast of India
Publication:Atmos. Environment, 29, 2177-2189
Abstract:Sensitivity of monsoon rainfall to different ambient wind speeds, orography and wind shear was studied using a two-dimensional mesoscale model. Three numerical experiments were performed with different initial uniform ambient wind speeds (U = 0.1 m/s, 5 m/s, and 10 m/s) for a typical summer day.
Location:Trop-7
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Record ID:71/47

Date:11/15/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Raymond, D.J.
Title:Regulation of moist convection over the west Pacific warm pool.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 22, 3945-3959.
Abstract:The mechanisms that regulate moist convection over the warm topical oceans are not well understood. One school of thought holds that convection is caused by the convergence of moisture, which in turn is produced by an independent dynamical mechanism.
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Record ID:71/48

Date:06/01/1969
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gentry, R.C.
Title:Project STORMFURY
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 50, 404-409
Abstract:Project STORMFURY is a project of Commerce and Defense for experimenting at modification of hurricances.
Location:Box 7
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Record ID:71/49

Date:5/1/1971
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hawkins, H.F.
Title:Comparison of results of the Hurricane Debbie (1969) modification experiments with those from Rosenthal's numerical model simulation experiments
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 99, 427-434
Abstract:Comparison of the wind-speed profiles, the outer wind envelopes, pressure changes, and possibly the temperature differents that characterized hirricane Debbie before, during and after the Project
Location:Box 7
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Record ID:71/50

Date:5/1/1971
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rosenthal, S.L.
Title:A cirularly symmetric primitive-equation model of tropical cyclones and its response to artificial enhancement of the convective heating functions
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 99, 414-426
Abstract:Simulations of the natural (unmodified) evolution of tropical cyclones with a circularly symmetric model suggest that seeding of hurricanes with silver iodide at radii greater than that of the surface wind maximum
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Record ID:71/51

Date:2/15/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(43) Mesoscale Tropical
Author:Mapes, B.E., P. Zuidema
Title:Radiative-dynamical consequences of dry tongues in the tropical toposphere.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 4, 620-638.
Abstract:Dry layers are frequently observed in atmospheric soundings from the climatologically humid western Pacific warm pool regions. Some 2400 soundings from the TOGA COARE field program were objectively examined for humidity drops (layers in which relative humidity decreases rapidly with height), indicative of the bases of dry layers.
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Record ID:71/52

Date:4/15/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Williams, A.G., H. Kraus, J.M. Hacker
Title:Transport processes in the tropical warm pool boundary layer. Part I: Spectral composition of fluxes.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 8, 1187-1202
Abstract:Spectral analysis of high-resolution turbulence data from the South Australian Cessna research aircraft is performed in an investigation of the multiscale nature of vertical transport processes in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) during TOGA COARE.
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Record ID:71/53

Date:4/15/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Michaud, L.M.
Title:Comments on Convective available potential energy in the environment of oceanic and continental clouds.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 8, 1209-1211
Abstract:No abstract.
Location:7
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Record ID:71/54

Date:7/1/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mapes, B.E.
Title:Gregarious tropical convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 13, 2026-2037
Abstract:A heat source with a vertical profile like that of observed tropical mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) is shown to cause, through inviscid gravity wave dynamics, upward displacement at low levels in a mesoscale region surrounding the heating.
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Record ID:71/55

Date:1/1/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(12) Climate
Author:Bengtsson, L., M. Botzet, M. Esch
Title:Will greenhouse gas-induced warming over the next 50 years lead to higher frequency and greater intensity of hurricanes?
Publication:Tellus, 48A, 57-73
Abstract:The use of a high resolution atmospheric model at T106 resolution, for studying the influence of greenhouse warming on tropical storm climatology, is investigated.
Location:Tropical - 7
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Record ID:71/56

Date:10/1/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Raymond, D.J.
Title:Convective processes and tropical atmospheric circulations.
Publication:Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 120, 1431-1455
Abstract:This paper presents calculations of an idealized large scale tropical circulation driven solely by sea surface temperature anomalies.
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Record ID:71/57

Date:4/15/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Michaud, L.M. and (Reply) C. Lucas, E.J. Zipser
Title:Comments on
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 8, 1209-1214
Abstract:No abstract.
Location:7
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Record ID:71/58

Date:5/23/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mapes, B.E.
Title:Equilibrium vs. activation controls on large-scale variations of tropical deep convection.
Publication:CIRES Internal paper. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder.
Abstract:What processes control large-scale variations of deep convection (LSVDC) in the tropics? Here 'large-scale' is taken to mean variations consisting of a statistical population of separate convective cloud systems. This essay highlights the distinction between processes which modulate available energy over the depth of the convecting layer (equilibrium control), and inhibitory processes at low levels (activation control), as competing hypotheses for explaining LSVDC.
Location:7
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Record ID:71/59

Date:6/27/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:Collins, W.D., F.P.J. Valero, P.J. Flatau, D. Lubin, H. Grassl, P. Pilewskie
Title:Radiative effects of convection in the tropical Pacific.
Publication:J. Geo. Res., 101, D10, 14999-15012
Abstract:The radiative effects of tropical clouds at the tropopause and the ocean surface have been estimated by using in situ measurements from the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment (CEPEX).
Location:7
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Record ID:71/60

Date:02/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:Betts, A.K., W. Ridgway
Title:Coupling of the radiative, convective, and surface fluxes over the Equatorial Pacific
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 522-536
Abstract:An idealized energy-balance model for a closed torpical circulation is first presented to illustrate the coupling between the net tropospheric radiative cooling, the surface fluxes and the mean subsidence away from the precipitation zones.
Location:2
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Record ID:71/61

Date:04/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Challa, M., R.L. Pfeffer
Title:Formation of Atlantic hurricanes from cloud clusters and depressions
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 909-927
Abstract:The role of large scale eddy processes in the transformation of cloud clusters and depressions into hurricanes is investigated by using different initial conditions
Location:6
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Record ID:71/62

Date:03/15/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: Steady-state maintenance
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 585-604
Abstract:Observations and numerical simulations of tropical cyclones show that evaporation from the sea surface is essential to the development of reasonably intense storms
Location:3
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Record ID:71/63

Date:12/15/1985
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Eymard, L.
Title:Convective organization in a tropical boundary layer: An interpretation of Doppler radar observations using Asai's model.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2844-2855
Abstract:Convective structures in a tropical boundary layer were analyzed uisng two Doppler radars.
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Record ID:71/64

Date:4/1/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Fiorino, M., R.L. Elsberry
Title:Contributions to tropical cyclone motion by small, medium and large scales in the initial vortex.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 721-727
Abstract:The contribution of these scales to the vortex motion is studied in a nondivergent barotropic model with no initial basic flow by selectively retaining or deleting different scales.
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Record ID:71/65

Date:1/1/1982
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Fiorino, M., E.J. Harrison, Jr.
Title:A comparison of the performance to two operational dynamic tropical cyclone models.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 561-656
Abstract:This paper compares the performance of two multi-level high-resolution baroclinic tropical cyclone models which are currently in operational use.
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Record ID:71/66

Date:7/1/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Fishman, J.
Title:Comment on 'Tropical cyclone upper atmospheric interaction as inferred from satellite total ozone observations.'
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 30, 7, 1047-1048
Abstract:No abstract.
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Record ID:71/67

Date:1/1/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Frank, W.M., G.D. Emmitt, C. Warner
Title:Multi-scale analysis of low-level vertical fluxes on Day 261 of GATE.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1964-1976
Abstract:Data from a wide variety of measurement platforms are integrated to analyze a GATE cloud cluster and its environment.
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Record ID:71/68

Date:1/1/1982
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Frank, W.M.
Title:Large-scale characteristics of tropical cyclones.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 572-586
Abstract:Rawinsonde composites from the west Pacific and West Indies are used to analyze some of the properties of tropical cyclones and their influences upon larger scale circulations.
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Record ID:71/69

Date:11/1/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Frank, W., J. McBride
Title:The vertical distribution of heating in AMEX and GATE cloud clusters.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3464-3478
Abstract:Tropical cloud clusters that occurred during the Australian Monsoon Experiment (AMEX) are composited and compared to a composite of the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) systems.
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Record ID:71/70

Date:5/1/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Franklin, J.L., S.J. Lord, F.D. Marks
Title:Dropwindsonde and radar observations of the eye of Hurricane Gloria (1985).
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1237-1244
Abstract:Two soundings from the eye of Hurricane Gloria during a period of rapid deepening are described.
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Record ID:71/71

Date:10/15/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Guinn, T.A., W.H. Schubert
Title:Hurricane spiral bands.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 20, 3380-3403
Abstract:The spiral bands that occur in tropical cyclones can be conveniently divided into two classes -- outer bands and inner bands.
Location:7
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Record ID:71/72

Date:8/1/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hack, J.J., W.H. Schubert
Title:Nonlinear response of atmospheric vortices to heating by organized cumulus convection.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1559-1573
Abstract:Using an axisymmetric primitive-equation tropical cyclone model, we first illustrate the way in which nonlinear processes contribute to the development of an atmospheric vortex.
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Record ID:71/73

Date:6/1/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Harr, P.A., R.L. Elsberry
Title:Tropical cyclone track characteristics as a function of large-scale circulation anomalies.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 6, 1448-1468
Abstract:Factors that contribute to intraseasonal variability in western North Pacific tropical cyclone track types are investigated.
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Record ID:71/74

Date:1/1/1982
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Harrison, E.J. Jr., M. Fiorino
Title:A comprehensive test of the Navy Nested Tropical Cyclone model.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 645-650
Abstract:The tropical cyclone forecasting skill level of the Joint Typhoon Warming Center (JTWC) has reached a plateau and has shown little of no lasting improvement during the last ten years.
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Record ID:71/75

Date:9/15/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tyrrell, G.C., D.J. Karoly, J.L. McBride
Title:Links between tropical convection and variations of the extratropical circulation during TOGA COARE.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 18, 2735-2748
Abstract:Data from the Intensive Observation Period of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (Nov. 92- Feb. 93) have been used to investigate the links between intraseasonal variations in tropical convection and those in forcing of upper-tropospheric Rossby waves in the extratropics.
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Record ID:71/76

Date:10/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hirschberg, P.A., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Reply
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2402-2404
Abstract:Reply is to comments made on 'Tropopause undulation and the development of extratropical cyclones. Part II: Diagnostic analysis and conceptual model.'
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Record ID:71/77

Date:12/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hobgood, J.S.
Title:A possible mechanism for the diurnal oscillations of tropical cyclones
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2901-2922
Abstract:A possible mechanism for the diurnal oscillations of tropical cyclones is presented.
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Record ID:71/78

Date:10/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Holland, G.J., L.M. Leslie, B.C. Diehl
Title:comments on
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2394-2397
Abstract:None
Location:6
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Record ID:71/79

Date:12/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Holland, G.J., A.H. Lynch, L.M. Leslie
Title:Australian east-coast cyclones. Part I: Synoptic overview and case study
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3924-3036
Abstract:The meteorological conditions for the development of Australian east-coast cyclones are described
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Record ID:71/80

Date:06/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Houze, R.A., Jr., F.D. Marks, Jr., J.F. Gamache
Title:Dual-aircraft investigation of the inner core of Hurricane Norbert. Part II: Mesoscale distribution of ice particles
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 943-962
Abstract:Horizontal fields of cloud microphysical parameters, vertical air motion, and hoirzontal wind at the 6-km level in Hurricane Norbert (1984)
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Record ID:71/81

Date:04/01/1980
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Houze, R.A., Jr., C.P. Chen, C.A. Leary, J.F. Gamache
Title:Diagnosis of cloud mass and heat fluxes from radar and synoptic data
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 754-773
Abstract:A set of equations for diagnosing the properties of precipitating clouds over a tropical ocean is developed by postulating a population of model clouds
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Record ID:71/82

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hu, Q., D.A. Randall
Title:Low-frequency oscillations in radiative-convective systems
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1089-1099
Abstract:Although eastward propagation has long been considered one of the essential features of the Madden-Julian waves, recent observations have revealed a
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Record ID:71/83

Date:02/15/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Itoh, H., M. Ghil
Title:The generation mechanism of mixed Rossby-gravity waves in the equatorial troposphere
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 585-604
Abstract:Numerical experiments are performed to clarify the excitation mechanism of mixed Rossby-gravity waves in the tropical troposphere, as well as the selection of zonal wavenumbers 4-5
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Record ID:71/84

Date:01/01/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H.
Title:Large-scale effects of deep convection on the GATE tropical boundary layer
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2399-2413
Abstract:The large-scale response of the atmospheric boundary layer to the passage of tropical wave disturbances is investigated.
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Record ID:71/85

Date:10/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Jones, R.W.
Title:A simulation of hurricane landfall with a numerical model featuring latent heating by the resolvable scales
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2279-2297
Abstract:A nested-grid hurricane model is used to transport a strong vortex over a straight coastline at 4 ms^-1.
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Record ID:71/86

Date:04/15/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Jorgensen, D.P.
Title:Mesoscale and convective-scale characteristics of mature hurricanes. Part I: General observations by research aircraft
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1268-1285
Abstract:The analysis of instrumented aircraft data from four recent mature hurricanes revals common mesoscale and convective-scale features
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Record ID:71/87

Date:04/15/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Jorgensen, D.P.
Title:Mesoscale and convective-scale characteristics of mature hurricanes. Part II: Inner core structure of Hurricane Allen (1980)
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1287-1311
Abstract:The eyewall structure of Hurricane Allen is examined from analyses of multiple aircraft data on two days, 5 and 8 August 1980.
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Record ID:71/88

Date:04/01/1985
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Jorgensen, D.P., E.J. Zipser, M.A. LeMone
Title:Vertical motions in intense hurricanes
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 839-856
Abstract:Hurricane vertical motion properties are studied using aircraft-measured 1 Hz time series of vertical velocity obtained during radial penetrations of four mature hurricanes.
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Record ID:71/89

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kaplan, J., W.M. Frank
Title:The large-scale inflow-layer structure of hurricane Frederic (1979)
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3-20
Abstract:Aircraft, rawinsonde, satellite, ship, and buoy data collected over a 40-h period were composited to analyze the inflow-layer structure of Hurricane Frederic (1979)
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Record ID:71/90

Date:01/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Keenan, T.D., L.R. Bordy
Title:Synoptic-scale modulation of convection during the Australian summer monsoon
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 71-85
Abstract:Time-longitude representations of Japanese Geostationary Meteorology Satellite infrared imagery indicate the existence of major synoptic-scale banding
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Record ID:71/91

Date:12/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kurihara, Y., M. Kawase
Title:Comment - an interpretation of Kurihard and Kawase's two-dimensional tropical-cyclone development model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 3284-3286
Abstract:None
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Record ID:71/92

Date:08/01/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kurihara, Y., R.E. Tuleya
Title:A numerical simulation study on the genesis of a tropical storm
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1629-1653
Abstract:The genesis of a tropical storm is studied using a numerical simulation modle
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Record ID:71/93

Date:04/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lander, M.A.
Title:An exploratory analysis of the relationship between tropical storm formation in the Western North Pacific and ENSO
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 636-651
Abstract:El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-related variations in the observed character (e.g., annual storm totals, preferred genesis regions, etc.) of the tropical cyclone activity in the North Pacific are sought
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Record ID:71/94

Date:05/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lawrence, M.B.
Title:Eastern North Pacific hurricane season of 1989
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1186-1193
Abstract:The 1989 eastern Pacific hurricane season is summarized
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Record ID:71/95

Date:07/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lord, S.J., J.L. Franklin
Title:The environment of hurricane Debby (1982), Part II: Thermodynamic fields
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1444-1459
Abstract:A three-dimensional analysis of temperature and relative humidity in the environment of Hurricane Debby (1982) has been completed
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Record ID:71/96

Date:12/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Leslie, L.M., G.J. Holland, A.H. Lynch
Title:Australian east-coast cyclones. Part II: Numerical modeling study
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3037-3053
Abstract:A series of numerical modeling simulations are made of the type 2 east-coast cyclone described n Holland et al.
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Record ID:71/97

Date:09/15/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Liebmann, B.
Title:Observed relationships between large-scale tropical convection and the tropical circulation on subseasonal time scales durng Northen Hemisphere winter
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2543-2561
Abstract:Correlations are calculated from six years of 5-day averaged data for the December-February season
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Record ID:71/98

Date:04/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lord, S.J., J.M. Lord
Title:Vertical velocity structures in an axisymmetric, non-hydrostatic tropical cyclone modle
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1453-1461
Abstract:A statistical analysis of several experiments with different microphysical parameterizations in an axisymmetric, nonhydrostatic tropical cyclone model
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Record ID:71/99

Date:11/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lord, S., J.L. Franklin
Title:The environment of Hurricane Debby (1982). Part I: Winds
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2760-2780
Abstract:A three-dimensional, nested analysis of wind fields in the environment of Hurricane Debby 91982), has been completed.
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Record ID:71/100

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Machado, L.A.T., W.B. Rossow
Title:Structural characteristics and radiative properties of tropical cloud clusters
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3234-3260
Abstract:By identifying individual tropical cloud clusters in eight months of the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project data
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Record ID:71/101

Date:06/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Marks, F.D., Jr., R.A. Houze, Jr., J.F. Gamache
Title:Dual-aircraft investigation of the inner core of Hurricane Norbert. Part I: Kinematic structure
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 919-942
Abstract:On 24-25 September 1984 air motions and physical processes in the eyewall region of Hurricane Norbert were investigated with two National Oceanic and Atmospheric
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Record ID:71/102

Date:06/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mathur, M.B.
Title:The National Meteorological Center's quasi-Lagrangian model for hurricane prediction
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1419-1447
Abstract:A description is presented of the National Meteorological Center's quasi-Lagrangian Model (QLM), which is used for operational hurricane prediction.
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Record ID:71/103

Date:11/1/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mathur, M.B., H.S. Bedi, T.N. Krishnamurti, M. Kanamitsu, J.S. Woolen
Title:Use of satellite-derived rainfall for improving tropical forecasts.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2540-2560
Abstract:Sparsity of conventional data over tropical oceans makes it difficult to analyze well the moisture and divergence fields, and therefore the diabatic forcing of the tropical atmosphere is well predicted in numerical models.
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Record ID:71/104

Date:6/1/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:McBride, J.L.
Title:Observational analysis of tropical cyclone formation. Part I: Basic description of data sets.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 6, 1117-1131
Abstract:Twelve composite data sets are constructed from rawinsonde data in the tropical northwest Pacific and tropical northwest Atlantic oceans.
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Record ID:71/105

Date:6/1/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:McBride, J.L.
Title:Observational analysis of tropical cyclone formation. Part III: Budget analysis.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1152-1166
Abstract:Vertically integrated budgets of moisture, heat, angular momentum and kinetic energy are calculated from the composite data sets of Part I.
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Record ID:71/106

Date:12/1/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:McBride, J.L., H.E. Willoughby
Title:Comment - An interpretation of Kurihara and Kawase's two-dimensional tropical cyclone development model.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 3279-3283
Abstract:This comment presents a detailed examination of the published model results of Kurihara and Kawase in an attempt to clarify the role of wave-CISK in the development of tropical cyclones.
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Record ID:71/107

Date:6/1/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:McBride, J.L., R. Zehr
Title:Observational analysis of tropical cyclone formation. Part II: Comparison of non-developing versus developing systems.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1132-1151
Abstract:The thermodynamic and dynamic fields surrounding the composite tropical weather systems described in Part I are examined for differences between non-developing and developing systems.
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Record ID:71/108

Date:6/1/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Merrill, R.T.
Title:Characteristics of the upper-tropospheric environmental flow around hurricanes.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1665-1677
Abstract:The upper-tropospheric flow out to a radius of 2000 km around Atlantic hurricanes is described using rotated coordinate composite analysis of the NOAA National Hurricane Center operational wind set.
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Record ID:71/109

Date:6/1/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Merrill, R.T.
Title:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1678-1687
Publication:Environmental influences on hurricane intensification.
Abstract:Although driven by internal processes, hurricanes are also regulated by conditions in their oceanic and atmospheric surroundings.
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Record ID:71/110

Date:1/1/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Miller, R.A., W.M. Frank
Title:Radiative forcing of simulated tropical cloud clusters.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2, 482-498
Abstract:A number of field experiments and subsequent studies in the 1970s and 1980s have led to the belief that radiative processes play a more significant role in the evolution of tropical mesoscale convective systems than was once thought.
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Record ID:71/111

Date:12/15/1985
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Molinari, J., S. Skubis
Title:Evolution of the surface wind field in an intensifying tropical cyclone.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2865-2879
Abstract:The surface wind field in a developing tropical cyclone (Agnes, 1972) was analyzed ove a 1660 km radius for four days using conventional surface data, as the storm evolved from a disorganized depression to a hurricane.
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Record ID:71/112

Date:04/15/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Molinari, J., D. Vollaro
Title:External Influences on hurricane intensity. Part I: Outflow layer eddy angular momentum fluxes
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1093-1105
Abstract:Outflow layer winds were objectively analyzed every 12 h for 6 days during the life cycle of Hurricane Elena
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Record ID:71/113

Date:08/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Molinari, J., D. Vollaro
Title:External influences on hurricane intensity. Part II: Vertical structure and response of the hurricane vortex
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1902-1918
Abstract:The vertical structure of the interaction of Hurricane Elena (1985) with a baroclinic wave was evaluated using analyses from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting
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Record ID:71/114

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Molinari, J., D. Vollaro, S. Skubis
Title:Application of the Eliassen balanced model to real-data tropical cyclones.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2409-2419
Abstract:The Eliassen balanced vortex model assumes gradient balance of the azimuthal mean flow
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Record ID:71/115

Date:03/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Pedigo, C.B., D.G. Vincent
Title:Tropical precipitation rates during SOP-1, RGGE, Estimated from heat and moisture budgets
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 542-557
Abstract:This study presents global estimates of precipitation rates from 30 deg N to 30 deg S, derivef from the 'apparent' heat source
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Record ID:71/116

Date:04/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Powell, M.D.
Title:Boundary layer structure and dynamics in outer huricane rainbands. Part II: Downdraft modification and mixed layer recovery
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 918-938
Abstract:Recent aircraft boundary layer measurements in the vicinity of principal hurricane rainbands have confirmed that convective downdrafts are capable of transporting cool, dry, low equivalent
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Record ID:71/117

Date:04/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Powell, M.D.
Title:Boundary layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part I: Mesoscale rainfall and kinematic structure
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 891-917
Abstract:Results of hurricane boundary layer experiments conducted in outer rainbands of Hurricanes Josephine (1984) and Earl (1986) are presented
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Record ID:71/118

Date:09/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Puri, K., M.J. Miller
Title:Sensitivity of ECMWF analyses-forecasts of tropical cyclones to cumulus parameterization
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1709-1741
Abstract:The sensitivity of the ECMWF analysis-forcast system for four tropical cyclones during the period spanned by the Australian Monsoon Experiment to cumulus parameterization and model resolution is presented
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Record ID:71/119

Date:10/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Reeder, M.J., R.K. Smith, S.J. Lord
Title:Reply
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2398-2400
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:71/120

Date:03/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Reeder, M., R.K. Smith, S.J. Lord
Title:The detection of flow asymmetries in the tropical cyclone environment
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 848-854
Abstract:Data from a numerical simulation of a moving barotropic vortex on a sphere with 10-km resolution are used to assess the ability of a state-of-the-art objective analysis scheme
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Record ID:71/121

Date:09/01/1979
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Reeves, R.W., C.F. Ropelewski, M.D. Hudlow
Title:Relationships between large-scale motion and convective precipitation during GATE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1154-1168
Abstract:Upper air and surface data from the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) are used to examine the interrelationships between convective-scale precipitation and the larger scale wind field.
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Record ID:71/122

Date:07/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rodgers, E., J. Stout, J. Steranka, S. Chang
Title:Reply
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 30, 1049
Abstract:None
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Record ID:71/123

Date:08/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rogers, E.B., S.W. Chang, J. Stout, J. Steranka, J.J. Shi
Title:Satellite observations of variations in tropical cyclone convection caused by upper-tropospheric troughs
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 30, 1163-1184
Abstract:The mutual adjustment between upper-tropospheric troughs and the structure of western Atlantic tropical cyclones Florence (1988) and Irene (1981) are analyzed using satellite and in situ data
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Record ID:71/124

Date:02/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Roelewski, C.F., A. Robcock, M. Matson
Title:Comments on 'An apparent relationship between Eurasian spring snow cover and the advance period of the Indian summer monsoon
Publication:J. Clim. Appl. Met., 23, 341-342
Abstract:None
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Record ID:71/125

Date:03/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Ryan, B.F., G.M. Barnes, E.J. Zipser
Title:A wide ranband in a developing tropical cyclone
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 431-447
Abstract:On 18 January 1987 the three aircraft from the Equatorial Mesoscale Experiment (EMEXj) completed a mission designed to identify the mesoscale reflectivity, kinematic, and thermodynamic structure of
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Record ID:71/126

Date:05/01/1980
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sanders, F., A.L. Adams, N.J.B. Gordon, W.D. Jensen
Title:Further development of a barotropic operational model for predicting paths of tropical storms
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 642-654
Abstract:To enable use of aircraft winds and satellite cloud-motion vectors in the SANBAR model for prediction of tropical storm tracks, we have derived regression
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Record ID:71/127

Date:06/01/1985
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Schubert, W.H., M. DeMaria
Title:Axisymmetric, primitive equation, spectral tropical cyclone model. Part I: Formulation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1213-1224
Abstract:Beginning with the nine nonlinear governing equaitons for the simplest three-layer, axisymmetric, primitive equation, tropical cyclone model, we first introduce a vertical transform which decoupled the linear part of the dynamics into three sets
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Record ID:71/128

Date:08/01/1983
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Shapiro, L.J.
Title:The aximmetric boundary layer flow under a translating hurricane
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1999-2009
Abstract:An investigation is made of the role of the translation of a hurricane in determining the distribution of boundary layer winds and in the organization of convection
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Record ID:71/129

Date:01/15/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Shapiro, L.J.
Title:Hurricane vortex motion and evolution in a three-layer model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 140-153
Abstract:A three-layer multinested numerical model is used to evaluate the asymmetric evolution of a hurricane and its interaction with the large-scale environment
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Record ID:71/130

Date:04/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sinclair, M.R.
Title:Symoptic-scale diagnosis of the extratropical transition of a southwest Pacific tropical cyclone
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 941-960
Abstract:This is the first of two case studies on the transformation of tropical storms in the southwest Pacific
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Record ID:71/131

Date:09/01/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Smith, R.K.
Title:The cyclostrophic adjustment of vortices with applicaiton to tropical cyclone modification
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2021-2030
Abstract:The cyclostrophic and hydrostatic adjustment of simple one-layer and multilayer vortex flows to the local removal and/or redistribution of mass and angular momentum are studies, and a detailed
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Record ID:71/132

Date:08/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Smith, R.K., W. Ulrich
Title:An analytical theory of tropical cyclone motion using a barotropic model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1973-1986
Abstract:An analytical theory is presented for the motion of an initially symmetric barotropic vortex on a beta-plane at rest, the prototype problem in the theory of tropical cyclone motion
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Record ID:71/133

Date:03/15/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Soong, S.T., W.K. Tao
Title:A numerical study of the vertical transport of momentum in a tropical rainband
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1049-1061
Abstract:The vertical transport of horizontal momentum in a convective tropical rainband is studied using a two-dimensional cloud ensemble model
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Record ID:71/134

Date:10/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Staley, D.O.
Title:Comment on 'Tropopause undulation and the development of extratropical cyclones. Part II: Diagnostic analysis and conceptual model'
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2401
Abstract:None
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Record ID:71/135

Date:10/01/1985
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sud, Y.C., W.E. Smith
Title:Influence of local land-surface processes on the Idian Monsoon: A numerical study
Publication:J. Clim. Appl. Met., 24, 1015-1036
Abstract:Twelve July integrations were made with the GLAS (Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheres) GCM (General Circulation Model) to investigate the influence of changes in the land-surface fluxes
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Record ID:71/136

Date:08/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Sui, C.H., M. Yanai
Title:Cumulus ensemble effects on the large-scale vorticity and momentum fields of GATE. Part I: Observational evidence 1986
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1618-1642
Abstract:The relationship between the residual of the large-scale vorticity budget, Z, and the organized cumulus convection is studied using the data taken during Phase III of GARP
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Record ID:71/137

Date:01/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tuleya, R.E.
Title:A numerical study of the genesis of tropical storms observed during the FGGE year
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1188-1208
Abstract:This study utilizes the First GARP Global Experiments analyzed dataset and a relatively fine scale regional model in comination to investigate the
Location:6
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Record ID:71/138

Date:03/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tuleya, R.E.
Title:Sensitivity studies of tropical storm genesis using a numerical model
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 721-733
Abstract:This study investigates two cases of the FGGE III-B tropical cyclone gensis study of Tuleya (1988) in more detail
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Record ID:71/139

Date:12/01/1982
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tuleya, R.E., Y. Kurihara
Title:A note on the sea surface temperature senesitivity of a numerical model of tropical storm genesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 2063-2069
Abstract:In a three-dimensional numerical model of a tropical disturbance, a spectrum of development stages, from a weakening wave to a mature storm, was obtained with a 5 K range (298 to 303 K) sea surface
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Record ID:71/140

Date:03/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wang, J., D.A. Randall
Title:The moist available energy of a conditionally unstable atmosphere. Part II: Further analysis of GATE data
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 703-710
Abstract:The generalized convective available potential energy (GCAPE) observed during GATE has been analyzed using the Lagrangian algorithm of Lorenze, as modified by Randall and Wang
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Record ID:71/141

Date:02/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Warner, C., D.P. McNamara
Title:Aircraft measurements of convective draft cores in MONEX
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 430-438
Abstract:Refinements have been made to a standard procedures for calculating vertical air velocities from parameters measured routinely during flights by the
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Record ID:71/142

Date:07/01/1980
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Webster, P.J., G.L. Stephens
Title:Tropical upper-tropspheric extended clouds: Inferences from winter MONEX
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1521-1541
Abstract:The most common cloud species observed duirng the Winter Monsoon Experiment (WMONEX) was thick (otpically black) middle and upper trospheric extended cloud
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Record ID:71/143

Date:07/01/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wiggert, V., G.J. Lockettt
Title:Radar rainshower growth histories and variations with wind speed, echo motion, location and merger status
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1467-1494
Abstract:Data from rainshowers observed by the WSR-57 radar at the NOAA National Hurricane Center in Miami were tape-recorded duirng three recent summers as part of the Florida Area Cumulus Experiment (FACE)
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Record ID:71/144

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Williams, E., N. Renno
Title:An analysis of the conditional instability of the tropical atmosphere
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 21-36
Abstract:The ice phase is included in thermodynamic calculations of convective available potential energy (CAPE) for a large number of soundings in the tropical atmosphere, at both land and ocean stations
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Record ID:71/145

Date:04/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Willoughby, H.E., H.L. Jin, S.J. Lord, J.M. Piotrowicz
Title:Hurricane structure and evolution as simulated by an axisymmetric, nonhydrostatic numerical model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1169-1186
Abstract:This paper reports numerical simulations of the hurricane vortex by an axisymmetric, nonhydrostatic numerical model with 2 km maximum horizontal resolution
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Record ID:71/146

Date:01/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Willoughby, H.E., F. Marks, R. Feinberg
Title:Stationsary and moving convective bands in hurricanes
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 3189-3211
Abstract:Aircraft observations in hirricanes indicate that the hurricane vortex may be subdivided into an inner gyre where the air trajectories form closed paths and an outer enveloped where they do not
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Record ID:71/147

Date:12/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Xie, S.P., A. Kubokawa, K. Hanawa
Title:Evaporation-wind feedback and the organizing of tropical convection on the planetary scale. Part I: Quasi-linear instability
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3873-3883
Abstract:Recent GCM experiments have suggested the existence of a zonal wavenumber on convective mode in the aqua-planet atmosphere
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Record ID:71/148

Date:12/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Xie, S.P., A. Kubokawa, K. Hanawa
Title:Evaporation-wind feedback and the organizing of tropical convection on the planetary scale. Part II: Nonlinear evolution
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3884-3893
Abstract:The nonlinear evolution of the quasi-linear (QL) evaporation-wind feedback (EWFB) instability obtained in Part I of the study
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Record ID:71/149

Date:12/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Yeh, T.C., R.L. Elsberry
Title:Interaction of typhoons with the Taiwan orogrpahy. Part I: Upstream track deflection
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3193-3212
Abstract:A combined observational and numericla modeling approach is used to study the upstream track deflections of westeward-moving tropical
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Record ID:71/150

Date:12/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Yeh, T.C., R.L. Elsberry
Title:Interaction of typhoons with the Taiwan orography. Part II: Continuous and ciscontinuous track s across the island
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3213-3233
Abstract:Numerical model simulations of west-moving tropical cyclones approaching and crossing the Taiwan orogrpahy are shown
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Record ID:71/151

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Keenan, T.D., B.R. Morton, X.S. Zhang, K. Nyguen
Title:Some characteristics of thunderstorms over Bathurst and Melville Islands near Darwin, Australia
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 116, 1153-1172
Abstract:A study defining the occurrence, structure and evolution of 'maritime continent' island thunderstorms over Bathurst and Melville, Islands near Darwin, Australia is presented
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Record ID:71/152

Date:06/01/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Chen, C.S., Y.O.E. Chan
Title:On the formation of cloud and precipitation systems in Taiwan during TAMEX IOP #11
Publication:TAO, 5, 137-168
Abstract:Mounains can provide heat and moisture to the atmosphere and act as a barrier to the prevailing wind
Location:7
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Record ID:71/153

Date:01/01/1979
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Hurricanes: their formation, structure and likely role in the tropical circlation
Publication:Meteorology over the Tropical Oceans, Shaw, Editor, Royal Met. Soc., 155-218
Abstract:This paper discusses tropical cyclone frequency from a global point of view
Location:7
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Record ID:71/154

Date:09/02/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hendon, H.H., K. Woodberry
Title:The diurnal cycle of tropical convection
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 98, 16,623-16,637
Abstract:The diurnal cycle of tropical convection is investigated with global cloud imagery constructed from 11 \mum radiance measuremnents taken aboard six satellites
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Record ID:71/155

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Holland, G.J., G.S. Dietachmayer
Title:On the interaction of torpical-cyclone-scale vortices. III: Continuous barotropic vortices
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 1381-1398
Abstract:The interaction of cyclonic vortices in spherical geometry is investigated using a shallow-water model on an adaptive grid
Location:7
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Record ID:71/156

Date:02/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H., Z. Wang, J. Bresch
Title:Heat and moisture budgets over China duirng the early summer monsoon
Publication:J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 71, 137-152
Abstract:Synoptic sounding and surface data are used to calculate heat sources and moisture sinks over china during the pre-Meiyu and Meiyu periods of 1987, 1988 and 1989
Location:7
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Record ID:71/157

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lazic, L.
Title:Eta model forecasts of tropical cyclones from Australian monsoon experiment: Dynamical adjustment of initial conditions
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 52, 101-111
Abstract:The University of Belgrade/National Meteorological Centre, Washington (UB/NMC) limited area Eta model predicted the development, structure, associated precipitation and tracks of the Australian Monsoon Experiment (AMEX)
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Record ID:71/158

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Pfeffer, R.L., M. Challa
Title:Model hurricane formation in the presence of a basic state current
Publication:Atmosfera, 6, 25-37
Abstract:Numerical simulations with the Naval Research Laboratory limited area model were performed using initial conditions derived from gridded analyses of the Colorado State University
Location:7
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Record ID:71/159

Date:01/15/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Montgomery, M.T., B.F. Farrell
Title:Tropical cyclone formation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 285-310
Abstract:The physics of tropical cyclone formation is not well understood, and more is known about the mature hurricane than the formative mechanisms that produce it
Location:7
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Record ID:71/160

Date:01/15/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Montgomery, M.T., B.F. Farrell
Title:Tropical cyclone formation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 285-310
Abstract:The physics of tropical cyclone formation is not well understood, and more is known about the mature hurricane than the formative mechanisms that produce it
Location:7
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Record ID:71/161

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Ritchie, E.A., G.J. Holland
Title:On the interaction of tropical-cyclone-scale vortices. II: discrete vortex patches
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 1363-1379
Abstract:The interaction of vortex patches in relation to the observed scale and features reported in Part I of this paper is investigated
Location:7
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Record ID:71/162

Date:08/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rodgers, E.B., S.W. Chang, J. Stout, J. Steranka, J.J. Shi
Title:Satellite observations of variations in tropical cyclone convection caused by upper-tropospheric troughs
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 30, 1163-1184
Abstract:The mutual adjustment between upper-trospheric troughs and the structure of western Atalntic Tropical Cyclones Florence (1988 and Irene (1981) are analyzed using satellite and in situ data
Location:7
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Record ID:71/163

Date:01/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zehnder, J.A., R.L. Gall
Title:Alternative mechanisms of tropical cyclone formation in the Eastern North Pacific
Publication:Atmosfera, 4, 37-51
Abstract:It has been known for some time that the subtropical Eastern North Pacific Ocean, just west of the coast of Mesico, experiences a high incidence of tropical cyclone formation
Location:7
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Record ID:71/164

Date:01/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tripoli, G.J.
Title:An explicit three-dimensional nonhydrostatic numerical simulation of a tropical cyclone
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys, 49, 229-254
Abstract:A nonydrostatic numerical simulation of a tropical cyclone is performed with explicit representation of cumlus on a meso-beta scale grid and for a brief period on a meso-alpha scale grid
Location:7
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Record ID:71/165

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Baik, J.J.
Title:Tropical cyclone simulations with the Betts convective adjustment scheme
Publication:Ph.D. dissertation, North Carolina State University, Dept. Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract:A new convective adjustment scheme proposed by Betts (1986) in incorporated into a tropical cyclone model
Location:6
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Record ID:71/166

Date:03/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Baik, J.J., M. DeMaria, S. Raman
Title:Tropical cyclone simulations with the Betts convective adjustment scheme. Part I: Model description and control simulation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 513-528
Abstract:A new convective parameterization scheme proposed by Betts is tested in a tropical cyclone model
Location:6
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Record ID:71/167

Date:03/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Baik, J.J., M. DeMaria, S. Raman
Title:Tropical cyclone simulations with the Betts convective adjustmant scheme. Part I: Model description and control simulation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 513-528
Abstract:A new convective parameterization scheme proposed by Betts is tested in a tropical cyclone model
Location:6
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Record ID:71/168

Date:03/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Baik, J.J., M. DeMaria, S. Raman
Title:Tropical cyclone simulations with the Betts convective adjustment scheme. Part II: Sensitivity experiments
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 529-541
Abstract:Extensive sensitivity experiments with an axisymmetric tropical model that includes the Betts convective parameterization scheme are carried out
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Record ID:71/169

Date:03/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Betts, A.K., J. Simpson
Title:Thermodynamic budget diagrams for the hurricane subcloud layer
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 842-849
Abstract:We reexamine the idealized hurricane boundary layer budget from Malkus and Riehl using vector diagrams for the thermodynamic budgets in the light of recent observational studies
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Record ID:71/170

Date:09/22/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Black, P.G., F.D. Marks, Jr., R.A. Black
Title:Supercell structure in tropical cyclones
Publication:23rd Conf. on Radar Meteorology and Conf. on Cloud Physics, 22-26 Sept 1986, Snowmass, CoO
Abstract:Intense convective bursts, or supercells, ocassionally occur within the inner core of tropical cyclones (TC's) which dramatically alter their structure and intensity
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Record ID:71/171

Date:02/01/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Case, B.
Title:Hurricanes: Strong storms out of Africa
Publication:Weatherwise, Feb. 1990, 23-29
Abstract:The 1989 hurricane season began where the 1988 season ended, producing large, strong, Cape-Verde-type hurricanes
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Record ID:71/172

Date:06/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Cheng, M.D., M. Yanai
Title:Effects of downdrafts and mesoscale convective organization on the heat and moisture budgets of tropical cloud clusters. Part III: Effects of mesoscale convective organization
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1566-1588
Abstract:The effects of mesoscale convective organization on the large-scale moisture budgets of tropical cloud clusters are studied using the GATE Phase III data
Location:6
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Record ID:71/173

Date:01/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Dastoor, A., T.N. Krishnamurti
Title:The landfall and structure of a tropical cyclone: The sensitivity of model predictions to soil moisture parameterizations
Publication:Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 55, 345-380
Abstract:A regional mesoscale multi-level primitive equation model is used to predict the landfall and structure of a tropical cyclone
Location:6
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Record ID:71/174

Date:01/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Dudhia, J., M.W. Moncrieff
Title:A numerical simulation of quasi-stationary tropical convective bands
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 113, 929-967
Abstract:A metod of imposing large-scale ascent on a three-dimensional numerical model is introduced and this is shown to be crucial in maintaining the quasi-stationary convective bands observed in GATE
Location:6
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Record ID:71/175

Date:04/02/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:The dependence of hurricane intensity on climate
Publication:Nature, 326, 483-485
Abstract:Tropical cyclones rank with earthquakes as the major geophysical causes of loss of life and property
Location:6
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Record ID:71/176

Date:11/15/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:The finite-amplitude nature of tropical cyclogenesis
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3431-3456
Abstract:We have constructed a simple, balanced, axisymmetric model as a means of understanding the existence of the threshold amplitude for tropical cyclogenesis discovered by Rotunno and Emanuel
Location:6
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Record ID:71/177

Date:09/03/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Environmental influences on tropical cyclones
Publication:Aust. Met. Mag., 36, 127-139
Abstract:A general discussion of the role that environmental procesess play on tropical cyclone frequency, structure and behaviour is given
Location:6
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Record ID:71/178

Date:05/26/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Forecast of Atlantic seasonal hurricane activity for 1988
Publication:Colorado State Univ., Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 39 pp
Abstract:This paper discusses the author's forecast of the amount of tropical cyclone activity which might be expected to occur in the Atlantic Ocean region (including the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico) in 1988
Location:6
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Record ID:71/179

Date:09/14/1990
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Strong association between west African rainfall and U.S. landfall of intense hurricanes
Publication:Science, 249, 1251-1256
Abstract:Intense hurricanes occurred much more frequently during the period spanning the later 1940s through the later 1960s than during the 1970s and 1980s
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Record ID:71/180

Date:03/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Heckley, W.A., M.J. Miller, A.K. Betts
Title:An example of hurricane tracking and forecasting with a global analysis-forecasting system
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 68, 226-229
Abstract:The tracking of Hurricane Elena by the ECMWF operational analysis system is compared with reported positions from reconnaissance aircraft and coastal radar
Location:6
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Record ID:71/181

Date:02/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H.
Title:Heat and moisture sources and sinks of Asian monsoon precipitating systems
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 70, 353-372
Abstract:The strcuture and properties of heat and moisture sources and sinks of the Asian monsoon are reviewed
Location:6
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Record ID:71/182

Date:10/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Krishnamurti, T.N., D. Oosterhof
Title:Prediction of the life cycle of a supertyphoon with a high-resolution global model
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 70, 1218-1230
Abstract:The life cycle of supertyphoon Hope (1979) for a tropical depression stage to intensification and its eventual weakening after landfall, some 6 days later, is followed in a real-data numerical prediction experiment
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Record ID:71/183

Date:11/15/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lafore, J.P., J.L. Redelsperger, G. Jaubert
Title:Comparison between a three-dimensional simulation and doppler radar dat of a tropical squall line: Transports of mass, momentum, heat, and moisture
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3483-3500
Abstract:Results from a detailed three-dimensional cloud model are extensively compared with Doppler radar data in the case of a fast-moving tropical squall line, observed during the COPT81 experiment
Location:6
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Record ID:71/184

Date:06/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Marks, F.D., Jr., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Airborne Doppler radar observations in Hurricane Debby
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 65, 569-582
Abstract:A pulse-Doppler radar on board a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) WP-3D research aircraft has been used to map the wind field in the vicinity of the developing eyewall of Hurricane Debby, which occurred in 1982
Location:6
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Record ID:71/185

Date:12/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Nakazawa, T.
Title:Tropical super clusters within intraseasonal variations over the Western Pccific
Publication:J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 66, 823-839
Abstract:The fine structure of super clusters was analyzed using the 3-hourly Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS) Infrared (IR) data.
Location:6
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Record ID:71/186

Date:06/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sui, C.H., M.D. Cheng, X. Wu, M. Yanai
Title:Cumulus ensemble effects on the large-scale vorticity and momentum fields of GATE. Part II: Parameterization
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1609-1629
Abstract:A parameterization of cumulus ensemble effects on the large-scale vorticity is tests to interpret the vorticity budget residual, A, observed during Phase III of GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE)
Location:6
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Record ID:71/187

Date:01/15/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tai, K.S., Y. Ogura
Title:An observational study of easterly waves over the Eastern Pacific in the northern summer using FGGE data
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 339-361
Abstract:FGGE level III-b data provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and the outgoing longwave radiation data measured by satellites are used to investigate observationally relationships between deep cloud activity and large-scale meteorological fields
Location:6
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Record ID:71/188

Date:01/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Willoughby, H.E.
Title:The dynamics of the tropical cyclone core
Publication:Aust. Met. Mag., 36, 183-191
Abstract:The core of a tropical cyclone occupies the inner 100-200 km of the vortex
Location:6
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Record ID:71/189

Date:08/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Yamasaki, M.
Title:Numerical experiment of tropical cyclone formation in the intertropical convergence zone
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 67, 529-539
Abstract:Employing an implicit representation scheme for cumulus convection (Yamasaki, 1986), numerical experiments are performed to study tropical cyclone formation in the intertropical convergence zone
Location:6
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Record ID:71/190

Date:01/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Yamasaki, M.
Title:Towards an understanding of the interaction between convection and the larger-scale in the tropics
Publication:Aust. Met. Mag, 36, 171-182
Abstract:Some aspects of the interaction of moist convection with the large-scale motions in the tropicas are reviewed, primarily based on studies with numerical models (as well as observational studies)
Location:6
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Record ID:71/191

Date:07/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Yamasaki, M.
Title:A study of tropical cyclone motion with a nested-grid model including rainwater prediction
Publication:Papers in Met. Geophys., 43, 61-77
Abstract:Numerical experiments of tropical cylone motion are performed with the use of a triply-nested grid model which has been developed primarily for the study of tropicalcyclones
Location:6
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Record ID:71/192

Date:01/01/1991
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zehnder, J.A., R.L. Gall
Title:On the mechanism for orographic triggering of tropical cyclones in the Eastern North Pacific
Publication:Tellus, 43A, 25-36
Abstract:It has been observed that the subtropical Eastern Pacific Ocean, just west of the Sierra Madre Mountains in central Mexico, is a favored location for the initiation of tropical cyclones
Location:6
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Record ID:71/193

Date:07/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zehr, R.M.
Title:Tropical cyclogenesis in the Western North Pacific
Publication:NOAA Tech. Report NESDIS 61, NOAA, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Washington, DC., 181 pp.
Abstract:Tropical cyclogensis in the western North Pacific is typically characterized by an early convective maximum which precedes the initial appearance of a tropical depression
Location:6
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Record ID:71/194

Date:12/1/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Harr, P.A., R.L. Elsberry, J.C.L. Chan
Title:Transformation of a large monsoon depression to a tropical storm during TCM-93.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 12, 2625-2643
Abstract:Data obtained during two aircraft observing periods from the TCM-93 mini field experiment are used to describe the transformation between 5 degrees and 10 degrees North of a large depression in the western North Pacific monsoon trough into a tropical cyclone over a 36-h period.
Location:Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:71/195

Date:12/1/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wang, Y., W.-K. Tao, J. Simpson
Title:The impact of ocean surface fluxes on a TOGA COARE convective system.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 12, 2753-2763
Abstract:A two-dimensional cloud-resolving model is linked with a TOGA COARE flux algorithm to examine the impact of the ocean surface fluxes on the development of a tropical squall line and its associated precipitation processes.
Location:7
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Record ID:71/196

Date:11/15/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lin, X., R.H. Johnson
Title:Heating, moistening, and rainfall over the western Pacific warm pool during TOGA COARE.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 22, 3367-3383
Abstract:Rawinsonde, surface, and satellite data collected from TOGA COARE are used to investigate the distrubutions of heating, moistening, precipitation, and evaporation over the western Pacific warm pool.
Location:Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:71/197

Date:2/1/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kikuchi, O., H. Uyeda
Title:Doppler radar observations on the structure and characteristics of tropical clouds during the TOGA-COARE IOP in Manus, Papua New Guinea -- Characteristics of cloud clusters analyzed with Doppler radar and GMS-IR data.
Publication:J. of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series VII (Geophysics), Vol. 10., No. 1, 107-133.
Abstract:Two characteristic cloud clusters during the observation period of TOGA-COARE IOP in Manus were chosen for analyses.
Location:7
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Record ID:71/198

Date:05/15/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Acerkman, T.P., K.N. Liou, F.P.J. Valero, L. Pfister
Title:Heating rates in tropical anvils
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1606-1623
Abstract:The interaction of infrared and solar radiation with tropical cirrus anvils is addressed
Location:5
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Record ID:71/199

Date:02/15/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Anderson, J.R., D.E. Stevens
Title:The response of the tropical atmosphere to low frequency thermal forcing
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 676-686
Abstract:The tropical response to a localized thermal forcing with approximately 45-day period is investigated for several models of increasing complexity
Location:5
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Record ID:71/200

Date:12/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Anderson, J.R., D.E. Stevens, P.R. Julian
Title:Temporal variations of the tropical 40-50 day oscillation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 2431-2438
Abstract:In recent years there has been a great deal of interest in a quasi-periodic tropical oscillation of zonal winds, which was first reported by madden and Julian
Location:5
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Record ID:71/201

Date:03/01/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Cadet, D., H. Ovarlez, G. Sommeria
Title:The BALSAMINE Experiment during the Summer MONEX
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 62, 381-388
Abstract:An occasional series reporting on U.S. and international GARP scientific, technical, and planning activities, developments, and programs, present as a public service to the meteorological community by
Location:5
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Record ID:71/202

Date:09/15/1985
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Frank, W.M., C. Cohen
Title:Properties of tropical cloud ensembles estimated using a cloud model and an observed updraft population
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1911-1928
Abstract:This is the first of two papers on Atlantic seasonal hurricane frequency. In this paper, seasonal hurricane frequency as related to El Nino events during 1900-82
Location:5
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Record ID:71/203

Date:09/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Atlantic seasonal hurricane frequency. Part II: Forecasting its variability
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 1669-1683
Abstract:This is the second of two papers on Atlantic seasonal hurricane activity. It is an estension of Part I, which discussed the association of El Nino and the phases of the stratopsheric Quasi-Beinnial
Location:5
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Record ID:71/204

Date:04/07/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Background information for assessment of expected Atlantic hurricane activity for 1989
Publication:11th Annual National Hurricane Conf., Miami, FL, April 7, 1989
Abstract:This paper gives background information on the topics which the author will present to the Eleventh Annual Hurricane Conference in Maimi, FL on 7 April 1989
Location:5
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Record ID:71/205

Date:12/01/1980
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hack, J.J., W.H. Schubert
Title:The role of convective-scale processes in tropical cyclone development
Publication:Colorado State Univ., Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Paper No. 330, Fort Collins, CO 80523,206 pp
Abstract:An eighteen level axisymmetric primitive equation tropical cyclone model which incorporates the Arakawa-Schubert (1974) spectral cumulus parameterization is presented
Location:5
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Record ID:71/206

Date:09/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:He, H., J.W. Mcginnis, Z. Song, M. Yanai
Title:Onset of the Asian summer monsoon in 1979 and the effect of the Tibetan Plateau
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1966-1995
Abstract:The time evolution of the general circulation over Asia during an 80-day period from mid-April to early July 1979 is studied using objectively analyzed FGGE Level II-b data
Location:5
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Record ID:71/207

Date:10/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H.
Title:Lower-tropospheric warming and drying in tropical mesoscale convective systems: Implications for the problem of cumulus parameterization
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 64, 721-726
Abstract:Observations from the International Winter Monsoon Experiment (Winter MONEX) have been used to determine temperature changes in the lower tropsphere beneath the stratiform components of tropical mesoscale convective systems
Location:5
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Record ID:71/208

Date:04/07/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H.
Title:Tropical and midlatitude squall line boundary layer wakes
Publication:Preprints, 17th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, April 7-10, 1987, Miami, FL.
Abstract:In this paper the structure and properties of the boundary layer wakes accompanying two squall lines in different regions of the world are compared and contrasted
Location:5
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Record ID:71/209

Date:10/01/1985
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kanamitsu, M.
Title:A study of the predictability of the ECMWF Operational Forecast Model in the tropics
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 63, 779-804
Abstract:The predictability of the operational ECMWF forecast model in the tropics has been studied using the archived data for 1983 and 9814
Location:5
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Record ID:71/210

Date:05/01/1982
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lee, C.S.
Title:Cumulus momentum transports in tropical cyclones
Publication:Colorado State Univ., Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Paper No. 341, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 78 pp
Abstract:The net influence of sub-grid or smaller unresolvable scale processes (which cannot be directly detected from convectional observations) on the tangential momentum field in tropical cyclones
Location:5
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Record ID:71/211

Date:05/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Luo, H., M. Yanai
Title:The large-scale circulation and heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas during the early summer of 1979. Part II: Heat and moisture budgets
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 866-989
Abstract:The large-scale heat and moisture budgets over the Tibetan and surrounding areas during a 40-day period from late May to early July 1979 are studied using the FGGE Level II-b data
Location:5
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Record ID:71/212

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:McBride, J.L., G.J. Holland
Title:The Australian Monsoon Experiment (AMEX): early results
Publication:Aust. Met. Mag., 37, 23-35
Abstract:The objectives of the Australian Monsoon Experiment (AMEX) were: a) to investigate the interactions between cumulonimbus convection and the Australian summer monsoon circulation; and b)
Location:5
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Record ID:71/213

Date:01/15/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Ogura, Y., Y.L. Chen
Title:Reply
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 308-309
Abstract:This reply addresses the comments offered by Lewis and Reed (1984, denoted as LR) on the work of Chen and Ogura (1982, denoted as CO).
Location:5
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Record ID:71/214

Date:01/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Peak, J.E., R.L. Elsberry
Title:Prediction of tropical cyclone turning and acceleration using empirical orthogonal function representations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 156-164
Abstract:Prediction of tropical cyclone motion in terms of cross-track (CT) and long-track (AT) components is proposed as an alternative to geographic (zonal and meridional) components
Location:5
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Record ID:71/215

Date:01/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Perrone, T.J., P.R. Lowe
Title:A statistically derived prediction procedure for tropical storm formation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 165-177
Abstract:A statistical forecasting experiment was performed to test the capability of predictors derived from observational data (analysis) fields at 950, 700, 500 and 200 mb to forecast tropical storm formation (genesis)
Location:5
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Record ID:71/216

Date:10/01/1985
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sakakibara, H., M. Ishihara, Z. Yanagisawa
Title:Structure of a typhoon rainstorm in the middle latitudes observed by Doppler radar
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 63, 901-922
Abstract:A rainstorm occurred over the central part of Japan (~36 deg N/140 deg E) within Typhoon 8124 (Gay) for 22-23 October 1981 and it was studied mainly using Doppler radar data.
Location:5
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Record ID:71/217

Date:09/01/1982
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Stevens, D.E.
Title:On symmetric stablity and instability of zonal mean flows near the equator
Publication:Colorado State Univ., Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Paper No. 356, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 55
Abstract:Observations of longitudinally-averaged zonal flows in the atmosphere and ocean tend to display north-south symmetry about the equator, with a characteristic wind maximum or minimum and therefore little hoirzontal wind shear locally near the equator
Location:5
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Record ID:71/218

Date:01/09/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sui, C.H., M. Yanai
Title:Vorticity budget of the GATE A/B area and its interpretation
Publication:Preprints, 15th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Jan. 9-13, 1984, Miami, FL, AMS, 465-472
Abstract:Organized cumulus clouds produce significant effects upon the large-scale momentum and vorticyt budgets of the tropical atmosphere
Location:5
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Record ID:71/219

Date:01/09/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Yanai, M., H. Luo
Title:Heat and moisture budgets over the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas during the onset of the 1979 summer monsoon
Publication:Preprints, 15th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Jan. 9-13, 1984, Miami, FL., AMS, 359-366
Abstract:The importance of the Tibetan Plateau (the Qinghai-Ziang Plateau) as an elevated heat source for the establishment and maintenance of the Asian summer monsoon circulation has been discussed by many authors
Location:5
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Record ID:71/220

Date:06/01/1980
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Ding, Y.H., E.R. Reiter
Title:A preliminary study of the variability in the frequency of typhoon formation over the west pacific Ocean
Publication:Environmental Research Papers No. 22, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Scicence, 21 pp
Abstract:Based on 30 years of typhoon data over the West Pcific Ocean and on monthly upper air wind data, we have studied some climatological aspects of the variability of typhoon formation frequency and its relationship to the tropical general circulation in the Asian monsoon region and the central and western Pacific
Location:4
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Record ID:71/221

Date:12/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Ding, Y.H., E.R. Reiter
Title:A further study of the variability in the frequency of typhoon formation over the west Pacific Ocean
Publication:Environmental Research Papers No. 27, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 23 pp
Abstract:This paper presents a further study of the variability in the frequency formation over the West Pacific Ocean, emphasizing the effects of the large-scale sea-air system on the activity of typhoons
Location:4
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Record ID:71/222

Date:12/01/1975
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:George, J.E., Capt.
Title:Tropical cyclone motion and surrounding parameter relationships
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 241, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 105 pp.
Abstract:Ten years of rawinsonde data for 30 stations in the Western North Pacific have been composited relative to topical cyclone center positions
Location:4
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Record ID:71/223

Date:01/01/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Recent advances in tropical cyclone research from rawinsonde composite analysis
Publication:WMO Programmer on Research in Tropical Meteorology, WMO Comission for Atmospheric Science, WMO,407 pp.
Abstract:This report is a compendium of observational information on tropical cyclones with express aim of providing background information to forecasters
Location:4
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Record ID:71/224

Date:02/01/1982
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M., E. Buzzell, G. Burton, Other project personnel
Title:Tropical cyclone and related meteorological data sets available at CSU and their utilization
Publication:Dept. of Atmospheric Science Research Report, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 186 pp.
Abstract:This report has been prepared to familiarize the international meteorological community with the comprehensive collection of tropical cyclone and other meteorogical data which are available on our research project
Location:4
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Record ID:71/225

Date:01/01/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H., D.L. Priegnitz
Title:Convection over the South South China Sea. Part II: Effects on large-scale fields
Publication:Proceedings, International Conf. on Early Results of FGGE and Large-Scale Aspects of its Monsoon Experiments, 12-17 January 1981, Tallahassee, FL.
Abstract:This paper examines the nature of tropical convection over the southern South china Sea during the December 1978 winter monsoon period based on data from the Winter Monsoon Experiment (WMONEX)
Location:4
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Record ID:71/226

Date:10/26/1981
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H., D.C. Kriete
Title:Dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of tropical convective systems observed during winter MONEX
Publication:Proceedings, International Conf. on Scientific Results of the Monsoon Experiment, October 26-30, 198, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Abstract:Tropical convection over the southern South China Sea during the Devember 1978 field phase period of the Winter MONEX was often characterized by extensive anvil-type cloud systems having mesoscale horizontal dimensions
Location:4
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Record ID:71/227

Date:02/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rotunno, R., K.A. Emanuel
Title:An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part II: Evolutionary study using a nonhydrostatic axisymmetric numerical model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 542-561
Abstract:In Part I of this study an analytical model for a steady-state tropical cyclone is constructed on the assumption that boundary-layer air parcels are conditionally neutral to displacements along the angular momentum surfaces of the hurricane vortex
Location:4
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Record ID:71/228

Date:07/01/1980
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Selvam, A.M., A.S. Ramachandra Murty, R. Vijayakumar, S.K. Paul, G.K. Manohar, R.S. Reddy, B.K. Mukherjee, Bh.V. Ramana Murty
Title:Some thermodynamical and microphysical aspects of monsoon clouds
Publication:Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Earth Planet. Sci.), 89, 215-230
Abstract:The thermodynamical and microphyscial characteristics of monsoon clouds in the Poona, Bombay and Rihand regions were investigated using extensive aircraft in-cloud observations
Location:4
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Record ID:71/229

Date:08/16/1874
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Berkofsky, L.
Title:A numerical forecasting model for operational use in the tropics
Publication:AFCRL-TR-74-0398, AFSG 291, Air Force Cambridge Research Labs, Hanscom AFB, MA 01730
Abstract:In the present study, we derive the quations for a model for operational forecasting in the tropics
Location:3
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Record ID:71/230

Date:01/01/1978
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Betts, A.K.
Title:Convection in the tropics
Publication:Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 105-132
Abstract:The convective organization and budgets for one day during GATE (2 September 1974) are first discussed
Location:3
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Record ID:71/231

Date:04/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Black, P.G., F.D. Marks, Jr.
Title:Environmental interactions associated with hurricane supercells
Publication:Proc., 17th AMS conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Miami, FL, 7-10 April 1987, 416-419
Abstract:Analysis of flight level temperature and dew point data at 500 and 700 mb in Hurricanes Norbert (1984) and Gladys (1975) revealed temperature anomalies in excess of 15C
Location:3
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Record ID:71/232

Date:01/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Dong, K., C.J. Neumann
Title:The relationship between tropical cyclone motion and environmental geostrophic flows
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 115-122
Abstract:Based on 920 cases, the relationship between Atlantic tropical cyclone motion and environmental geostrpophic flows at ten levels (from 1000 to 100 mb) has been calculated and analyzed
Location:3
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Record ID:71/233

Date:01/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Elsberry, R.L., J.E. Peak
Title:An evaluation of tropical cyclone forecast aids based on cross-track and along-track components
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 147-155
Abstract:Official and objective forecast aids for tropical cyclone tracks in the western North Pacific during 1979-83 are evaluated in terms of cross-track (CT) and along-track (AT) components related to an extrapolated track based on warning positions (a persistence forecast).
Location:3
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Record ID:71/234

Date:11/01/1973
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Fernandez-Partagas, J.J.
Title:Subsynoptic convergence rainfall relationships based upon 1971 South Florida data
Publication:NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL WMPO-9, NOAA/ERL, Boulder, CO, 76 pp
Abstract:Convergence-rainfall relationships are studied at subsynoptic scales of motion in relation to Florida convection
Location:3
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Record ID:71/235

Date:08/01/1978
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Report of and Recommendations resulting from the Tropical Cyclone Survey Trip of W.M. Gray
Publication:Presented to WMO Working Group on Tropical Meteorology, Geneva, 14-18 August 1978, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523
Abstract:The following report discussed the information gained by the author during his extensive tropical cyclone survey trip during the Spring of 1978
Location:3
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Record ID:71/236

Date:08/21/1978
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, M.M.
Title:Hurricanes/Their formation, structure, and likely role in the tropical circulation
Publication:Proc., RMS/RM/AMS Conference on Meteorology Over the Tropical Oceans, London, U.K., August 21-21, 1978
Abstract:This paper discusses tropical cyclone frequency from a global point-of-view
Location:3
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Record ID:71/237

Date:03/01/1979
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hudlow, M.D., V.L. Patterson
Title:GATE radar rainfall atlas
Publication:NOAA Special Report, NOAA/ Env. Data and Information Service, 155 pp
Abstract:As part of the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE), quantitative precipitation observations were made during the summer of 1974 for an experimental array centered at
Location:3
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Record ID:71/238

Date:09/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lee, C.S.
Title:An observational study of tropical cloud cluster evolution and cyclogenesis in the Western North Pacific
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 403, Colorado State Univ., Dept. of Atmospheric science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 250 pp
Abstract:A combination of rawinsonde composite and individual case analyses using FGGE III-b data has been used to study the evolution of pre-cyclone tropical cloud clusters
Location:3
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Record ID:71/239

Date:07/01/1978
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Merceret, F.J.
Title:The distribution of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation in hurricanes over a limited range of wind speeds
Publication:NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL NHEML-1, NOAA/ERL, Boulder, CO, 12 pp.
Abstract:None
Location:3
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Record ID:71/240

Date:11/01/1978
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Moss, M.S., R.W. Jones
Title:A numerical simulation of hurricane landfall
Publication:NOAA Technical memorandum ERL NHEML-3, NOAA/ERL, Boulder, CO, 15 pp.
Abstract:A three-dimensional, three-level, nested grid numerical model has been used in a landfall simulation experiment
Location:3
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Record ID:71/241

Date:01/01/1979
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:National Hurricane and Experimental Meteorology Laboratory
Title:National Hurricane and Experimental Meteorology Laboratory Annual Report - Fiscal Year 1978
Publication:Technical Report, NOAA/NHEML, Coral Gables, FL, 57 pp
Abstract:None
Location:3
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Record ID:71/242

Date:01/29/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Randall, D.A.
Title:Why is there a diurnal cycle of precipitation over the oceans?
Publication:Proc., Symp. on the Role of Clouds in Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Climate, Jan. 29-Feb 3, 1989, Ahaheim, CA.
Abstract:Strong diurnal and semidiurnal oscillations of precipitation are observed to occur in the tropics and the summer hemisphere
Location:3
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Record ID:71/243

Date:08/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Steranka, J., E.B. Rodgers, R.C. Gentry
Title:The relationship between satellite measured convective bursts and tropical cyclone intensification
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1539-1546
Abstract:The relationship between the mean temperature of the top of the cloud canopies and the future maximum winds of Atlantic Ocean tropical cyclones is analyzed
Location:3
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Record ID:71/244

Date:06/01/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Bennett, A.F., L.M. Leslie, C.R. Hagelberg, P.E. Powers
Title:Tropical cyclone prediction using a barotropic model initialized by a generalized inverse method
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1714-1729
Abstract:A nested, nondivergent barotropic numerical weather prediction model for forecasting tropical cyclone motion out to 48 h is initialized at time t = 0 by assimilating data from the preceding 24 h
Location:7
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Record ID:71/245

Date:01/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Addis, R.P., M. Garstang, G.D. Emmitt
Title:Downdrafts from tropical oceanic cumuli
Publication:Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 28, 23-49
Abstract:Simultaneous observations at up to six levels through a depth of 1100 m for a tethered balloon and instrumented ship's boom of 49 gusts fronts associated
Location:2
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Record ID:71/246

Date:09/01/1975
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Betts, A.K., R.D. Miller
Title:VIMHEX - 1972 rawinsonde data
Publication:Dept. of Atmospheric Science Research Report, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
Abstract:None
Location:2
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Record ID:71/247

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:Conditional symmetric instability: A theory for rainbands within extratropical cyclones
Publication:Mesoscale meteorology - Theories, observations and models, D.K. Lilly and T. Gal-Chen, Eds.
Abstract:Detailed observations of clouds and precipitation within extra-tropical cyclones reveal a startling variety of mesoscale bands
Location:2
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Record ID:71/248

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:Dynamical theories of tropical convection
Publication:Aust. Met. Mag., 37, 3-10
Abstract:Recent observations show that, in contrast to the middle-latitude atmosphere, the tropical atmosphere is very nearly neutral to reversible parcel ascent from the sub-cloud layer
Location:2
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Record ID:71/249

Date:07/01/1977
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Erickson, S.L.
Title:Comparison of developing vs. non-developing tropical disturbances
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 274, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 81 pp
Abstract:Developing and non-developing western North Pacific tropical distrubances are investigated and compared utilizing Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) and rawinsonde data
Location:2
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Record ID:71/250

Date:03/01/1975
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Tropical cyclone genesis
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 234, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 121 pp.
Abstract:A new global observational and theoretical study of tropical cyclone gensis is made
Location:2
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Record ID:71/251

Date:05/01/1975
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Tropical cyclone gensis in the Western North Pacific
Publication:ENVPREDRESHFAC Technical paper No. 16-75, Environmental Prediction Research Faclity, Naval Postgraduate School. Monterey, CA 93940, 66 pp
Abstract:This paper present climatological statistics on the location, frequency, and environmental conditions associated with seasonal tropical cyclone genesis of the western North Pacific
Location:2
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Record ID:71/252

Date:06/01/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H.
Title:Short-term variations of the tropopause height over the winter MONEX area
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1152-1163
Abstract:An observational study of short-term (~1 week) tropical tropopause variations has been undertaken using measurements from the December 1978 Winter Monsoon Experiment (Winter MONEX).
Location:2
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Record ID:71/253

Date:05/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Marks, F.D., Jr., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Inner core structure of Hurricane Alicia from airborne Doppler radar observations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 1296-1317
Abstract:Airborner Doppler radar measurements are used to determine the horizontal winds, vertical air motions, radar reflecticity and hydrometeor fallspeeds over much of the inner-core region (within 40 km of the eye) of Hurricane Alicia (1983).
Location:2
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Record ID:71/254

Date:06/01/1977
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mower, R.N.
Title:Case study of convection lines during GATE
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 271, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 92
Abstract:A semi-quantiative case-study of 2 September 1974 (Julian Day 245) is presented
Location:2
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Record ID:71/255

Date:09/21/1986
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Nicholls, M.
Title:A numerical modeling study of tropical squall lines
Publication:Proc., Cloud Physics and Radar Conference, Sept. 21-27, 1986, Snowmass, CO, AMS
Abstract:None
Location:2
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Record ID:71/256

Date:06/01/1977
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Silva Dias, M.F.
Title:Diagnostic analysis of tropical cumulonimbus downdraft structure
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 272, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 88 pp
Abstract:None
Location:2
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Record ID:71/257

Date:04/01/1970
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Anthes, R.A.
Title:A diagnostic model of the tropical cyclone in isentropic coordinates
Publication:ERLTM-NHRL 89, ESSA Tech. Memo., NOAA/HRL, Miami, FL.
Abstract:A diagnostic axisymmetric model is isentropic coordinates is developed to study the effect of differential heating on the dynamic and energetics of the steady-state tropical cyclone
Location:1
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Record ID:71/258

Date:11/01/1974
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Betts, A.K., M.A. Stevens
Title:Rainfall and radar echo statistics: Venezuelan International Meteorological and Hydrological Experiment, 1972
Publication:Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science Research Report, Fort Collins, CO 80523
Abstract:The Venezuelan International Meteorological and Hydrological Experiment (VIMHEX) was an intensive program of tropical meteorological
Location:1
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Record ID:71/259

Date:04/01/1971
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Carlson, T.N.
Title:A detailed analysis of some African disturbances
Publication:NOAA Tech. Memo ERL NHRL-90, NOAA/NHRL, Miami, Fl, 58 pp
Abstract:Three disturbances observed over Africa during the summer of 1968 have been analyzed at seven pressure levels from 100 mb to 100 mb
Location:1
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Record ID:71/260

Date:10/01/1969
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Fernandez-Partaga, J.J.
Title:The mean circulation, synoptic disturbances and rainfall patterns over South florida and adjacent areas in May 1968
Publication:Tech. Report, Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fl, 60 pp
Abstract:A meteorological study is presented for South Florida and adjacent area for the month of May 1968, with particular emphasis on the May 15-31 period
Location:1
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Record ID:71/261

Date:06/01/1973
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Jones, R.W.
Title:A numerical experiment on the prediction of the northeast (winter) monsoon in Southeast Asis
Publication:NOAA Tech. Report ERL 272-WMPO 3, NOAA/ERL, Boulder, CO, 56 pp
Abstract:A nine-level primitive equation model with a boundary layer, orography, and stability dependent vertical diffusion was designed to predict the surface of the northeast monsoon
Location:1
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Record ID:71/262

Date:10/01/1966
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Matsumoto, S.
Title:Static stability adjustment of an adiabatic quasi-nonlinear model
Publication:Papers in Meteorol. Geophys, XVII, 1-9
Abstract:An energy conserving atmospheric model is obtained by introducing the changes in the general field due to non-linear interaction
Location:1
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Record ID:71/263

Date:04/01/1969
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Miller, B.I.
Title:Experiment in forecasting hurricane development with real data
Publication:ESSA Tech. Memo. ERLTM-NHRL 85, NOAA/ESSA/NHRL, Miami, FL, 28 pp
Abstract:A multi-level primitive equation model incorporating diabatic and frictional influences has been developed for numerical weather prediction in the tropics
Location:1
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Record ID:71/264

Date:12/06/1971
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Orville, H.D., S.W. Chang
Title:Numerical simulation of hurricane rainband clouds
Publication:Proc., 7th Technical Conf. on Hurricane and Tropical Meteorology, St. Michael Barbados, West Indies, Dec. 6-9, 1971
Abstract:A numerical model of cloud growth over mountains has been modified to simulate the formation and evelopment of tropical cumulonimbus clouds
Location:1
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Record ID:71/265

Date:01/01/1971
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Pike, A.C.
Title:Seasonal variations of the inter-tropical convergence zone studied with an interacting atmosphere and ocean model
Publication:AFCRL-71-0067, Rosentiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124,44 pp
Abstract:A simple, four-level primitive-equation model of a zonally symmetric tropical atmosphere has been combined with a two-layer model of the upper tropical ocean in order to
Location:1
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Record ID:71/266

Date:01/01/1969
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rosenthal, S.L.
Title:Numerical experiments with a multilevel primitive equation model designed to simulate the development of tropical cyclones Experiment I
Publication:ESSA Tec. Memo ERLTM-NHRL 82, NOAA/ESSA/NHRL, Miami, FL,36 pp
Abstract:The model assumes the storm to be circularly symmetric and is expressed in z-coordinates
Location:1
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Record ID:71/267

Date:01/01/1970
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rosenthal, S.L.
Title:A survey of experimental results obtained from a numerical model designed to simulate tropical cyclone development
Publication:ESSA Tech. Memo. ERLTM-NHRL 88, ESSA/NHRL, Miami, FL, 78 pp
Abstract:The tropical cyclone model previously described by the author is extended to include an explicit water vapor cycle, multilevel convection and nonconvective precipitation
Location:1
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Record ID:71/268

Date:12/01/1971
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rosenthal, S.L., M.S. Moss
Title:The repsonse of a tropical cyclone model to radical changes in data fields during the mature stage
Publication:NOAA Tech. Memo ERL NHRL-96, NOAA/ERL/NHRL, Coral Gables, FL, 18 pp
Abstract:A long-range goal of the National Hurricane Research Laboratory is the development of numerical models capable of skillful prediction of the track and intensity of tropical storms
Location:1
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Record ID:71/269

Date:10/15/1966
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Ackerman, B.
Title:The scales of intra-cloud variations in meteorological parameters: Hurricane clouds
Publication:Tech. Note No. 35, Cloud Physics Laboratory, The University of Chicago, Dept. of the Geophysical Sciences, Chicago, IL, 90 pp
Abstract:As in-cloud measuremnets have accumulated over the past decade or two, the evidence has overwhelmingly indicated heteorogeneity in cloud structure
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Record ID:71/270

Date:10/01/1975
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Betts, A.K.
Title:Parameteric interpretation of trade-wind cumulus budget studies
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1934-1945
Abstract:This paper interprets the diagnostic budget studies of the undisturbed BOMEX period, 22-26 June 1969, using a parameteric cloud model with continuous detrainment as well as entrainment
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Record ID:71/271

Date:11/01/1976
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Chu, J.H.
Title:Vorticity in maritime cumulus clouds and its effects on the large-scale budget of vorticity in the tropics
Publication:Tropical Meteorology Paper No. 17, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, 123 pp
Abstract:An observational study of the effects of cumulus convection on the large-scale vorticity budget is made based on the 1956 Marshall Island data
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Record ID:71/272

Date:05/01/1987
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Das, S., U.C. Mohanty, O.P. Sharma
Title:Semi-prognostic test of the Arakwas-Schubert cumulus parameterization during different phases of the summer monsoon
Publication:Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., 60, 255-275
Abstract:Arakwa-Schubert's cumulus parameterization has been studied during different phases of the summer monsoon using MONSOON-77 and MONEX-79 data sets
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Record ID:71/273

Date:09/01/1976
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Esbensen, S.K.
Title:Thermodynamic effects of clouds in the tradewind planetary boundary layer
Publication:Tropical Meteorology Paper No. 16, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, 110 pp
Abstract:A model of deep cumulus clouds and a model of shallow cumulus clouds are combined with large-scale heat and moisture budgets during BOMEX to diagnose the thermodynamic effects of clouds
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Record ID:71/274

Date:12/01/1976
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hack, J.J., W.H. Schubert
Title:Design of an axisymmetric primitive equation tropical cyclone model
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 263, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 70 pp
Abstract:An axisymmetric primitive equation tropical cyclone model in the sigma coordinate is presented.
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Record ID:71/275

Date:05/01/1976
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kidder, S.Q.
Title:Tropical oceanic precipitation frequency from NIMBUS 5 microwave data
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 248, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 50 pp
Abstract:Microwave brightness temperature data from the Nimbus 5 satellite have been analyzed, using threshold brightness temperatures, to yield
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Record ID:71/276

Date:01/01/1977
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Nitta, T.
Title:Response of cumulus updraft and downdraft to GATE A/B-scale motion system
Publication:Tropical Meteorology Paper No. 18, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, 46 pp
Abstract:Large-scale mass, heat and moisture budgets have been computed over the GATE A/B-scale area during two priority periods in Phase III
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Record ID:71/277

Date:05/01/1971
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Project Stormfury
Title:Annual Report 1970
Publication:NOAA/ERL Labs, Hurricane Research Div/AOML, Miami, FL 33149
Abstract:None
Location:0
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Record ID:71/278

Date:04/01/1971
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sugg, A.L., L.G. Pardue, R.L. Carrodus
Title:Memorable hurricanes of the United States since 1873
Publication:NOAA Tech. Memo. NWS SR-56, NOAA, NWS, Fort Worth, TX, 52 pp
Abstract:None
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Record ID:71/279

Date:07/01/1972
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gray, W.M.
Title:Cumulus convection and larger-scale circulations Part III: Broadscale and mesoscale considerations
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper NO. 190, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmosheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 80 pp
Abstract:This manuscript (Paper III) discusses the magnitude and implication of the vertical circulation patterns of the summertime tropical atmosphere as derived from large scale consideration
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Record ID:71/280

Date:12/15/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Grabowski, W.W., X. Wu, M.M. Moncrieff
Title:Cloud-resolving modeling of tropical cloud systems during Phase III of GATE. Part I: Two-dimensional experiments.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 24, 3684-3709
Abstract:A formal framework is established for the way in which cloud-resolving numerical models are used to investigate the role of precipitating cloud systems in climate and weather forecasting models.
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Record ID:71/281

Date:2/1/1997
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Trier, S.B., W.C. Skamarock, M.A. LeMone
Title:Structure and evolution of the 22 February 1993 TOGA COARE squall line: Organization mechanisms inferred from numerical simulation.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 3, 386-407
Abstract:Mechanisms responsible for meso- and convective-scale organization within a large tropical squall line that occurred on 22 February 1993 during TOGA COARE are investigated using a three-dimensional numerical cloud model.
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Record ID:71/282

Date:10/1/1997
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Flatau, M., P.J. Flatau, P. Phoebus, P.P. Niler
Title:The feedback between equatorial convection and local radiative and evaporative processes: The implications for intraseasonal oscillations.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2373-2386
Abstract:Existing theories of the Madden-Julian oscillation neglect the feedback between the modification of sea surface temperature by the convection and development of a convective cluster itself.
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Record ID:71/283

Date:12/15/1997
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Li, T.
Title:Phase transition of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation: A stationary SST mode.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2872-2887
Abstract:A stationary SST mode is proposed to understand the physical mechanisms responsible for the phase transition of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation.
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Record ID:71/284

Date:02/01/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kiladis, G.N.
Title:Observations of Rossby waves linked to convection over the eastern tropical Pacific
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 321-339
Abstract:Rossby wave activity propagating into the eastern tropical Pacific from the midlatitudes during northern winter is examined in some detail.
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Record ID:71/285

Date:07/27/1997
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Cordero, E.C., S.R. Kawa, M.R. Schoeberl
Title:An analysis of tropical transport: Influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16,453-16,461
Abstract:An analysis of over 4 years of Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) measurements of CH_4, HF, O_3 and zonal wind are used to study the influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) on constituent transport in the tropics
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Record ID:71/286

Date:07/01/1997
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tomas, R.A., P.J. Webster
Title:The role of inertial instability in determining the location and strength of near-equatorial convection
Publication:Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 123, 1445-1482
Abstract:There are two major organized cloud configurations in the vicinity of the equator.
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Record ID:71/287

Date:08/01/1997
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Hoerling, M.P., A. Kumar, M. Zhong
Title:El Nino, La Nina, and the nonlinearity of their teleconnections
Publication:J. Climate, 10, 1769-1786
Abstract:The paradigm of an atmospheric system varying linearly with respect to extreme phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation is questioned.
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Record ID:71/288

Date:01/01/1997
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Guichard, F., J.P. Lafore, J.L. Redelsperger
Title:Thermodynamical impact and internal structure of a tropical convective cloud system
Publication:Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 123, 2297-2324
Abstract:A three-dimensional cloud-resolving model is used to simulate a cloud system, observed during the Tropical Ocean/Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment, corresponding the the developed of shear parallel convective lines and characterized by the absence of large-scale ascent.
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Record ID:71/289

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Pasch, R.J., K.A. Avila, J.-G. Jing
Title:Atlantic tropical storms of 1994 and 1995: A comparison of a quiet season to a near-record-breaking one.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1106-1123
Abstract:Totals of 70 and 63 tropical waves (also known as African or easterly waves) were counted in the Atlantic basin during the 1994 and 1995 hurricane seasons.
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Record ID:71/290

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lawrence, M.B., B.M. Mayfield, L.A. Avila, R.J. Pasch, E.N. Rappaport
Title:Atlantic hurricane season of 1995
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1124-1151
Abstract:The 1995 hurricane season is described.
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Record ID:71/291

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rappoport, E.N., L.A. Avila, M.B. Lawrence, M. Mayfield, R.J. Pasch
Title:Eastern North Pacific hurricane season of 1995
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 1126, 1152-1162
Abstract:The 1995 Eastern North Pacific hurricane season is reviewed.
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Record ID:71/292

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lander, M.B., C.P. Guard
Title:A look at global tropical cyclone activity during 1995: Contrasting high Atlantic activity with low activity in other basins.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1163-1173
Abstract:During 1995, there was a near-record number of named tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic basin.
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Record ID:71/293

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Landsea, C.W., G.D. Bell, W.M. Gray, S.B. Goldenberg
Title:The extremely active 1995 Atlantic hurricane season: Environmental conditions and verification of seasonal forecasts.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1174-1193
Abstract:The 1995 Atlantic hurricane season was a near-record hurricane activity with a total of 19 named storms (average is 9.3 for the base period 1950-90) and 11 hurricanes (average is 5.8), which persists for a total of 121 named storm days...
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Record ID:71/294

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Dickey, T., D. Frye, J. McNeil, D. Manov, N. Nelson, D. Sigurdson, H. Jannasch, D. Siegel, T. Michaels, R. Johnson
Title:Upper-ocean temperature response to Hurricane Felix as measured by the Bermuda testbed mooring.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1195-1201
Abstract:Hurricane Felix passed over the Bermuda testbed mooring on 15 August 1995, providing a unique opportunity to observe the response of the upper ocean to a hurricane.
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Record ID:71/295

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Velden, C.S., T.L. Olander, S. Wanzong
Title:The impact of multispecral GOES-8 wind information on Atlantic tropical cyclone track forecasts in 1995. Part I: Dataset methodology, description, and case analysis.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1202-1218
Abstract:Satellite-based remote sensing has long been recognized as an important method to reconnoiter oceanic tropical cyclones due to the scarcity of in situ observations.
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Record ID:71/296

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Goerss, J.S., C.S. Velden, J.D. Hawkins
Title:The impact of multispectral GOES-8 wind information on the Atlantic tropical cyclone track forecasts in 1995: Part II: NOGAPS forecasts.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1219-1227
Abstract:Experimental wind datasets were derived for two time periods from GOES-8 observations processed at the Univ. of Wisconsin Cooperative Inst. for Meteorological Satellite Studies.
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Record ID:71/297

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rodgers, E.B., W.S. Olson, V.M. Karyampudi, H.F. Pierce
Title:Satellite-derived latent heating distributions and environmental influences in Hurricane Opal (1995)
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1229-1247
Abstract:The total (i.e. convective and stratiform) latent heat release (LHR) cycle in the eyewall region of Hurricane Opal (Oct. 1995) has been estimated using observations from the F-10, F-11, and F-13 Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Special Sensor Microwave/Imagers.
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Record ID:71/298

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Leslie, L.M., J.F. LeMarshall, R.P. Moriaon, C. Spinoso, R.J. Purser, N. Pescod, R. Seecamp
Title:Improved hurricane track forecasting from the continuous assimilation of high quality satellite wind data.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1248-1257
Abstract:Despite recent improvements in the accuracy of hurricane track forecasts, mean position errors still remain unacceptably large.
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Record ID:71/299

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Leslie, L.M., J.F. LeMarshall, R.P. Moriaon, C. Spinoso, R.J. Purser, N. Pescod, R. Seecamp
Title:Improved hurricane track forecasting from the continuous assimilation of high quality satellite wind data.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1248-1257
Abstract:Despite recent improvements in the accuracy of hurricane track forecasts, mean position errors still remain unacceptably large.
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Record ID:71/300

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Powell, M.D., S.H. Houston
Title:Surface wind fields of 1995 Hurricanes Erin, Opal, Luis, Marilyn, and Roxanne at landfall.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1259-1273
Abstract:Hurricanes Erin, Opal, Luis, Marilyn, and Roxanne were the most destructive hurricanes of 1995.
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Record ID:71/301

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tomassini, M., D. LeMeur, R.W. Saunders
Title:Near-surface satellite wind observations of hurricanes and their impact on ECMWF model analyses and forecasts
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1274-1286
Abstract:During August-September 1995 new near-surface wind datasets over the tropical Atlantic from both the ERS-I scatterometer and Meteosat satellites were available at the ECMWF.
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Record ID:71/302

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Surgi, N., H.-L. Pan, S.J. Lord
Title:Improvement ofthe NCEP global model over the tropics: An evaluation of model performance during the 1995 hurricane season.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1287-1305
Abstract:An evaluation of the performance of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Medium-Range Forecast Model was made for the large-scale tropical forecasts and hurricane track forecasts during the 1995 hurricane season.
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Record ID:71/303

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kurihara, Y., R.E. Tuleya, M.A. Bender
Title:The GFDL hurricane prediction system and its performance in the 1995 hurricane season.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1306-1322
Abstract:The GFDL Hurricane Prediction System was adopted by the U.S. National Weather Service as an operational hurricane prediction model in the 1995 hurricane season.
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Record ID:71/304

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Heming, J.T., A.M. Radford
Title:The performance of the United Kingdom Meteorogical Office Global Model in predicting the tracks of Atlantic tropical cyclones in 1995.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 5, 1323-1331
Abstract:The 1994 United Kingdom Meteorological Office introduced a new method for initializing tropical cyclones in its global model by use of
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Record ID:71/305

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Williford, C.E., R.J. Correa-Torres, T.N. Krishnamurti
Title:Tropical cyclone forecasts made with the FSU Global Spectral Model.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1332-1336
Abstract:The Florida State University Global Spectral Model forecast skill is calculated for several tropical systems in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean basins and is compared to operational forecast skill.
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Record ID:71/306

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Cocke, S.
Title:Case study of Erin using the FSU Nested Regional Spectral Model.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1337-1346
Abstract:A case study of Hurricane Erin of the 1995 storm season is presented using the recently developed Florida State Univerisity Nested Regional Spectral Model.
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Record ID:71/307

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Krishnamurti, T.N., W. Han, B. Jha, H.S. Bedi
Title:Numerical prediction of Hurricane Opal.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1347-1363
Abstract:The main theme of this paper is on the intensity forecast of a hurricane (Opal) and interpretation of factors contributing toward it.
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Record ID:71/308

Date:5/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Nelson, N.B.
Title:Spatial and temporal extent of sea surface temperature modifications by hurricanes in the Sargasso Sea during the 1995 season.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1364-1368
Abstract:Sea surface temperature anomalies in the central and western Sargasso Sea resulting from tropical cyclones were investigated during the 1995 hurricane season.
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Record ID:71/309

Date:03/15/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(76) Oceanography
Author:Ohlmann, J.C., D.A. Siegel, L. Washburn
Title:Radiant heating of the western equatorial Pacific during TOGA-COARE
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 103, 5379-5395
Abstract:Optical, physical, and biological data collected in the western Pacific warm water pool (WWP) as part of the Tropical-Ocean-Global Atmosphere-Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA-COARE) are used to assess variations in the transmission of solar radiation through the water column,
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Record ID:71/310

Date:03/15/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(76) Oceanography
Author:Li, X., C.H. Sui, D. Adamec, K.M. Lau
Title:Impacts of precipitation in the upper ocean in the western Pacific warm pool during TOGA-COARE
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 103, 5347-5359
Abstract:An ocean mixed-layer model with a modified Kraus-Turner parameterization scheme is used to investigate the impacts of precipitation in the upper ocean in the western Pacific warm pool during Tropical ocean Global Atmosphere-Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA-COARE).
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Record ID:71/311

Date:03/15/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(76) Oceanography
Author:You, Z.
Title:Rain-formed barrier layer of the western equatorial pacific warm pool: A case study
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 103, 5361-5378
Abstract:During the intensive observation period of the Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere/Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment, a rain-formed barrier layer was observed in a R/V Franklin survey
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Record ID:71/312

Date:7/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Liu, C., M.W. Moncrieff
Title:A numerical study of the diurnal cycle of tropical ocean convection.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2329-2344
Abstract:Idealized 2D cloud-resolving numerical modeling was conducted to investigate the diurnal variability of deep tropical oceanic convection.
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Record ID:71/313

Date:7/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sui, C.-H., X. Li, K.-M. Lau
Title:Radiative-convective processes in simulated diurnal variations of tropical oceanic convection.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2345-2357
Abstract:This paper presents an analysis of the diurnal variation of tropical oceanic convection and its associated energy cycle as simulated by an anelastic cumulus ensemble model.
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Record ID:71/314

Date:8/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Krishnamurti, T.N., M.C. Sinha, B. Jha, U.C. Mohanty
Title:A study of South Asian monsoon energetics.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 15, 2530-2548
Abstract:Monsoon forecasting is one of the most difficult components of the global weather prediction problem.
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Record ID:71/315

Date:9/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Chen, S.-J., Y.-H. Kuo, W. Wang, Z.-Y. Tao, B. Cui
Title:A modeling case study of heavy rainstorms along the Mei-Yu front
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 2330-2351
Abstract:On 12-13 June 1991, a series of convvective rainstorms (defined as nesoscale precipitation systems with rainfall rates exceeding 10 mm h-1) developed successively along the Mei-Yu front.
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Record ID:71/316

Date:8/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Micekalski, J.R., G.J. Tripoli
Title:Inertial available kinetic energy and the dynamics of tropical plume formation.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2200-2216
Abstract:Tropical plumes are identified in satellite data as elongated cloud bands originating from convective activity along the ITCZ, often extending far into the subtropics and middle latitudes.
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Record ID:71/317

Date:9/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Rickenbach, T.M., S.A. Rutledge
Title:Convection in TOGA COARE: Horizontal scale, morphology, and rainfall production.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2715-2729
Abstract:The occurrence frequency and rainfall production of MCSs relative to smaller groups of convective clouds over the tropical oceans is not well known.
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Record ID:71/318

Date:9/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:DeMott, C.A., D.A. Rutledge
Title:The vertical structure of TOGA COARE convection. Part II: Modulating influences and implications for diabatic heating.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2748-2762
Abstract:The temporal variability of western Pacific warm pool convection, especially its vertical structure, is examined in this study.
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Record ID:71/319

Date:9/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Saxen, T.R., S.A. Rutledge
Title:Surface fluxes and boundary layer recovery in TOGA COARE: Sensitivity to convective organization.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2763-2781
Abstract:Shipboard radar data collected during the TOGA COARE are used in conjunction with surface meteorological data from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute's IMET buoy to describe in detail how three classifications of convecctive systems modify...
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Record ID:71/320

Date:02/29/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(12) Climate
Author:McPhaden, M.J., A.J. Busalacchi, R. Cheney, J.R., Donguy, K.S. Gage, D. Hapern, M. Ji, P. Julian, G. Meyers, G.T. Mitchum, P.P. Niiler, J. Picaut, R.W. Reynolds, N. Smith, K. Takeuchi
Title:The tropical ocean-global atmosphere observing system: A decade of progress
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14,169-14,240
Abstract:A major accomplishment of the recently completed Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Program was the development of an ocean observing system to support seasonal-to-interannual climate studies.
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Record ID:71/321

Date:11/01/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Xue, Y., J. Shukla
Title:Model simulation of the influence of global SST anomalies on Sahel rainfall
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2782-2792
Abstract:A general circulation model sensitivity study was carried out to investigate the influence of global sea surface temperature (SST) on Shael rainfall
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Record ID:71/322

Date:11/01/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Carbone, R.E., J.D. Tuttle, W.A. Cooper, V. Grubisic, W.C. Lee
Title:Trade wind rainfall near the windward coast of Hawaii
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2847-2863
Abstract:A dynamically based mesoscale climatology of rainfall and other data are examined for typical trade wind conditions near Hawaii
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Record ID:71/323

Date:07/01/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Gershunov, A., T.P. Barnett
Title:ENSO influence on introseasonal extreme rainfall and temperature frequencies in the contiguous United States: Observations and model results
Publication:J. Climate, 11, 1575-1586
Abstract:The signature of ENSO in the windertime frequencies of heavy precipitation and temperature extremes is derived from both observations and atmospheric general circulation model output for the contiguous United States.
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Record ID:71/324

Date:04/01/1992
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Graham, N.E., T.P. Barnett, M. Latif
Title:Considerations of the predictability of ENSO with a low-order coupled model
Publication:TOGA Notes, April 1992, 11-15
Abstract:None
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Record ID:71/325

Date:01/01/99
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wang, B., A. Barcilon, Z. Fang
Title:Stochastic dynamics of El Nino-southern oscillation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 5-23
Abstract:A stochastically forced nonlinear dynamic model for El Nino-southern oscillation is advanced to explore the nature of the highly irregular ENSO cycle. The model phydics includes nonlinear dynamics of the coupled ocean-atmoshere system, high-frequency stochastic forcing, and the annual forcing of a prescribed climatological basic state.
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Record ID:71/326

Date:01/01/99
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(48) Monsoon
Author:McBride, J. L., W. M. Frank
Title:Relationships between stability and monsoon convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 24-36
Abstract:Rawinsonde data from the Australian Monsoon Experiment are analyzed to determine the manner in which the atmospheric stratification of density and moisture respond to large amounts of convective latent heat relase. The study focuses on the time series of data from a ship located at the nothern end of the Gulf of Carpentaria during active and break periods of the monsoon.
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Record ID:71/327

Date:12/12/98
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Smith, S. R., P. M. Green, A. P. Leonardi, J. J. O'Brien
Title:Role of multiple-level tropospheric circulations in forcing ENSO winter precipitation anomalies
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 3102-3116
Abstract:Regionally organized winter (DJF) precipitation anomalies over North America are presented in association with cold and warm phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Variations in low-level flow from moisture sources and in upper-level dynamic properties are diagnosed for each anomalous precipitation region using DJF composites of upper- ad lowere-tropospheric winds, sea level pressure, divergence, and vorticity advection.
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Record ID:71/328

Date:12/12/98
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Renwick, J. A.
Title:ENSO-Related variability in the frequency of south pacific blocking
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 3117-3123
Abstract:Interanual variability in the frequency of atmospheric blocking events over the southern pacific Ocean is analyzed in terms of variations in the El Nino-Souther Oscillation (ENSO) cycle, using a 16-yr record of Southern Hemisphere 500-hPa height fields. The number of days of blocking tends to increase on average during the warm phase of the ENSO cycle, particularly over the southeast Pacific during the southern spring and summer.
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Record ID:71/329

Date:03/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zhang, C., M-D. Chou
Title:Variability of water vapor, infared radiative cooling, and atmospheric instability for deep convection in the equatorial western pacific
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp 711-723
Abstract:In the troposphere of the eqatorial western Pacific, the water vapor variability dominates the temperature variability in changing the clear-sky infared (IR) cooling rate.
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Record ID:71/330

Date:05/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Matthews, A.J., G.N. Kiladis
Title:The tropical-extratropical interaction between high-frequency transients and the madde-julian oscillation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 661-677
Abstract:The interaction between high-frequency transient disturbances and convection, and the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), is investigated using NCEP-NCAR reanalysis and satellite outgoing longwave radiation data for 15 northern winters.
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Record ID:71/331

Date:05/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Shinoda, T., H.H. Hendon, J. Glick
Title:Intraseasonal surface fluxes in the tropical western pacific and Indian Oceans from NCEP reanalysis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 678-693
Abstract:Reliability of the surface fluxes from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalyses is assessed across the warm pool of the western Pacific and Indian Oceans.
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Record ID:71/332

Date:05/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kleeman, R., A.M. Moore
Title:A new method for determining the reliability of dynamical ENSO predictions
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 694-705
Abstract:Determination of the reliability of particular ENSO forecasts is of particular importance to end users. Theoretical arguments are developed that indicate that the amplitudes of slowly decaying (or growing) normal modes of coupled system provide a useful measure of forecast reliability.
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Record ID:71/333

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Yoneyama, K., D.B. Parsons
Title:A proposed mechanism for the intrusion of dry air into the tropical western pacific region
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 1524-1546
Abstract:Recent studies using data from the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere program's Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) have shown that synoptic-scale areas of extremely dry air can occur in the troposphere over the equatorial western Pacific.
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Record ID:71/334

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Chen, T.-C., S.-P. Weng
Title:Interannual and intraseasonal variations in monsoon depressions and their westward-propagating predesessors
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1005-1020
Abstract:The majority of monsoon depressions develop from the regenesis of westward-propagating residual lows from the east. Most of these residual lows can be traced to weather disturbances in the south China Sea, including tropical cyclones and 12-24 day monsooon lows.
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Record ID:71/335

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Li, Y.S., J.C.L. Chan
Title:Momentum transports associated with tropical cyclone recurvature
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1021-1037
Abstract:This study attempts to investigate the linear momentum budget responsible for tropical cyclone (TC) revurvature. Using the operational analyses from U.K. Meteorological Office global model, the environmental flow associated with recurving TCs over the western North Pacific for the years 1991-95 is composited.
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Record ID:71/336

Date:06/15/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Donner, L.J., C.J. Seman, R.S. Hemler
Title:Three-dimensional cloud-system modeling of GATE convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci, 56, pp. 1885-1912
Abstract:Deep convection and its associated mesoscale circulations are modeled using a three-dimensional elastic model with bulk microphysics and interactive radiation for a composite easterly wave from the Global Atmospheric Research Program Atlantic Tropical Experiment.
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Record ID:71/337

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Halverson, J.B., B.S Ferrier, T.M. Rickenbach, J. Simpson, W.-K. Tao
Title:An emsemble of convective systems on 11 February 1993 during TOGA COARE: Morphology, rainfall characteristics, and anvil cloud interactions
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1208-1228
Abstract:An active day suring the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) Intensive Observation Period (IOP) is examined in which nine convective systems evolved and moved eastward across the region of shipboard radar coverage in the Intensive Flux Array (IFA) within westerly wind burst conditions.
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Record ID:71/338

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lander, M.A., J. Trehubenka, C.P. Guard
Title:Eastern hemispheric tropical cyclones of 1996
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1274-1300
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:71/339

Date:01/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(19) Cumulus
Author:Patra, A.K., U.K. De, D. Lohar
Title:Existence of low level jet during pre-monsoon period over eastern India and its role in the initiation of nocturnal thunderstorms
Publication:Atmosfera, 12, 15-26
Abstract:During the pre-monsoon period, the frequency of occurrence of low level jet (LLJ) and of nocturnal thunderstorms (NCTS) over the Gangetic Plain of West Bengal, a region in the eastern part of India have been studied from both pilot
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Record ID:71/340

Date:10/27/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sandor, B.J., W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, K.H. Rosenlof
Title:Seasonal behavior of tropical to midlatitude upper tropospheric water vapor from UARS MLS
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 103, 25,935-25,947
Abstract:Measurements of upper tropospheric water vapor made during 1991-1997 with the Microwave Limb Sounder instrument on the Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite are described.
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Record ID:71/341

Date:07/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sherwood, S.C.
Title:Feedbacks in s simple prognostic tropical climate model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 2178-2200
Abstract:A simple four-cell model of the tropical atmosphere in equilibrium with its boundaries is introduced, which can support a variable diabatic circulation and prognostic temperature and humidity profiles.
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Record ID:71/342

Date:07/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Igau, R.C., M.A. LeMone, D. Wei
Title:Updraft and downdraft cores in TOGA COARE: Why so many buoyant downdraft cores?
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 2232-2245
Abstract:An examination of the properties of updraft and downdraft cores using Electra data from TOGA COARE shows that they have diameters and vertical velocities similar to cores observed over other parts of the tropical and subtropical oceans.
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Record ID:71/343

Date:07/15/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Su, H., S.S. Chen, C.S. Brentherton
Title:Three-dimensional week-long simulations of TOGA COARE convective systems using the MM5 mesoscale model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 2326-2344
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:71/344

Date:07/15/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Grabowski, W.W., X. Wu, M.W. Moncrieff
Title:Cloud resolving modeling of tropical cloud systems during Phase III of GATE. Part III: Effects of cloud microphysics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 2384-2402
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:71/345

Date:08/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sohn, B.-J.
Title:Cloud-induced infrared radiative heating and its implications for large-scale tropical circulations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 2657-2672
Abstract:Three-dimensional global distibutions of longwabe radiative cooling for the summer of 19888 and the winter of 1989 are generated from radiative transfer calculations using European Centre for Meadium-Range Weather Forecasts temperature and humidity profiles and International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project cloudiness as inputs.
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Record ID:71/346

Date:08/15/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Nieto, R., F. Schubert, W.H. Schubert
Title:The role of tropical cyclones in the formation of tropical upper-tropospheric troughs
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 2891-2907
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:71/347

Date:08/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sherwood, S.C., R. Wahrlich
Title:Observed evolution of tropical deep convective events and their environment
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1777-1795
Abstract:Using a compositing technique, the temporal progression of tropical convective systems and the mean atmosphere state in their vicinity is constructed from a time series of geostationary satellite and operational rawinsonde data.
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Record ID:71/348

Date:08/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Elsberry, R.L., M.A. Boothe, G.A. Ulses, P.A. Harr
Title:Statistical postprocessing of NOGAPS tropical cyclone track forecasts
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1912-1919
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:71/349

Date:01/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kingsmill, D.E., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Kinematic characteristic of air flowing into and out of precipitating convection over the west Pacific warm pool: An airborne Doppler radar survey
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 125, 1165-1207
Abstract:Air flowing into and out of 25 cloud systems over the west Pacific warm pool was sampled by Doppler radars on board two NOAA WP-3D aircraft and the NCAR Electra aircraft during the Tropical Ocean/Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA-COARE).
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Record ID:71/350

Date:01/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Kingsmill, D.E., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Thermodynamic characteristics of air flowing into and out of precipitating convection over the west Pacific warm pool
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 125, 1209-1229
Abstract:Aircraft data from the Tropical Ocean/Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Ejxperiment (TOGA-COARE) indicate the validity of current conceptual models used in cumulus parameterization theories.
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Record ID:71/351

Date:09/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sobel, A. H., C. S. Bretherton
Title:Development of synoptic-scale disturbances over the summertime tropical Northwest Pacific
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56 ,pp. 3106-3127
Abstract:This study addresses the origin of the synoptic-scale disturbances that occur in the tropical western North Pacific ocean (WP) region in Northern Hemisphere summer.
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Record ID:71/352

Date:10/01/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Xu, K.-M., D. A. Randall
Title:A sensitivity study of radiative-convective equilibrium in the tropics with a convection-resolving model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 3385-3399
Abstract:Statistical-equilibrium (SE)states of radiative-convective systems in tropical oceanic conditions are simulated with a cloud ensemble model (CEM) in this study.
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Record ID:71/353

Date:09/15/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:Wu, X., W. D. Hall, W. W. Grabowski, M. W. Moncrieff, W. D. Collins, J. T. Kiehl
Title:Long-term behavior of cloud systems in TOGA COARE and their interactions with radiative and surface processes. Part II: Effects of ice microphysics on cloud-radiation interaction
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 3177-3195
Abstract:A two-dimensional cloud-resolving model with a large domain is integrated for 39 days during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) to study the effects of ice phase processes on cloud properties and cloud radiative properties.
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Record ID:71/354

Date:09/15/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sud, Y. C., G. K. Walker
Title:Microphysics of Clouds with the Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert Scheme (McRAS). Part I: Design and evaluation with GATE phase III data
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 3196-3220
Abstract:A prognostic cloud scheme named McRAS (Microphysics of Clouds with Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert Scheme) has been designed and developed with the aim of improving moist processes, microphysics of clouds, and cloud-radiation interactions in GCMs.
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Record ID:71/355

Date:09/15/1999
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sud, Y. C., G. K. Walker
Title:Microphysics of Clouds with the Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert Scheme (McRAS). Part II: Implementation and performance in GEOS II GCM
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 3221-3240
Abstract:A prognostic cloud scheme named the Microphysics of Clouds with the Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert Scheme (McRAS) and the Simple Biosphere Model have been implemented in a version of the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) II GCM at a 4 degree latitude X 5 degree longitude X 20 sigma-layer resolution.
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Record ID:71/356

Date:02/02/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Saxen, T.R., S.A. Rutledge
Title:Surface rainfall-cold cloud fractional coverage relationship in TOGA COARE: a function of vertical wind shear
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 407-415
Abstract:Shipboard radar-derived rain rates and satellite-observed IR brightness temperatures have been used to examine the relationship between cold cloud fractional coverage for brightness temperatures <235K and arelly averaged surface rainfall during the Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE).
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Record ID:71/357

Date:03/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:W.C. Chao
Title:Multiple quasi equilibria of the ITCZ and the orgin of monsoon onset
Publication:J. Atmo.Sci., 57, 641-651
Abstract:Supported by numerical experiment results, the abrupt change of the location of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), from the equatorial trough flow regime to the monsoon trough flow regime, or the monsoon onset, is interpreted as a subcritical instability. There are two balancing
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Record ID:71/358

Date:04/01/1984
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(49) Mountain Meteorology
Author:Grossman, R.L., D.R. Durran
Title:Interaction of low-level flow with Western Ghat Mountains and offshore convection in the summr monsoon
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 652-672
Abstract:seven-year averaged values of percent frequency of occurrence of highly reflective cloud for the months June, July and August indicate that offshore convection is a major component of the cloudiness of the southwest monsoon. Principal areas of concentrates occur off of the western coasts of India, Burma, Thailand, and the Philippines.
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Record ID:71/359

Date:8/1/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
(49) Mountain Meteorology
Author:Ogura, Y., M. Yoshizaki
Title:Numerical study of orographic-convective precipitation over the Eastern Arabian Sea and the Ghat Mountains during the summer monsoon.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2097-2122
Abstract:When the western coast of India lie in the path of the low-level west-southwest wind crossing the Arabian Sea during the summer monsoon season, deep convection frequently develops over the ocean off the coast.
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Record ID:71/360

Date:1/1/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Holland, G.J.
Title:Scale interaction in the western Pacific monsoon
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 56, 57-79
Abstract:The lower-tropospheric scale interactions occurring in the summer monsoon of the western North pacific are reviewed and summarised in a conceptual model.
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Record ID:71/361

Date:04/01/1988
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Dong, K.
Title:On the relationship between tropical cyclone motion and intensity
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 964-968
Abstract:Based on the tropical cyclone data over many years, relationships between cyclone motion and intensity or intensity change have been examined in the North Atlantic and western North Pacific
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Record ID:71/362

Date:05/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Raymond, D.J.
Title:The Hadley circulation as a radiative-convective instability
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1286-1297
Abstract:Hadley cell simulations over a tropical ocean are reported that suggest that the emission and obsorption of thermal radiation by clouds plays an important role in the dynamics of the Hadley circulation.
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Record ID:71/363

Date:05/15/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1497-1514
Title:Rainfall and radiative heating rates from TOGA COARE atmospheric budgets
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1497-1514
Abstract:Atmospheric heat and moisture budgets are used to determine rainfall anad radiative heating rates over the western Pacific warm pool duirng the Tropical Ocean Global Atmospheric Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE).
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Record ID:71/364

Date:04/15/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Anyamba, E., E. Williams, J. Sussking, A. Fraser-Smith, M. Fullekrug
Title:The manifestation of the Madden-Julian oscillation in global deep convection and in the Schumann resonance intensity
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1029-1044
Abstract:This study determines the relationship between intraseasonal oscillations observed in two independent measures of global lightning activity: a global mean convective index (a proxy for deep convection) derived from the Goddard Television Infrared Observational Satellite....
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Record ID:71/365

Date:06/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Neelin, J.D., N. Zeng
Title:A quasi-equilibrium tropical circulation model--Formulation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1741-1766
Abstract:A class of model for simulation and theory of the tropical atmospheric component of climate variations is introduced.
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Record ID:71/366

Date:06/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zeng, N., J.D. Neelin, C. Chou
Title:A quasi-eqiulibrium tropical circulation model-Implementation and simulation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1767-1796
Abstract:The quasi-equilibrium tropical circulation model (QTCM1) is implemented and tested.
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Record ID:71/367

Date:06/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Su, H., C.S. Bretherton, C. Chou
Title:Self-aggreagation and large-scale control of tropical deep convection: A modeling study
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1797-1816
Abstract:The Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Science Mesoscale Model version 5 (MM5) is used to investigate whether superclusters represent a model of self-aggregation of tropical deep convection that occurs
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Record ID:71/368

Date:07/15/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:C.-P. Chang, T. Li
Title:A Theory for the Tropical Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2209-2224
Abstract:The key questions of how the tropospheric biennial oscillation (TBO) maintains the same phase from northern to summer in South Asia to southern summer Australia, and how the reversed phase can last through three....
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Record ID:71/369

Date:08/01/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mecikalski, J.R., G.J. Tripoli
Title:Inertial available kinetic energy and the dynamics of tropical plume formation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2200-2216
Abstract:Tropical plumes are identified in satellite data as elongated cloud bands originating from convective activity along the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), often extending far into the subtropics and middle latitudes.
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Record ID:71/370

Date:01/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Raymond, D.J.
Title:Thermodynamic control of tropical rainfall
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 126, 889-898
Abstract:In 1987, Neelin and Held showed how, in the tropics, surface heat fluxes and infrared radiation control atmospheric convergence, and hence rainfall, by means of their joint effect on the supply of moist static energy to the troposphere.
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Record ID:71/371

Date:11/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sabre, M., K. Hodges, K. Laval, J. Polcher, F. Desalmand
Title:Simulation of monsoon disturbances in the LMD GCM
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3752-3771
Abstract:The monsoon depression that form over India during the summer are analyzed using simulations form the laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique general circulation model.
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Record ID:71/372

Date:08/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tao, W.-K., S. Lang, J. Simpson, W.S. Olson, D. Johnson, B. Ferrier, C. Kummerow, R. Adler
Title:Vertical profiles of latent heat release and their retrieval for TOGA COARE convective systems using a cloud resolving model, SSM/I, and ship-borne radar data
Publication:J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 78, 333-355
Abstract:Latent heating profiles associated with three TOGA COARE active convective episodes (December 10-17; December 19-27, 1992; and February 9-13, 1993) are examined using the two-dimensional version of the Goddard Cumulus Ensenble (GCE) Model, and retrieved by using the Goddard Convective and Stratiform Heating (CSH) algorithm.
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Record ID:71/373

Date:11/15/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Piani, C., D. Durran, M.J. Alexander, J.R. Holton
Title:A numerical study of three-dimensional gravity waves triggered by deep tropical convection and their roles in the dynamics of the QBO
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3689-3702
Abstract:A 3D mesoscale model is used to study the structure of convectively triggered gravity waves in the Tropical and their role in the dynamics of the middle atmosphere.
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Record ID:71/374

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Kummerow, C., J. Simpson, O. Thiele, W. Barnes, A.T.C. Chang, E. Stocker, R.F. Adler, A. Hou, R. Kakar, F. Wents, P. Ashcroft, T. Kozu, Y. Hong, K. Okamoto, T. Iguchi, H. Kuroiwa, E. Im, Z. Haddad, G. Huffman, B. Ferrier, W.S. Olson, E. Zipser, E.A. Smith, T.T. Wilheit, G. North, T. Krishnamurti, K. Nakamura
Title:The status of tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) after two years in orbit
Publication:J. App. Meteor., 12, I, 1965-1982
Abstract:The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite was lauched on 27 November 1997, and data from all the instruments first became avaiable approximately 30 days after the launch.
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Record ID:71/375

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Rogers, E., W. Olson, J. Halverson, J. Simpson, H. Pierce
Title:Environmental forcing of supertyphoon Paka's (1997) latent heat structure
Publication:J. App. Meteor., 12, I, 1983-2006
Abstract:The distributin and intensity of total (i.e., combined stratified and convective processes) rain rate/latent heat release (LHR) ere derived for Tropical Cyclone Paka during the period 9-21 December 1997 from the f-10, f-11, f-13, and f-14 Defense Meteorological Satellite Special Sensor Microwave Imager and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Microwave Imager observations.
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Record ID:71/376

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author: Adler, R.F., G.J. Huffman, D.T. Bolvin, S. Curtis, E.J. Nelkin
Title:Tropical rainfall distibutions determined using TRMM combined with other satellite and rain gauge information
Publication:J. App. Meteor, 12, I, 2007-2023
Abstract:A technique is described to use Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) combined radar-radiometer information to adjust geosynchronous infared satellite data [the TRMM Adjusted Geostainary Operational Environmental Satellite Precipitation Index(AGPI)].
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Record ID:71/377

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Aonashi, K., G. Liu
Title:Passive microwave precipitation retrieval using TMI during the baiu period of 1998 Part I: algorithm description and validation
Publication:J. App. Meteor., 12, I, 2024-2023
Abstract:The Baiu front is a subtropical convergence zone that is formed over east Asia in early summer (hereinafter refferred to as the Baiu period).
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Record ID:71/378

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Iguchi, T., T. Kozu, R. Meneghini, J. Awaka, K. Okamoto
Title:Rain-Profiling algorithm for the TRMM precipitation radar
Publication:J. App. Meteor., 12, I, 2038-2052
Abstract:This paper describes the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) standard algorithm that estimates the vertical profiles of attenuation-corrcted radar reflectivity factor and rainfall rate.
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Record ID:71/379

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Meneghini, R., T. Iguchi, T. Kozu, L. Liao, K. Okamoto, J.A. Jones, J. Kwiatkowski
Title:Use of the surface reference technique for path attenuation estimates from the TRMM precipitation radar
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2053-2070
Abstract:Estimates of rain rate from the precipitation radar (PR) aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite require a means by which the radar signal attenuation can be corrected.
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Record ID:71/380

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Bolen, S.M., V. Chandrasekar
Title:Quantitative cross validation of space-based and ground-based radar observations
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2071-2079
Abstract:Simultaneous comparison of data collected form the Troical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR), and the S-band polarimetric radar, operated by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, is made to cross vlidate the calibration of the PR instrument and to quantify the effects of precipitation attenuation on PR measurements.
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Record ID:71/381

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Heymsfield, G.M., B. Geerts, L.Tian
Title:TRMM precipitation radar reflectivity profiles as compared with high-resolution airborne and ground-based radar measurements
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2080-2102
Abstract:Orbital Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitaion radar (PR) products are evaluted by simultaneous comparisons with high-resolution data from the hig-altitude ER-2 Doppler radar (EDOP) and ground-based radars.
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Record ID:71/382

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Viltard, N., C. Kummerow, W.S. Olson, Y. Hong
Title:Combined use of the radar and radiometer of TRMM to estimate the influence of drop size distribution on rain retievals
Publication:J. App. Meter., 12, I, 2103-2114
Abstract:A combination of passive microwave and radar observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite is used to investigate the consistency between the two sensors.
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Record ID:71/383

Date:10/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Bellerby, T., M. Todd, D. Kniveton, C. Kidd
Title:Rainfall estimation fro a combination of TRMM precipitation radar and GOES multispectral satellite imagery through the use of an artificial neural network
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2115-2128
Abstract:This paper describes the development of a satellite preipitation algorthm designed to generat rainfall estimates at high spatial and temporal resolutions using a combination of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) data and multispectral Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) imagery.
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Record ID:71/384

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Biggerstaff, M.I., S.A. Listemaa
Title:An improved scheme for convective/stratiform echo classification using radar reflectivity
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2129-2150
Abstract:An improved algorithm for the partitioning of radar reflectivity into convetive and stratiform rain classifications has been developed and tested using data from the Houston, Texas, weather surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler.
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Record ID:71/385

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Schumacher, C., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Comparison of radar data from the TRMM satellite and Kwajalein oceanic validation site
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 1251-2164
Abstract:Data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) and Kwajalein S-band validation radar (KR) agree well for reflectivity exceeding the sensitivity of the PR threshold (~17 dBZ).
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Record ID:71/386

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Atlas, D., C.W. Ulbrich
Title:An observationally based conceptual model of warm oceanic convective rainin the tropics
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2165-2181
Abstract:Distinctively different Z-R relations for initial convective and transition rain at the surface were found during the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment.
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Record ID:71/387

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Nystuen, J.A., M.J. McPhaden, H. P. Freitag
Title:Surface measurements of precipitation from an ocean mooring: The underwater acoustic log from the South China Sea
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2182-2197
Abstract:Surface measurements of precipitation in oceanic environments have proven especially difficult to obtain because traditional technologies such as tipping bucket rain gauges are unsuitable for deloyment from oceanic platforms such as ships and moorings.
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Record ID:71/388

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Nystuen, J.A., M.J. McPhaden, H. P. Freitag
Title:Surface measurements of precipitation from an ocean mooring: The underwater acoustic log from the South China Sea
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2182-2197
Abstract:Surface measurements of precipitation in oceanic environments have proven especially difficult to obtain because traditional technologies such as tipping bucket rain gauges are unsuitable for deloyment from oceanic platforms such as ships and moorings.
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Record ID:71/389

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Amitai, E.
Title:Systematic variation of observed radar reflectivity-rainfall rate relations in the tropics
Publication:J. App. Mete., 12, I, 2198-2208
Abstract:The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Global Validation Program provides a unique opportunity to compare radar datasets from different sites, because they are analyzed in a relatively uniform procedure.
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Record ID:71/390

Date:02/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(79) Cloud Resolving Modeling
(76) Oceanography
Author:Costa, A.A., W.R. Cotton, R.L. Walko, R.A. Pielke Sr., H. Jiang
Title:SST sensitivities in multiday TOGA COARE cloud-resolving simulations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 253-268
Abstract:A two-dimensional cloud-resolving model (CRM) was used t simulate the evolution of convection over the western Pacific btween 19 and 26 December 1992, during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment.
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Record ID:71/391

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Gage, K.S., C.R. Williams, P.E. Johnston, W.L. Ecklund, R. Cifelli, A. Tokay, D.A. Carter
Title:Doppler radar profiles as calibration tools for scanning radars
Publication:J. App. Mete., 39, I, 2209-2222
Abstract:The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Aeronomy Labortory has modified a standard 915-MHz profiler for use as a precipitation profiler in support of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ground validation field campaigns.
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Record ID:71/392

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Williams, E., K. Rothkin, D. Stevenson, D. Boccippio
Title:Global lightning varations caused by changes in thunderstorms flash rate and by changes in the number of thunderstorms
Publication:J. App. Mete., 39, I, 2223-2230
Abstract:Global lightning activity is high variable on many timescales. This variability is attributable to changes in the flash rate per thunderstorm, the number of thundrstorms, or a combination.
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Record ID:71/393

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Boccippio, D.J., S.J. Goodman, S. Heckman
Title:Regional differences in tropical lightning distributions
Publication:J. App. Mete., 39, I, 2231-2248
Abstract:Observations from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Opitcal Transient Detector (OTD) and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)-based Lightning Imasging Sensor (LIS) are analyzed for variability between land and ocean, various geograghic regions, and different (objectively defined) convective
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Record ID:71/394

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Priestley, K.J., B.R. Barkstrom, R.B. Lee III, R.N. Green, S. Thomas, R.S. Wilson, P.L. Spence, J. Paden, D.K. Pandey, A. Al-Hajjah
Title:Postlaunch radiometric validation of the cloud and the earth's radiant energy system (CERES) proto-flight model on the tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) spacecraft through 1999
Publication:J. App. Mete., 39, I, 2249-2258
Abstract:Each Cloud and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instrument contains three scanning thermistor bolometer radiometric channels.
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Record ID:71/395

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Ignatov, A., L. Stowe
Title:Physical basis, premises, and self-consistency checks of aerosol retrievals from TRMM VIRS
Publication:J. App. Mete., 39, I, 2259-2277
Abstract:This paper outlines the processing stream for aerosol retrieval over oceans from the visible and infrared scanner [VIRS; a five-channel radiometer similar to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVNRR)] aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite, launched in November 1997.
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Record ID:71/396

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Li, X., S.A. Christopher, J. Chou, R.M. Welch
Title:Estimation of shortwave direct radiative forcing of biomass-buring aerosols using new angular models
Publication:J. App. Mete., 39, I, 2278-2291
Abstract:Using a new angular distribution model (ADM) for smoke aerosols, the instantaneous top-of-atmosphere (TOA) shortwave aerosol radiative forcing (SWARF) is calculated for selected days over biomass-buring regions in South America.
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Record ID:71/397

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(59) Radar Meteorology
(62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:Inoue, T. K. Aonashi
Title:Notes and Correspondence: A comparison of cloud and rainfall information from instantaneous visable and infrared scaner and precipitation radar observations over a frontal zone in East Asia during june 1998
Publication:J. App. Mete., 39, I, 2292-2301
Abstract:The comparison between cloud information and rainfall is studied using infared and radar data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission.
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Record ID:71/398

Date:03/01/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Matveev, Y.L., L.T. Matveev
Title:Characteristic features of the formation, development, and motion of tropical cyclones
Publication:Izvestiya Atmos. and Oceanic Physics,3, 698-705
Abstract:The rates of air temperature and density varations and the amount of precipitation in a tropical cyclone under the action of both heat inflow from the ocean and its interaction with the surrounding medium are estimated.
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Record ID:71/399

Date:08/15/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Yanai, M., B. Chen, W. Tung
Title:The Madden-Julian oscillation observed during the TOGA COARE IOP: Global View
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2374-2396
Abstract:Durng the TOGA COARE Intensive Observing Period (November 1992- February 1993), two pronounced Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) events associated with super cloud cluster and esterly wind bursts ere observed.
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Record ID:71/400

Date:03/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mapes, B.E., X. Wu
Title:Notes and Correspondence: Convective eddy momentum tendencies in long cloud resolving model simulations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 517-526
Abstract:Domain-average momentum budgets are examined in several multiday cloud-resolving model simulations of deep tropical convection in realistic shears.
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Record ID:71/401

Date:01/01/99
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Cecil, D. J., E. J. Zipser
Title:Relationships between tropical cyclone intensity and satellite-based indicators of inner core convection: 85-GHz ice-scattering signature and lighting
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 103-123
Abstract:A key component in the maintenance and intesification of tropical cyclones is the transverse circulation, which transports mass and momentum and provides latent heat reverse via inner core convective updrafts. This study examines these updrafts indirectly, using satellite-bore observations of the scattering of upwelling microwave radiation by precipitation-sized ice particles and satellite-bore obervations of lighting.
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Record ID:71/402

Date:08/1/2000
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lucas, C., E.J. Zipser
Title:Environmental variability during TOGA COARE
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2333-2350
Abstract:This study provides uantiative estimates of the thermodynamic and kinematic structures of the troposphere during various convective regimes observed during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment.
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Record ID:71/403

Date:3/1/1998
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(48) Monsoon
Author:Krishnakumar, V., K.-M. Lau
Title:Possible role of symmetric instability in the onset and abrupt transition of the Asian monsoon
Publication:J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 76, 363-383
Abstract:The physical connections between dry/moist (conditional) symmetric instability (SI/CSI) off equatorial diabatic thermal forcing, and the onset of the Asian monsoon are investigated...
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Record ID:71/404

Date:03/15/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tompkins, A.M.
Title:Organization of Tropical Convection in Low Vertical Wind Shears: The Role of Water Vapor
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 529-545
Abstract:A modeling study is conducted to gain insight into the factors that control the intensity and organization of tropical convection, and in particular to examine if organization occurs in the absence of factors such as vertical wind shear or underlying sea surface temperature (SST) gradient.
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Record ID:71/405

Date:04/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Sherwood, S. C., A. E. Dessler
Title:A Model for Transport across the Tropical Tropopause
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 765-792
Abstract:A model of convective and advective transport across the tropical tropopause is described. In this model overshooting convective turrets inject dehydrated tropospheric air into a tropical “tropopause layer” (TTL) bounded approximately by the 50- and 150-hPa surfaces, a layer similar to the “entrainment zone” at the top of the planetary boundary layer.
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Record ID:71/406

Date:04/15/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(19) Cumulus
Author:Peng, L., C.-H. Sui, K.-M. Lau, W.-K. Tao
Title:Genesis and volution of hierarchical cloud clusters in a two-dimensional cumulus-resolving model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 877-895
Abstract:A two-dimensional cloud ensemble model is integrated over a basin-scale domain with prescribed sea surface temperature (SST), to study the formation and evolution of cloud clusters over a large-scale warm pool.
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Record ID:71/407

Date:01/01/1997
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(12) Climate
Author:Salathe Jr., E.P., D.L. Hartmann
Title:A trajectory analysis of tropical upper-tropospheric moisture and convection
Publication:J. Clim., 10, 2533-2547
Abstract:It is shown that the distribution of upper-tropospheric humidty (UTH) in the cloud-free Tropics can be simulated with a simple model in which air expelled from moist convective regions is dried by subsidence along its trajectory.
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Record ID:71/408

Date:03/04/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lietzke, C.E., C. Deser, T.H. Vonder Haar
Title:Evolutionary structure of the eastern pacific double ITCZ based of satillite moisture profile retrievals
Publication:J. Clim., 14, 743-751
Abstract:For about a month near the boreal vernal equinox, the eastern Pacific intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ) is observed to form two troughts quasi-symmetrically situated about the equator near 5-7 degreees latitude during years when an equatorial sea surface cold tongue is present (e.g., La Nina years).
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Record ID:71/409

Date:07/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Parks Camp, J., M.T. Montgomery
Title:Hurrican Intensity: Past and Present
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1704-1717
Abstract:Hurricane intensity forecasting has lagged far behind the forecasting of hurricane track.
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Record ID:71/410

Date:04/20/1995
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(12) Climate
Author:Udelhofen, P.M., D.L. Hartmann
Title:Influence of tropical cloud systems on the relative humidity in the upper trosphere
Publication:J. Geo. Res., 100, 7423-7440
Abstract:The influence of tropical cloud systems on the relative humidity in the upper trosphere is investigated
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Record ID:71/411

Date:09/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Maloney, E.D., D.L. Hartmann
Title:The Madden-Julian oscillation, barotropic dynamics, and north pacific tropical cyclone formation. Part I: Observations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2559-2570
Abstract:low-level barotropic dynamics my help to explain the modulation of eastern and western North Pacific tropical cyclones by the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) during Northern Hemisphere summer.
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Record ID:71/412

Date:09/15/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Raymond, D.J.
Title:A new model of the Madden-Julian oscillation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2807-2819
Abstract:A new model of the Madden- Julian oscillation (MJO) is presented.
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Record ID:71/413

Date:09/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Schultz, D.M.
Title:Reexamining the clod conveyor belt
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2205-2225
Abstract:Despite the popularity of the conveyor-belt model for portraying the airflow through midlatitude cyclones, questions arise as to the path of the cold coneyor belt, the lower-trospheric airflow poleward of and undereath the warm front.
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Record ID:71/414

Date:08-01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tung, W.-W., M. Yanai
Title:Convective momentum transport observed during the TOGA COARE IOP Part I: General features
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., Accepted
Abstract:The momentum budget residual, X=(X,Y), is estimated with objectively analyzed soundings taken during the TOGA-COARE Intensive obsering Period (November 1992- February 1993) to study the effects of convective momentum transport (CMT) over the western Pacific warm pool.
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Record ID:71/415

Date:11/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tung, W.-W., M. Yanai
Title:Convective momentum transport observed during the TOGA COARE IOP Part II: Case studies
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., Submitted
Abstract:Convective momentum transport (CMT) associated with Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO),tropical waves, linear and nonlinear mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), and the diurnal cycle is studied by examining the momentum buget residual, X= (x,Y), deduced from the objectively analyzed in situ observations during the TOGA COARE Intensive Observing Period (IOP), November 1992-february 1993).
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Record ID:71/416

Date:11/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Semeniuk, K., T.G. Shepherd
Title:The middle-atmosphere hadley circulation and equatorial inertial adjustment
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3077-3096
Abstract:In the tropical middle atmosphere the climatological radiative equilibrium temperature is inconsistent with gradient-wind balance and the available angular momentum, especially during solstice seasons.
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Record ID:71/417

Date:11/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Semeniuk, K. T.G. Shepherd
Title:Mechanisms for tropical upwelling in the stratosphere
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3097-3115
Abstract:The dynamics of the tropical upwelling branch of the stratospheric Brewer-Dobson circulation are examined, with a particular focus on the role on middle-atmosphere Hadley circulation.
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Record ID:71/418

Date:11/15/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Costa, A.A., W.R. Cotton, R.L. Walko, R.A. Pielke Sr.
Title:Coupled ocean-cloud-resolving simulations of the Air-Sea Interactive over the equatorial western pacific
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3357-3375
Abstract:A cloud-resolving model coupled to an ocean model with high vertical resoultionis used to investigate air-sea interaction in 10 day long simulations.
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Record ID:71/419

Date:12/15/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Shinge, S.,T. Satomaura
Title:Westward Generation of Eastward-Moving Tropical Convective Bands in TOGA COARE
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3724-3740
Abstract:Mechanisms responsible for westward generation of eastward-moving tropical convective bands in the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) are investigated using a two-dimensional numerical cloud model.
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Record ID:71/420

Date:2/15/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Shen, W., I. Ginis, R.E. Tuleya
Title:A Numerical Investigation of Land Surface Water on Landfalling Hurricanes
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 789-802
Abstract:Little is known about the effects of surface water over land on the decay of landfilling hurricanes.
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Record ID:71/421

Date:5/15/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Xiaofan, L., C. Sui, K. Lau
Title:Interactions between Tropical Convection and Its Environment: An Energetics Analysis of a 2D Cloud Resolving Simulation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1712-1722
Abstract:The phase relation between the perturbation kinetic energy (K') associated with the tropical convection and the horizontal-mean moist available potential energy associated with environmental conditions is investigated by an energetics analysis of a numerical experiment.
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Record ID:71/422

Date:5/15/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Chan, J., F. Ko, Y.M. Lei
Title:Relationship between Potential Vorticity Tendency and Tropical Motion
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1317-1336
Abstract:This paper proposes a consistent conceptual framework to explain tropical cyclone (TC) motion based on the concept of potential vorticity tendency and to verify this framework based on analyses of different observational datasets.
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Record ID:71/423

Date:08/15/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:J. L. Redels, Parsons, D.B., Guichard, F.
Title:Recovery Processes and Factors Limiting Cloud-Top Height following the Arrival of a Dry Intrusion Observed during TOGA COARE
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci, 59, 2438-2457
Abstract:This study investigates the recovery of the tropical atmosphere to moist conditions following the arrival of a dry intrusion observed during the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Program Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE).
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Record ID:71/424

Date:08/15/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:T. H. Horinouc
Title:Mesoscale Variability of Tropical Precipitation: Validations of Satellite Estimates of Wave Forcing Using TOGA COARE Radar Data
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2428-2437
Abstract:Satellite-derived brightness temperature has been used to estimate tropical precipitation.
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Record ID:71/425

Date:09/01/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tung, W., M. Yanai
Title:Convective Momentum Transport Observed during the TOGA COARE IOP. Part II: Case Studies
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2535-2549
Abstract:Convective momentum transport (CMT) associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), tropical waves, squall and nonsquall mesoscale convective systems (MCS's), and the diurnal cycle is studies by examing the momentum budget residual X = (X,Y) deduced from the objectively analyzed in situ observations during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) intensive observing period (IOP: November 1992-February 1993).
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Record ID:71/426

Date:04/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(40) Lightning
Author:D.J. Cecil, Zipser, E.J.
Title:Reflectivity, Ice Scattering, and Lightning Characteristics of Hurricane Eyewalls and Rainbeds. Part II: Intercomparison of Observations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 785-801
Abstract:Part I of this two-part paper treats Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) radar, passive microwave, and lightning observations in hurricanes individually.
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Record ID:71/427

Date:07/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mechem, D.B., R.A. Houze, S.S. Chen
Title:Layer Inflow into Precipitating Convection over the Western Tropical Pacific
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 128, 1997-2030
Abstract:A conceptual model of tropical convection frequently used in convective parametrization schemes is that of a parcel process in which boundary-layer air characterized by high equivalent potential temperature ascends to great heights in convective updraughts.
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Record ID:71/428

Date:10/01/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(46) Microphysics - Warm Cloud
Author:Li, X., C.H. Sui, K.M. Lau
Title:Dominant Cloud Microphysical Processes in a Tropical Oceanic Convective System: A 2D Cloud Resolving Modeling Study
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2481-2491
Abstract:Dominant cloud microphysical processes associated with a tropical oceanic convective system are investigated based on a 2D cloud resolving simulation.
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Record ID:71/429

Date:10/15/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Chow, K.C., K.L. Chan, A.K.H. Lau
Title:Generation of Moving Spiral Bands in Tropical Cyclones
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2930-2950
Abstract:A theory based on the shallow water equation is developed to explain the generation of moving spiral-banded structures in tropical cyclones.
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Record ID:71/430

Date:11/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(51) Numerical Weather Prediction
Author:Zhang, D., Y. Liu, M.K. Yau
Title:A Multiscale Numerical Study of Hurricane Andrew (1992). Part V: Inner-Core Thermodynamics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2745-2763
Abstract:Although considerable progress has been made in understanding the development of hurricanes our knowledge of their three dimensional structures of latent heat relsease and inner-core thermodynamics remains limited.
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Record ID:71/431

Date:12/1/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Ridout, J.A.
Title:Sensitivity of Tropical Pacific Convection to Dry Layers at Mid-to Upper Levels: Simulations and Parameterization Tests
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3362-3381
Abstract:Numerical forecast experiments are carried out to investigate the implications of observed moisture variablity in the tropical Pacific for deep convection.
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Record ID:71/432

Date:12/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Wang, Y.
Title:An explicit simulation of Tropical Cyclones with a Triply Nested Movable Mesh Primitive Equation Model: TCM3. Part II: Model Refinements and Sensitivity to Cloud Microphysics Parameterization
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 3022-3036
Abstract:It has been long known that cloud microphysics can have a signifigant impact on the simulations of precipitation;however there have been few studies so far that have investigated the effect of cloud microphysics on tropical cyclones.
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Record ID:71/433

Date:12/15/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Johnson, D.E., W.-K. Tao, J. Simpson, C.-H. Sui
Title:A study of the response of deep tropical clouds to large-scale thermodynamic forcings. Part I: Modeling stratigies and scimulations of TOGA COARE convective systems
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3492-3518
Abstract:Interactions between deep tropical clouds over the western Pacific warm pool and the larger-scale environment are key to understanding climate change.
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Record ID:71/434

Date:01/15/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Corbosiero, K.L., J. Molinari
Title:The relationship between storm motion, vertical wind shear, and convective asymmetries in tropical cyclones
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 366-376
Abstract:The influence of the direction of storm motion on the azimuthal distribution of electrified convection in 35 Atlantic basin cyclones from 1985 to 1999 was examined using data from the National Lightning Detection Network.
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Record ID:71/435

Date:05/01/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mapes, B.E., T.T. Warner, M. Xu
Title:Diurnal patterns of rainfall in northwestern South America. Part I: Observations and context
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 799-812
Abstract:One of the rainiest areas on earth, the Panama Bight and Pacific (western) littoral of Columbia, is the focal point for a regional modeling study utilizing the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University - NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) with nested grids.
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Record ID:71/436

Date:05/01/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Warner, T.T., B.E. Mapes, M. Xu
Title:Diurnal patterns of rainfall in northwestern South America. Part II: Model simulations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 813-829
Abstract:The second part of a three-part series documents the ability of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) to successfully replicate some known aspects of the rainfall or northwestern South America.
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Record ID:71/437

Date:05/01/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Mapes, B.E., T.T. Warner, M. Xu
Title:Diurnal patterns of rainfall in northwestern South America. Part III: Diurnal gravity waves and nocturnal convection offshort
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 830-844
Abstract:Afternoon/evening near-coastal convection over land is easily understood as a response to solar heating of the land, turbulent transfer of heat and moisture to the boundary layer, and lifting of air by vigorous sea breeze fronts.
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Record ID:71/438

Date:1/1/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zipser, E.J.
Title:Some views on 'hot tower's after 50 years of tropical field programs and two years of TRMM data
Publication:Meteorol. Monogr., 29, 49-58
Abstract:The 'hot tower' hypothesis requires the existence of deep cumulonimbus clouds in the deep tropicals as essential agents, which accomplish the mass and energy transport essential for the maintenance of general circulation.
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Record ID:71/439

Date:1/1/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Tao, W.K., J. Halverson, M. LeMone, R. Adler, M. Garstang, R. Houze, Jr., R. Pielke, Sr., and W. Woodley
Title:The research of Dr. Joanna Simpson: Fifty years investigating hurricanes, tropical clouds and cloud systems
Publication:Meteorol. Monogr., 29, 1-16
Abstract:Dr. Joanne Simpson's nine specific research contributions to the field of meteorology during her 50-year career...
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Record ID:71/440

Date:5/15/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Nesbitt, S.W., E.J. Zipser
Title:The diurnal cycle of rainfall and convective intensity according to three years of TRMM measurements
Publication:J. Climate, 16, 1456-1475
Abstract:The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite measurements from the precipitation radar and TRMM microwave imager have been combined to yield a comprehensive 3-yr database of precipitation features....
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Record ID:71/441

Date:1/1/2002
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Straub, K.H., G.N. Kiladis
Title:Observations of a convectively coupled Kelvin wave in the Eastern Pacific ITCZ
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 30-53
Abstract:A case study of a convectively coupled Kelvin wave in the eastern Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is presented, as observed during the 1997 Pan American Climate Studies (PACS) Tropical Eastern Pacif Process Study (TEPPS).
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Record ID:71/442

Date:08/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Chen, Y., M.K. Yau
Title:Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part I: Vortex rossby wave verification
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2128-2145
Abstract:An initially axisynmertic hurricane was explicitly simulated using the high-resolution PSU-NCAR nonhydrostatic mesoscale model (MM5).
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Record ID:71/443

Date:05/15/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Chen, Y., G. Brunet, M.K. Yau
Title:Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part II: Wave activity diagnostics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1239-1256
Abstract:The theory of empirical normal modes (ENMs) was applied in a diagnostic study of the inner spiral bands formed in a simulated hurricane using the high-resolution Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU-NCAR) nonhydrostatic mesoscale model version 5 (MM5).
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Record ID:71/444

Date:07/01/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:McTaggert, R., J. R. Gyakum, M.K. Yau
Title:Sensitivity testing of extratropical transitions using potential vorticity inversions to modify initial conditions: Hurricane Earl case study
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1617-1636
Abstract:The study uses the Mesoscale Compressible Community model to simulate the extratropical transition and reintensification of Hurricane Early (1998) for the purposes of testing esnsitivity to modification of the model's initial conditions.
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Record ID:71/445

Date:01/01/2004
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Zhu, T., D.L. Zhang
Title:Numerical simulation of hurricane Bonnie (1998). Part I: Eyewall evolution and intensivity changes
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 225-241.
Abstract:In this study, a 5-day explicit simulation of Hurricane Bonnie (1998) is performed using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) with the finest grid length of 4 km.
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Record ID:71/446

Date:12/15/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lindzen, R.S.
Title:The interaction of waves and convection in the tropics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 3009-3020.
Abstract:Interest in tropical waves and their interaction with convection has been rekindled in recent years by the discovery, using satellite infrared data to track high clouds, that such wave closely display the dispersive properties....
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Record ID:71/447

Date:03/01/2004
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
(2) Aerosols & Aerosols (Scavenging)
Author:Dunion, J.P., C.S. Velden
Title:The impact of the Saharan air layer on Atlantic tropical cyclone activity
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., March 2004, 353-365
Abstract:The Saharan air layer may be yet another piece of the puzzle in advancing our understanding of tropical cyclone intensity change in the North Atlantic and Caribbean.
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Record ID:71/448

Date:06/01/2004
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Henricks, E.A., M.T. Montgomery, and C.A. Davis
Title:The role of
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 1209-1232
Abstract:A high-resolution (3-km horizontal grid spacing) near-cloud-resolving numerical simulation of the formation of Hurricane Diana (1984) is used to examine the contribution of deep convective processes to tropical cyclone formation.
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Record ID:71/449

Date:09/15/2003
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Chen, Y., M.K. Yau
Title:Assymetric structures in a simulated landfalling hurricane
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2294-2312
Abstract:Highly asymmetric structures in a landfalling hurricane can lead to the formation of heavy rains, wind gusts, and tornados at prefered locations relative to the center of a hurricane.
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Record ID:71/450

Date:3/1/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Willoughby, H.E., P.G. Black
Title:Hurricane Andrew in Florida: Dynamics of a disaster.
Publication:Bull. of the A.M.S., 77, 3, 543-549
Abstract:Four meteorological factors aggrivated the devestation when Andrew struck South Florida: completed replacement of the original eyewall by an outer, concentric eyewall while Andrew was still at sea; storm translation so fast that the eye crossed the populated coastline before the influence of land could weaken it appreciably; extreme wind speed, 82 m/s-1 winds measured by aircraft flying at 2.5 km; and formation of an intense, but nontornadic, convective vortex in the eyewall at the time of landfall.
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Record ID:71/451

Date:2/1/1994
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Wakimoto, R.M., P.G. Black
Title:Damage survey of Hurricane Andrew and its relationship to the eyewall.
Publication:Bull. of the A.M.S., 75, 2, 189-200
Abstract:A damage map documenting Hurricane Andrew's destructive landfall over southern Florida is presented.
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Record ID:71/452

Date:10/1/1993
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Hodanish, S., W.M. Gray
Title:An observational analysis of tropical cyclone recurvature.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2665-2689
Abstract:Data for 21 years (1957-77) of North Pacific rawinsondes were examined to investigate the interaction between the synoptic-scale circulation and tropical cyclones prior to, and during, the recurvature process.
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Record ID:71/453

Date:08/01/2005
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
(10) Boundary Layer Dynamics And Thermal Convection
Author:Morrison, I., S. Businger, F. Marks, P. Dodge, J.A. Businger
Title:An observational case for the prevalence of roll vortices in the hurricane boundary layer
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2662-2673.
Abstract:Doppler velocity data from Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) radars during four hurricane landfalls are analyzed to investigate the presence of organized vortices in the hurricane boundary layer (HBL).
Location:8
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Record ID:71/454

Date:08/01/2005
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
(10) Boundary Layer Dynamics And Thermal Convection
Author:Foster, R.C.
Title:Why rolls are prevalent in the hurricane boundary layer
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2647-2661.
Abstract:Recent remote sensing observations show that the hurricane boundary layer flow, although energetic, is not a region of homogenesous turbulence.
Location:8
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Record ID:71/455

Date:6/13/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(12) Climate
Author:Mann, K., K.A. Emanuel
Title:Atlantic Hurricane trends linked to climate change
Publication:EOS, 87, 233,238, 241
Abstract:None
Location:8
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Record ID:71/456

Date:6/13/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(12) Climate
Author:Mann, K., K.A. Emanuel
Title:Atlantic Hurricane trends linked to climate change
Publication:EOS, 87, 233,238, 241
Abstract:None
Location:8
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Record ID:71/457

Date:10/10/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lin, X., J.L.F. Li, M.J. Suarez, A.M. Tompkins, D.E. Waliser, M.M. Rienecker, J. Bacmeister, J.H. Jiang, C.M. Tassone, J.D. Chern, B. Chen, H. Su
Title:A view of Hurricane Katrina with early 21st century technology
Publication:EOS, 87, 433,440.
Abstract:None
Location:Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:71/458

Date:9/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Kepert, J.D.
Title:Observed boundary layer wind structure and balance in the hurricane core. Part I: Hurricane Georges
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2169-2193.
Abstract:The GPS dropsonde allows observations at unprecedentedly high horizontal and vertical resolution, and of very high accuracy, within the topical cyclone boundary layer.
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Record ID:71/459

Date:09/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Kepert, J.D.
Title:Observed boundary layer wind structure and balance in the hurricane core. Part II: Hurricane Mitch
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2194-2211.
Abstract:Part I of this paper presented a detailed analysis of the boundary layer of Hurricane Georges (1998), based on mainly on the newly available high-resolution SPS dropsonde data.
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Record ID:71/460

Date:10/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Franklin, C.N., G.J. Holland, P.T. May
Title:Mechnisms for the generation of mesoscale vorticity features in tropical cyclone rainbands
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2649-2669.
Abstract:A high-resolution tropical cyclone model with explicit cloud microphysics has been used to investigate the dynamics and energetics of tropical cyclone rainbands.
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Record ID:71/461

Date:10/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Wirth, V., T.J. Dunkerton
Title:A unified perspective on the dynamics of axisymmetric hurricanes and monsoons
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2529-2547.
Abstract:This paper provides a unified perspective on the dynamics of hurricane- and monsoonlike vortices by identifying them as specific limiting cases of a more general flow system.
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Record ID:71/462

Date:03/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Cetrone, J., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Characteristics of tropical convection over the ocean near Kwajalein
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 834-853.
Abstract:Radar observations have been analyzed to determine characteristics of convection over the oceanic region around Kwajalein in the tropical western Pacific.
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Record ID:71/463

Date:01/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
(2) Aerosols & Aerosols (Scavenging)
Author:Evan, A.T., J. Dunion, J.A. Foley, A.K. Heidinger, D.S. Velden
Title:New evidence for a relationship between Atlantic tropical cyclone activity and African dust outbreaks
Publication:Geophys., Res. Ltrs., 33, L19813, doi:10.1029/2006GL026408.
Abstract:It is well known that Atlantic tropical cyclone activity varies strongly over time, and that summertime dust transport over the North Atlantic also varies from year to year, but any connection between tropical cyclone...
Location:8
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Record ID:71/464

Date:12/01/2005
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Paterson, L.A., B.N. Hanstrum, N.E. Davidson, H.C. Weber
Title:Influence of environmental vertical wind shear on the intensity of hurricane-strength tropical cyclones in the Australian region
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 3644-3660.
Abstract:NCEP-NCAR reanlyses have been used to investigate the impact of environmental wind shear on the intensity change of hurricane-strength tropical cyclones in the Australian region.
Location:8
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Record ID:71/465

Date:12/01/2005
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Paterson, L.A., B.N. Hanstrum, N.E. Davidson, H.C. Weber
Title:Influence of environmental vertical wind shear on the intensity of hurricane-strength tropical cyclones in the Australian region
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 3644-3660.
Abstract:NCEP-NCAR reanlyses have been used to investigate the impact of environmental wind shear on the intensity change of hurricane-strength tropical cyclones in the Australian region.
Location:8
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Record ID:71/466

Date:12/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Tory, K. J., M. T. Montgomery, N. E. Davidson
Title:Prediction and Diagnosis of Tropical Cyclone Formation in an NWP System. Part I: The Critical Role of Vortex Enhancement in Deep Convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 3077-3090.
Abstract:This is the first of a three-part investigation into tropical cyclone (TC) genesis in the Australian Bureau of Meteorology’s Tropical Cyclone Limited Area Prediction System (TC-LAPS), an operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecast model.
Location:http://ams.allenpress.com/perlserv/?request=get-toc&issn=1520-0469&volume=63&issue=12
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Record ID:71/467

Date:12/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Tory, K. J., M. T. Montgomery, N. E. Davidson, J. D. Kepert
Title:Prediction and Diagnosis of Tropical Cyclone Formation in an NWP System. Part II: A Diagnosis of Tropical Cyclone Chris Formation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 3091-3113.
Abstract:This is the second of a three-part investigation into tropical cyclone (TC) genesis in the Australian Bureau of Meteorology’s Tropical Cyclone Limited Area Prediction System (TC-LAPS).
Location:http://ams.allenpress.com/perlserv/?request=get-toc&issn=1520-0469&volume=63&issue=12
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Record ID:71/468

Date:01/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Hoffman, R.N., J.M. Henderson, S.M. Leidner, C. Grassotti, T. Nehrkorn
Title:Using 4d-var to move a simulated tropical cyclone in a mesoscale model
Publication:Computers Math. with Appl.
Abstract:It is shown that four-dimensional variational analysis (4d-VAR) is a data assimilation technique that has promise for calculating optimal perturbations for weather modification.
Location:8
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Record ID:71/469

Date:01/09/2005
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Hoffman, R.N., C. Grassotti, J.M. Henderson, S.M. Leidner, G. Modica, T. Nehrkorn
Title:Controlling the evolution of a simulated hurricane through optimal perturbations: Initial experiments using a 4-D variational analysis system
Publication:Proc., 16th Conf. on Planned and Inadvertent Weather Modification, San Diego, CA, 9-13 Jan 2005, Amer. Met. Soc.
Abstract:None
Location:8
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Record ID:71/470

Date:07/01/2006
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Hoffman, R.N., J.M. Henderson, S.M. Leidner, C. Grassotti, T. Nehrkorn
Title:The response of damaging winds of a simulated tropical cyclone to finiite-amplitude perturbations of different variables
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1924-1937.
Abstract:Four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVAR) is an established data assimilation method that finds the finite-amplitude perturbation that best fits the observations consistent with a priori information and model dynamics.
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Record ID:71/471

Date:01/01/2205
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Henderson, J.M., R.N. Hoffman, S. M. Leidner, T. Nehrkorn, C. Grassotti
Title:A 4-D-Var study on the potential of weather control and exigent weather forecasting
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 3037-3051.
Abstract:Four-dimensional variational data assimilation is a well-established operational technique whereby a background estimate of the atmosphere is optimally blended with observations, subject to the constraints of the model dynamics and the uncertainties of the information presents to the system.
Location:8
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Record ID:71/472

Date:02/27/2007`
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Lau, W.K.M., K.-M. Kim
Title:How nature foiled the 2006 hurricane forecasts
Publication:EOX, 88, 9, 105, 107.
Abstract:The 2006 hurricane season proved again that predicting Mother Nature is a very precarious undertaking.
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Record ID:71/473

Date:12/15/2001
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(2) Aerosols & Aerosols (Scavenging)
Author:Andreas, E.L., K.A. Emanuel
Title:Effects of sea spray on tropical cyclone intensity
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3741-3751.
Abstract:The intensity of tropical cyclones is sensitive to the rates at which enthalpy and momentum are transferred between sea and air in the high-wind core of the storm.
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Record ID:71/474

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Landsea, C.
Title:Counting Atlantic tropical cyclones back to 1900
Publication:EOS, 88, 197-208.
Abstract:None
Location:8
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Record ID:71/475

Date:06/01/2007
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Cram, T.A., J. Persing, M.T. Montgomery, S.A. Braun
Title:A Langrangian trajectory view on transport and mixing processes between the eye, eyewall, and environment using a high resolution simulation of Hurricane Bonnie (1998)
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 1835-1856.
Abstract:The transport and mixing characteristics of a large sample of air parcels within a mature and vertically sheared hurricane vortex are examined.
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Record ID:71/476

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Haynes, J. M., and G. L. Stephens
Title:Tropical oceanic cloudiness and the incidence of precipitation: Early results from CloudSat
Publication:Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L09811, doi:10.1029/2007GL029335
Abstract:Results of analysis of CloudSat radar data collected during the first three months of operation are described. It is shown that the global tropical oceans (30N–30S) predominantly favor clouds with tops in two layers centered at about 2 and 12 km.
Location:http://www.agu.org/contents/journals/ViewJournalContents.do?journalCode=GL&viewBy=date&year=2007&month=May&sortBy=pubDate
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Record ID:71/477

Date:7/1/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:Black, M.L., R.W. Burpee, F.D. Marks, Jr.
Title:Vertical motion characteristics of tropical cyclones determined with airborne Doppler radial velocities.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 13, 1887-1909
Abstract:Vertical motions in the seven Atlantic hurricanes are determined from data recorded by Doppler radars on research aircraft.
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Record ID:71/478

Date:7/1/1996
Subject:(71) Tropical Meteorology
(43) Mesoscale Tropical
Author:Johnson, R.H., R.E. Ciesielski, K.A. Hart
Title:Tropical inversions near the 0 degree centigrade level.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 13, 1838-1855
Abstract:Soundings taken from the tropical western Pacific warm pool region during TOGA COARE reveal the common occurrence of temperature and moisture perturbations near the 0 C level.
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Record ID:71/479

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