Date:07/15/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Davis, C.A., M.L. Weisman
Title:Balanced dynamics of mesoscale vortices produced in simulated convective systems
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2005-2030
Abstract:Long-lived, mesoscale convective systems are known to occasionally produce mesoscale convective vortices (MCVs) in the lower to middle troposphere with horizontal scales averaging 100-200 km. The formation of MCVs is investigated using fully three-dimensional cloud model simulations of idealized, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), initialized with a finite length line of unstable perturbations. In agreement
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Record ID:42/1

Date:07/15/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Caniaux, G., J-L. Redelsperger, J-P. Lafore
Title:A numerical study of the stratiform regions of a fast-moving squall line. Part I: General description and water and heat budgets
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2046-2074
Abstract:A two-dimensional nonhydrostatic cloud model is applied to the simulation of a tropical squall line that occurred on 23 June during the COPT 81 experiment. Owing to the use of an ice paratmerization scheme, the simulation reproduces many interesting features of the stratiform part observed with Doppler radars. In particular,
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Record ID:42/2

Date:11/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(53) Planetary/Atmospheric Boundary
Author:Balaji, V., J.-L. Redelsperger, G.P. Klaassen
Title:Mechanisms for the mesoscale organization of tropical cloud clusters in GATE phase III. Part I: Shallow cloud bands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3571-3589
Abstract:Mesoscale cloud clusters are a frequently observed featre of the tropical atmosphere and are primarily responsible for the observed large-scale vertical mass flux.
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Record ID:42/3

Date:06/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Belair, S., D.-L. Zhang, J. Mailhot
Title:Numerical prediction of the 10-11 June 1985 squall line with the Canadian regional finite-element model
Publication:Weather and Forecasting, 9, 157-172
Abstract:In an effort to improve operational forecasts of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), a mesoscale version of the operational Canadian Regional Finite-Element (RFE) Model with a grid size of 25 km is used to predict an intense
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Record ID:42/4

Date:06/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bresch, James F.
Title:Numerical simulation and analysis of a series of mesoscale convective systems
Publication:Atmos. Sci. Paper #558, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
Abstract:A case in which a series of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) traversed across Kansas and Oklahoma (3-4 June 1985), was examined using observations and the MM4 model.
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Record ID:42/5

Date:05/15/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chao, W.C., S.-J. Lin
Title:Tropical intraseasonal oscillation, super cloud clusters, and cumulus convection schemes
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1282-1297
Abstract:A new framework for interpreting the origin of the tropical interseasonal oscillation (TISO), which avoids the speed and scale selection problems in the previous theories is proposed in this study.
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Record ID:42/6

Date:06/15/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Lin, X., R.H. Johnson
Title:Heat and moisture budgets and circulation characteristics of a frontal squall line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1661-1681
Abstract:Heat and moisture budgets and mesoscale circulation features for the developing, mature, and dissipating stages of an intense frontal squall line that occurred in the central United States are investigated.
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Record ID:42/7

Date:04/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Lau, K.-M., L. Peng, C.H. Sui, T. Nakazawa
Title:Dynamics of super cloud clusters, westerly wind bursts, 30-60 day oscilations and ENSO: An unified view
Publication:J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 67, 205-219
Abstract:In this paper we present results of several preliminary numerical experiments to study the mechanism of the observed variabilities in wind and convection associated with super cloud clusters (SCC), westerly wind bursts and
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Record ID:42/8

Date:10/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(59) Radar Meteorology
Author:Braun, S.A., R.A. Houze Jr.
Title:The transition zone and secondary maximum of radar reflectivity behind a midlatitude squall line: Results retrieved from Doppler radar data
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2733-2755
Abstract:Thermodynamic and microphysical retrieval techniques are applied to dual-Doppler synthesized air motion fields for midlatitude squall line, which passed through the Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for the Stormscale Operational and Research Meteorology Program (PRE-STORM) observational array in Kansas and Oklahoma on 10-11 June 1985.
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Record ID:42/9

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Moller, J.D., R.K. Smith
Title:The development of potential vorticity in a hurricane-like vortex
Publication:Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 1255-1265
Abstract:We investigate the time evolution of the potential-vorticity distribution in an axisymmetric hurricane-like vortex using a numerical model based on a formulation by Schubert and Alworth
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Record ID:42/10

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Shutts, G.J., M.E.B. Gray
Title:A numerical modelling study of the geostrophic adjustment process following deep convection
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 1145-1178
Abstract:A high resolution numerical model based on the anelastic equations of motion is used to simulate the geostrophic adjustment process that follows the growth of a single, deep convective plume.
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Record ID:42/11

Date:11/15/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chin, H.-N.S.
Title:The impact of the ice phase and radiation on a midlatitude squall line system
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci, 51, 3320-3343
Abstract:A two-dimensional cloud model is used to study the interrelationships among cloud microphysics, radiation, and dynamics in a midlatitude broken-line squall system. The impact of the ice phase, longwave and shortwave radiation on the dynamic and microphysical structures of this multicellular storm, the thermodynamic properties of the cloud ensemble, and their cloud-radiative feedback to the modeled squall line system in investigated in detail.
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Record ID:42/12

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Young, G.S., S.M. Perugini, C.W. Fairall.
Title:Convective wakes in the equatorial western Pacific during TOGA
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 110-123.
Abstract:The evolution of convective wakes was studied using composite time series calculated from data collected in the western Pacific warm pool during a pilot cruise and intensive ovservation period (IOP) of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE). Hourly averaged observations from 42 convective wakes were used to compute wake-relative composite time series of the bulk meteorological variables, as well as sensible and latent heat fluxes.
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Record ID:42/13

Date:01/15/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Jiang, H., D.J. Raymond
Title:Simulation of a mature mesoscale convective system using a nonlinear balance model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 161-175
Abstract:The authors have made a number of calculations with a nonlinear balance model to test the hypothesis that the mesoscale lifting observed in the mature phase of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) can be explained as a moist, quasi-balanced process.
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Record ID:42/14

Date:03/00/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Johnson, R.H., B.D. Miner, P.E. Ciesielski
Title:Circulations between mesoscale convective systems along a cold front
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 585-599
Abstract:A frontal squall line that passed over the central United States on 14-15 June 1985 consisted of several primary mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) with a prominent gap (several hundred kilometers wide) between two of them over central Kansas and Oklahoma. An upper-level jet streak crossed the front at right angles, with the jet exit region centered in the gap.
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Record ID:42/15

Date:03/00/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Loehrer, S.M., R.H. Johnson
Title:Surface pressure and precipitation life cycle characteristics of PRE-STORM mesocale convective systems
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 600-621
Abstract:Extensive observations of the May-June 1985 Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central (OK PRE-STORM) are used to examine the life cycle characteristics of 16 mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). The primary focus is on the surface pressure, flow, and precipitation structures of the MCSs.
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Record ID:42/16

Date:03/00/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Yang, M.-J., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Multicell Squall-line structure as a manifestation of vertically trapped gravity waves
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 641-661
Abstract:Two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulations of a midlatitude squall line with a high-resolution non-hydrostatic model suggest that the multicellular structure of the storm may be associated with gravity waves generated by convection. Time-lapse display fo model output demonstrates that the commonly described 'cut-off' process is actually a gravity wave phenomenon.
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Record ID:42/17

Date:02/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Caniaux, G., J.-P. Lafore, J.-L. Redelsperger
Title:A numerical study of the stratiform region of a fast-moving squall line. Part II: Relationship between mass, pressure, and momentum fields
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 331-352
Abstract:In a companion paper, a two-dimensional simulation of a fast-moving tropical squall line was successfully compared to observations performed during the COPT81 experiment over West Africa. The full ice phase parameterization is shown to be crucial in the simulation of trailing anvil precipitation.
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Record ID:42/18

Date:04/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Wolf, B.J., D.R. Johnson
Title:The mesoscale forcing of a midlatitude upper-tropospheric jet streak by a simulated convective system. Part I: Mass circulation and ageostrophic processes
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1059-1087
Abstract:The mutual forcing of a midlatitude upper-tropospheric jet streak by organized mesoscale adiabatic and diabatic processes within a simulated convective system (SCS) is investigated. Using isentropic diagnostics, results from a three-dimensional numerical simulation of an SCS are examined to study the isallobaric flow field, modes of dominant ageostrophic motion, and stability changes in relation to the mutual interdependence of adiabatic processes and latent heat release.
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Record ID:42/19

Date:04/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Wolf, B.J., D.R. Johnson
Title:The mesoscale forcing of a midlatitude upper-tropospheric jet streak by a simulated convective system. Part II: Kinetic energy and resolution analysis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1088-1111
Abstract:A kinetic energy (KE) analysis of the forcing of a mesoscale upper-tropospheric jet streak by organized diabatic processes within the simulated convective system (SCS) that was discussed in Part I is presented in this study. The relative contributions of the ageostrophic components of motion to the generation of KE of the convectively generated jet streak are compared, along with the KE generation by the rotational (nondivergent) and irrotational (divergent) mass transport.
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Record ID:42/20

Date:06/15/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Gallus, W.A., Jr., R.H. Johnson
Title:The dynamics of circulations within the trailing stratiform regions of squall lines. Part I: The 10-11 June PRE-STORM system
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2161-2187
Abstract:A dynamic version of the two-dimensional kinematic cloud model of Rutledge and Houze has been developed to investigate the effects of microphysics on circulations within the stratiform regions of mesoscale convective systems.
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Record ID:42/21

Date:06/15/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Gallus, W.A., Jr., R.H. Johnson
Title:The dynamics of circulations within the trailing stratiform regions of squall lines. Part II: Influence of the convective line and ambient environment
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2188-2211
Abstract:A dynamic version of the two-dimensional kinematic cloud model of Rutledge and Houze is used to study the individual roles of hydrometeor and heat advection from the convective line to the stratiform region of the 10-11 June 1985 PRE-STORM squall line.
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Record ID:42/22

Date:04/15/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Zhang, D.-L., R. Harvey
Title:Enhancement of extratropical cyclogenesis by a mesoscale convective system
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1107-1127
Abstract:Considerable progress has been made in the past decades on understanding the life cycle of rapidly deepening winter cyclones. However, little attention has been paid to the role that mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) play during extratropical cyclogenesis within weak baroclinic environments. In this study, the impact of an MCS on the subsequent surface cyclogenesis is investigated by extending the previously documented 21-h simulation of the 10-11 June 1985 PRE-STORM squall line to 36 hours
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Record ID:42/23

Date:05/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(59) Radar Meteorology
Author:Fu, Q., S.K. Krueger, K.N. Liou
Title:Interactions of radiation and convection in simulated tropical cloud clusters
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1310-1328
Abstract:A two-dimensional cumulus ensemble model is used to study the interactions of radiation and convection in tropical squall cloud clusters. The model includes cloud-scale and mesoscale dynamics, and improved bulk ice microphysics parameterization, and an advanced interactive radiative transfer scheme.
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Record ID:42/24

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Heymsfield, G.M., R. Fulton
Title:Passive microwave and infrared structure of mesoscale convective systems
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 54, 123-139
Abstract:The precipitation structure of mature Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS) is examined in both the midlatitudes and the tropics using SSM/I microwave measurements, geostationary satellite observations, and ground-based radar observations.
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Record ID:42/25

Date:02/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Zuyu, T., W. Hongqing, B. Jie, A. Wenqin, S. Dingpu, Y. Hongmei
Title:A case of mesoscale convective complex evolving into a vortex
Publication:Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 9, 184-189
Abstract:A case of mesoscale convective complex (MCC) which evolved into a vortex is documented in this paper.
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Record ID:42/26

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Laing, A.G., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Mesoscale convective complexes in Africa
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2254-2263
Abstract:Dignitzed full-disk infrared satellite imagery from European geostationary satellite (Meteosat) for 1986 and 1987 was used
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Record ID:42/27

Date:12/15/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Lorenze, E.N.
Title:The slow manifold--What is it?
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2449-2451
Abstract:Two studies that diagree as to whether a slow manifold is present in a particular low-order primitive equation model are compared
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Record ID:42/28

Date:09/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chin, H.N.S., Q. Fu, M.M. Bradley, C.R. Molenkamp
Title:Modeling of a tropical squal line in two dimensions sensitivity to radiation and comparison with a midlatitude case
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 3172-3193
Abstract:A two-dimensional cloud model is used to study oceanic squall-line system. The dynamical and microphysical structures of the simulated squall-line system and the impact of environmental wind profiles on
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Record ID:42/29

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Smull, B.F., M.A. Augustine
Title:Multiscale analysis of a mature mesoscale convective complex
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 103-132
Abstract:A multiscale anlysis reveals diverse atmospheric structure and processes within a mesoscale convective complex (MCC) observed during the Oklahoma Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central
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Record ID:42/30

Date:01/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Stumpf, G.J., R.H. Johnson, B.F. Smull
Title:The wake low in a midlatitude mesoscale convective system having complex convective organization
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 134-158
Abstract:An analysis has been carried out on the surface pressure field in a highly complex mesoscale convective system that occurred on 3-4 June 1985 during the Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment
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Record ID:42/31

Date:01/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bartels, D.L., R.A. Maddox
Title:Midlevel cyclonic vortices generated by mesoscale convective systems
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 104-118
Abstract:Despite the large number of convective system that occure over the central US every year, there are typically only a few well-defined, midlevel vortices apparent in satellite imagery after the overlying
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Record ID:42/32

Date:02/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bernstein, B.C., R.H. Johnson
Title:A dual-Doppler radar study of an OK PRE-STORM heat burst event
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 259-273
Abstract:Doppler and conventional radar, surface mesonetwork, and sounding data are used to investigate heat bursts that accompanied
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Record ID:42/33

Date:12/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Biggerstaff, M.I., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Midlevel vorticity structure of the 10-11 June 1985 squall line
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 3066-3079
Abstract:The comprehensive analysis of the kinematic structure of the mature phase of the 10-11 June 1985 squall-line system was used to examine the midlevel vertical-vorticity structure of the storm to show that
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Record ID:42/34

Date:09/15/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Biggerstaff, M.I., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Kinematics and microphysics of the transition zone of the 10-11 June 1985 squall line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3091-3110
Abstract:A high-resolution composite analysis covering the entire breadth of the northern portion of a mature leading-line, trailing stratiform squall-line system revals that mean
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Record ID:42/35

Date:05/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Brandes, E.A., C.L. Ziegler
Title:Mesoscale downdraft influences on vertical vorticity in a mature mesoscale convective system
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1337-1353
Abstract:The vorticity dynamics of a lower-tropspheric mesovortex within a mature mesoscale convective system (MCS) is investigated with observations from a special sounding network and with
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Record ID:42/36

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Carbone, R.E., J.W. Conway, N.A. Crook, M.W. Moncrieff
Title:The generation and propgation of a nocturnal squall line. Part I: Observations and implications for mesoscale predictability
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 26-49
Abstract:The initiation and forcing of a squall line of 26-27
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Record ID:42/37

Date:11/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chang, C.Y., M. Yoshizaki
Title:A numerical study of the mesoscale convective system observed over Okinawa Island in June 1987
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2724-2733
Abstract:A mesoscale convective system (MCS) observed over Okinawa Island in Japan during the Baiu season is studied numerically by using a two-dimensional compressible model with warm-rain cloud physics
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Record ID:42/38

Date:01/15/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chang, C.Y., M. Yoshizaki
Title:Three-dimensional modeling study of squall lines observed in COPT81
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 161-183
Abstract:Two long-lieve tropical squall lines (TSLs) observed during the COPT8s experiment are studied numerically by using a three-dimensional compressible model with warm-rain cloud physics.
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Record ID:42/39

Date:11/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chen, C.S.
Title:A numerical study of a squall line over the Taiwan Strait during TAMEX IOP 2
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2677-2698
Abstract:A two-dimensional numerical cloud model was used to investigate a squall line that occurred over the Taiwan Straight on 17 May 1987 during TAMEX (Taiwan Area Mesoscale Experiment).
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Record ID:42/40

Date:03/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chen, G.T.C., H.C. Chou
Title:General characteristics of squall lines observed in TAMEX
Publication:Mon. WEa. Rev., 121, 726-733
Abstract:Six cases of prefrontal squall lines were observed over the Taiwan Strait and western Taiwant during the 1987 Taiwant Area Mesoscale Experiment (TAMEX).
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Record ID:42/41

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chen, S.S., W.M. Frank
Title:A numerical study of the genesis of extratropical convective mesovortices. Part I: Evolution and dynamics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2401-2426
Abstract:The purpose of this study is to understand the genesis of extratropical convective mesovortices and the large-scale environmental features that influence the vortex formation.
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Record ID:42/42

Date:08/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chong, M., D. Hauser
Title:A tropical squall line observed during the COPT 81 experiment in West Africa. Part III: Heat and moisture budgets
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1696-1706
Abstract:The role of moist convective processes in the heat and moisture budgets of the 22 June 1981 tropical squall line is investigated.
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Record ID:42/43

Date:02/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cram, J.M., R.A. Pielke, W.R. Cotton
Title:Numerical simulation and analysis of a prefrontal squall line. Part I: Observations and basic simulation results
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 189-208
Abstract:An observational and numerical study of the squall line that occurred on 17-18 June 1978 is presented.
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Record ID:42/44

Date:02/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cram, J.M., R.A. Pielke, W.R. Cotton
Title:Numerical simulation and analysis of a prefrontal squall line. Part II: Propagation of the squall line as an internal gravity wave
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 209-225
Abstract:A numerical study of the squall line that occurred on 17-18 June 1978 was described in Part I of this paper.
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Record ID:42/45

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Crook, N.A., R.E. Carbone, M.W. Moncrieff, J.W. Conway
Title:The generation and propagation of a nocturnal squall line. Part I: Numerical simulations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 50-65
Abstract:The mechanism behind the convective regeneration that occurred at midnight on 26 May 1985 in the Kansas PRE-STORM network (described in part *) are examined with numerical cloud model.
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Record ID:42/46

Date:01/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Gallus, W.A., Jr., R.H. Johnson
Title:Heat and moisture budgets of an intense midlatitude squall line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 122-146
Abstract:Rawinsonde data from OK PRE-STORM are used to calculate the heat and moisture budgets during the late mature through dissipating stages of an intense squall line system with a trailing stratiform region.
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Record ID:42/47

Date:03/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Gallus, W.A., Jr., R.H. Johnson
Title:The momentum budget of an intense midlatitude squall line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 422-450
Abstract:Rawinsonde data from OK PRe-STORm are used to calculate the momentum budgets of an intense mid-latitude squall-line system with a trailing statiform region.
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Record ID:42/48

Date:04/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Garstang, M., H.L. Massie, Jr., J. Halverson, S. Greco, J. Scala
Title:Amazone coastal squall lines. Part I: Structure and kinematics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 608-622
Abstract:Mesoscale to synoptic-scale squall lines that form along the northeastern coast of South America as sea-breeze induced instability lines and propagate through the Amazon Basin are investigated using data collected during the
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Record ID:42/49

Date:04/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Greco, S., J. Scala, J. Halverson, H.L. Massie, Jr., W.K. Tao, M. Garstang
Title:Amazon costal squall lines. Part II: Heat and moisture transports
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 623-635
Abstract:The column response to propagating deep convection over the central Amazone Basin is investigated with rawinsonde data from the Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE 2B).
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Record ID:42/50

Date:12/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Hemler, R.S., F.B. Lipps, B.B. Ross
Title:A simulation of a squall line using a nonhydrostatic cloud model with a 5-km horizontal grid
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 3012-3033
Abstract:A three-dimensional nonhydrostatic cloud models is used to siulate the squall line observed in central Texas on 11 April 1979.
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Record ID:42/51

Date:00/00/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Klimowski, B.A.
Title:Initiation and development of rear inflow within the 28-29 June 1989 North Dakota mesoconvective system
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 765-779
Abstract:Five dual-Doppler analyses spanning a period of 1.5 h are used to document to initiation and development of rear inflow within a High Plains squall line.
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Record ID:42/52

Date:07/01/1981
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Maddox, R.A.
Title:Satellite depiction of the life cycle of a mesoscale convective complex
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1583-1586
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/53

Date:10/01/1982
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Maddox, R.A., D.M. Rodgers, K.W. Howard
Title:Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States during 1981 -- Annual summary
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1501-1514
Abstract:Satellite images are used to document the life cycles of Mesoscale Convective Complexes (MCCs) which occurred over the United States during the warm season months of 1981.
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Record ID:42/54

Date:05/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Mapes, B.E., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Cloud clusters and superclusters over the oceanic warm poos
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 151, 1398-1415
Abstract:Infrared satellite images of the oceanic warm-pool region (80 deg E to 160 deg W) have been objectively processed to reveal tropical ``cloud clusters' with temperatures colder than a given threshold.
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Record ID:42/55

Date:04/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, R.L., W.R. Cotton
Title:The precipitation life cycle of mesoscale convective complexes over the central United States
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 784-808
Abstract:The mesoscale convective complex is a common and particularly well organized class of mesoscale storm systems over the central United States.
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Record ID:42/56

Date:09/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, R.L., W.R. Cotton
Title:Early growth of mesoscale convective complexes: ameso-beta scale cycle of convective precipitation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1851-1877
Abstract:The evolution of precipitation fields associated with several mesoscale convective complexes (MCCs) has been inferred from radar reflectivity data.
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Record ID:42/57

Date:03/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Meischner, P.F., V.N. Bringi, D. Heiman, H. Holler
Title:A squall line in southern Germany: Kinematics and precipitation formation as deducted by advanced polarimetric and Doppler radar measurements
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 678-701
Abstract:A multiscale analysis of a squall line system is reported in this paper.
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Record ID:42/58

Date:00/00/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, J.E., R.L. McAnelly, W.R. Cotton
Title:An observational analysis of a developing mesoscale convective complex
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1168-1188
Abstract:Dual-Doppler radar, surface mesonet, satellite, and upper-air sounding data from the 1985 Preliminary Regional Experiment for
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Record ID:42/59

Date:12/01/1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nicholls, M.E., R.H. Johnson, W.R. Cotton
Title:The sensitivity of two-dimensional simulations of tropical squall lines to environmental profiles
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3625-3649
Abstract:Two-dimensional experiments are carried out to determine the effect of various wind thermodynamic structure on squall line characteristics.
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Record ID:42/60

Date:12/15/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Raymond, D.J., J. Jiang
Title:A theory for long-lived mesoscale convective systems
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 3067-3077
Abstract:It is proposed that certain long-lived mesoscale convective systems maintain themselves through an interaction between quasi-balanced vertical motions and the diabatic effects of moist convection.
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Record ID:42/61

Date:08/15/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Rasmussen, E.N., S.A. Rutledge
Title:Evolution of quasi-two-dimensional squall lines. Part I: Kinematic and reflectivity structure
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2584-2606
Abstract:Doppler radar observations that establish common patterns in the evolution of the reflectivity and flow structures of squall lines are described
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Record ID:42/62

Date:04/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Rotunno, R., J.B. Klemp, M.L. Weisman
Title:Comments on 'A numerical investigation of the organization and interaction of the convective and stratiform regions of tropical squall lines
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1031-1033
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/63

Date:04/1/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Smull, B.F.
Title:Convectively induced mesoscale weather systems in the tropical and warm-season midlatitude atmosphere
Publication:Reviews of Geophysics, V. 33 Supplement, April 1995, pp. 897-906. U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, 1991-1994.
Abstract:No Abstract Available
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Record ID:42/64

Date:12/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Stensrud, D.J., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Mesoscale convective systems in weakly forced large-scale environments. Part I: Observations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3326-3344
Abstract:During a 24-h period, beginning 1200 UTC 11 May 1982, a series of five mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) developed within a weakly forced large-scale environment. Analyses indicate that the large-scale flow created a broad region of potential buoyant energy, but owing to a restraining inversion and weak large-scale upward motion, convection was initiated only where lifting associated with mesoscale features was able to eliminate the inversion.
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Record ID:42/65

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Roux, F., S. Ju
Title:Single-Doppler observation of a West African squall line on 27-28 May 1981 during COPT 81: Kinematics, thermodynamics and water budget
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1826-1854
Abstract:A large and intesne West African squall line has been observed during the night of 27-28 May 1981 at Korhogo (in the north of Ivory Coast) during the DOPE 81 experiment.
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Record ID:42/66

Date:09/15/1987
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Rutledge, S.A., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:A diagnostic modeling study of the trailing stratiform region of a midlatitude squall line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2640-2656
Abstract:A kinematic model with continuity equations for sensible heat, water vapor, cloud water, rain, and graupel is used to determine the steady stat thermodynamic and microphysical processes associated with
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Record ID:42/67

Date:04/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Ryzhkov, A.V., D.S. Zrnic
Title:Precipitation observed in Oklahoma mesoscale convective systems iwth a polarimetric radar
Publication:J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 455-464
Abstract:In this paper, the fields of three radar polarimetric variables--differential reflectivity Z sub DR' specific differential phase K sub DP', and correlation coefficient between horizontally (H) and
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Record ID:42/68

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Schmidt, J.M., W.R. Cotton
Title:A High Plains squall line associated with severe surface winds
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 46, 281-302
Abstract:The characteristics of a severe squall line are examined using data acquired from the 1981 Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment.
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Record ID:42/69

Date:05/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Schmidt, J.M., W.R. Cotton
Title:Interactions between upper and lower tropospheric gravity waves on squall line structure and maintenance
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1205-1222
Abstract:Using a simplified thermodynamic sounding, and variable vertical wind shear, we investigate the role of gravity waves on the structure and propagation of a simulated two-dimensional squall line.
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Record ID:42/70

Date:03/15/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Schuur, T.J., B.F. Smull, W.D. Rust
Title:Electrical and kinematic structure of the stratiform precipitation region trailing an Oklahoma squall line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 825-842
Abstract:An electric field sounding through the transition zone precipitation minimum that trailed an Oklahoma squall line on 18 June 1987 provides information about the electrical structure within a midlatitude
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Record ID:42/71

Date:07/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Smith, W.P., R.L. Gall
Title:Tropical squall lines of the Arizona monsoon
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1553-1569
Abstract:Squall lines possessing nearly all the characteristics of tropical squall lines occasionally develop during the summer monsoon over southern Arizona and northern Mexico.
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Record ID:42/72

Date:12/01/1987
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Smull, B.F., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Rear inflow in squall lines with trailing stratiform precipitation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2869-2889
Abstract:The relative airflow and accompanying precipitation structure of squall lines trailed by mesoscale regions of stratiform rain are examined with emphasis on the occurrence of ``rear inflow,' i.e., the
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Record ID:42/73

Date:10/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Sun, J., S. Braum, M.I. Biggerstaff, R.G. Fovell, R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Warm upper-level downdrafts associated with a squall line.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2919-2927
Abstract:Thermodynamic retrieval analysis applied to a composite of dual-Doppler radar data obtained in the 10-11 June 1985 PRE-STORM (reliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central) squall line and a model
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Record ID:42/74

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Szeto, K.K., H.R. Cho
Title:A numerical investigation of squall lines. Part III: Sensivity to precipitation processes and the Coriolis force
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1341-1351
Abstract:The effects of various microphysical processes and the Coriolis force on the dynamics of squall systems were investigated with a two-dimensional, anelastic numerical model.
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Record ID:42/75

Date:01/15/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tao, W.K., J. Simpson
Title:Modeling study of a tropical squall-type convective line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 177-202
Abstract:A multidimensional and time-dependent cloud scale model is used to investigate the dynamic and microphysical processes associated with convective and stratiform regions within a tropical squall-type convective line.
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Record ID:42/76

Date:11/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tao, W.K., J. Simpson, S.T. Soong
Title:Numerical simulation of a subtropical squall line over the Taiwan Strait
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2699-2723
Abstract:A two-dimensional, time-dependent, and nonhydrostatic numerical cloud model is used to study the development and structure of a subtropical squall line that occurred during TAMEX (Taiwan Area Mesoscale Experiment).
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Record ID:42/77

Date:03/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tao, W.K., J. Simpson, C.H. Sui, B. Ferrier, S. Lang, J.Scala, M.D. Chou, K. Pickering
Title:Heating, moisture, and water budgets of tropical and midlatitude squall lines: Comparisons and sensivity to longwave radiation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 673-690
Abstract:A two-dimensional, time-dependent, and non-hydrostatic numerical cloud model is used to estimate the heating (Q sub1), moisture (Q sub 2), and water budgets in the convective and stratiform regions for
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Record ID:42/78

Date:11/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cohen, J.C.P., M.A.F. Silva Dias, C.A. Nobre
Title:Environmental conditions associated with Amazonian squall lines: A case study
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 3163-3174
Abstract:The environmental conditions associated with squall lines (SL) that were observed during the period of 13 April-13 May 1987 (GTE/ABLE-2B) originating at the northern coast of S. America and propagating over the Amazon Basin are documented.
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Record ID:42/79

Date:11/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Yang, M.J., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Sensitivity of squall-line rear inflow to ice microphysics and environmental humidity
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3175-3195
Abstract:Two-dimensional nonhydrostatic numerical simulations of a midlatitude squall line show that the rear inflow and related aspects of storm structure are sensitive to hydrometeor types, ice-phase microphysics, and the mid-level environmental humidity.
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Record ID:42/80

Date:11/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Hane, C.E., D.P. Jorgensen
Title:Dynamic aspects of a distinctly three-dimensional mesoscale convective system
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3194-3214
Abstract:The dynamics of a mesoscale convective system that matured in central Kansas on 3-4 June 1985 is investigated based upon data from ground-based dual-Doppler radar and other sources.
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Record ID:42/81

Date:11/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Fulton, S.R., W.H. Schubert, S.A. Hausman
Title:Dynamical adjustment of mesoscale convective anvils
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3215-3226
Abstract:Observational evidence indicates that upper-tropospheric and lower-stratospheric anticyclones occur in mesoscale convective systems, possibly resulting from the vertical redistribution of mass.
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Record ID:42/82

Date:10/15/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Persson, P.O.G., T.T. Warner
Title:The nonlinear evolution of idealized, unforced, conditional symmetric instability: A numerical study
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 3449-3474
Abstract:A two-dimensional version of the Penn State-NCAR mesoscale model (MM4) has been used to simulate the life cycle of conditional symmetric insability (CSI) under condtions of no deformational or planetray boundary layer forcing with the model starting from idealized initial conditions.
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Record ID:42/83

Date:01/01/1985
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Thorpet, A.J., M.J. Miller, M.W. Moncrieff
Title:Comment on ``The dynamical structure of squall line type thunderstorms
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 212-213
Abstract:As described by Seitter and Kuo (1983), there has been considerable discussion in the literature concerning the dynamical structure of squall lines.
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Record ID:42/84

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tripoli, G.J., W.R. Cotton
Title:Numerical study of an observed orogenic mesoscale convective system. Part I: Simulated genesis and comparison with observations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 273-304
Abstract:The interaction of topographically induced thermally and mechanically driven diurnal flow regimes in the less of the Rockies is shown to lead to the growth of a mesoscale convective system.
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Record ID:42/85

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tripoli, G.J., W.R. Cotton
Title:Numerical study of an observed orogenic mesoscale convective system. Part 2: Analysis of governing dynamics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 305-328
Abstract:A detailed analysis of the dynamics and thermodynamics responsible for the structure, growth and propagation of an orogenic mesoscale convective system simulated in two dimensions is made.
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Record ID:42/86

Date:02/15/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Weisman, M.L.
Title:The genesis of severe, long-lived bow echoes
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 645-670
Abstract:A series of idealized simulations using a nonhydrostatic cloud model is used to investigate the genesis of bow echoes (a blow-shaped system on convective cells that is especially noted for producing long swaths of damaging surface winds).
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Record ID:42/87

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Wu, Xiaoqing
Title:Effects of cumulus ensemble and mesosclae stratiform clouds in midlatitude convective systems
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2496-2518
Abstract:Diagnostic and semiprognostic analyses are performed using OK PRE-STORM (Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central) data to examine the cumulus-environment interaction in midlatitude convective systems.
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Record ID:42/88

Date:12/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Zhang, D.L.
Title:The formation of a cooling-induced mesovortex in the trailing stratiform region of a midlatitude squall line
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2763-2785
Abstract:There have been some ambiquities in recent observational studies as to whether midlevel mesovortices are induced by latent heating or cooling
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Record ID:42/89

Date:09/15/1987
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Zhang, D.L., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Numerical simulation of the meso-beta scale structure and evolution of the 1977 Johnstown Flood. Part II; Inertially stable warm-core vortex and the mesoscale convective complex
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2593-2612
Abstract:A mesoscale warm-core vortex associated with the mesoscale convective complex that produced the 1977 Johnstown flood is examined using a three-dimensional nested-grid model simulation of the flood episode.
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Record ID:42/90

Date:04/01/1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Zhang, D.L., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Numerical simulation of the meso-beta scale structure and evolution of the 1977 Johnstown Flood. Part III: Internal gravity waves and the squall line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1252-1268
Abstract:The ineraction between internal gravity waves and a squall line that developed early in the evolution of the 1977 Johnstown flood even is studied based on available surface observations and a three-dimensional model simulation of the (MCSs)
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Record ID:42/91

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Zhang, D.L., K. Gao
Title:Numerical simulation of an intense squall line during 10-11 June 1985 PRE-STORM. Part II: Rear inflow, surface pressure perturbations and stratiform precipitation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 2067-2094
Abstract:An intense rear-inflow jet, surface pressure perturbations, and stratiform precipitation associated with a squall line during 10-11 June 1985 are examined using a three-dimensional mesoscale nested
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Record ID:42/92

Date:07/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Johnson, R.H., D.L. Bartels
Title:Circulations associated with a mature-to-decaying midlatitude mesoscale convective system. Part II: Upper-level features
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1301-1320
Abstract:The vertical structure of a midtropospheric mesovortex that developed during the decay of a midlatitude mesoscale convective system over Kansas and Oklahoma on 23-24 June 1985 is documented.
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Record ID:42/93

Date:8/20/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:Bateman, M.G., W.D. Rust, B.F. Smull, T.C. Marshall
Title:Precipitation charge and size measurements in the stratiform region of two mesoscale convective systems
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16,341-16,356
Abstract:We measured the charge and size of precipitation particles with instrumented free balloons in the trailing stratiform regions of two different mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in OK.
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Record ID:42/94

Date:4/1/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:May, P.T., D.K. Rajopadhyaya
Title:Wind profiler observations of vertical motion and precipitation microphysics of a tropical squall line.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 4, 621-633
Abstract:Data from a wind profiler located at Darwin, Austrialia, have been used to examine the vertical motions and precipitation microphysics in a well-developed squall line. Both a mature and developing convective cell are well sampled.
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Record ID:42/95

Date:4/1/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Harr, P.A., R.L. Elsberry
Title:Structure of a mesoscale convective system embedded in Typhoon Robyn during TCM-93.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 4, 634-652
Abstract:A mesoscale convective system (MCS) embedded in the circulation of Typhoon (TY) Robyn was investigated by two aircraft missions during the tropical cyclone motion (TCM-93) mini field experiment.
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Record ID:42/96

Date:04/01/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Liu, C., M.W. Moncrieff
Title:Mass and momentum transports by organized convection: Effects of shear and buoyancy.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 7, 964-979
Abstract:The dynamical theory of mass and momentum transport by organized convection, produced by Moncreiff, is extended using a hydrodynamical model, a two-dimensional buoyant model, and a quasi-three-dimensional buoyant model. Each is characterized by three relative flow branches that idealize the structure of squall-line cloud systems.
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Record ID:42/97

Date:5/1/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Braun, S.A., R.A. Houze Jr., M-J. Yang
Title:Comments on The impact of the ice phase and radiation on a midlatitude squall line system.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 9, 1343-1351
Abstract:This comment addresses two conclusions arising from a modeling study of Chin: that the contribution of mesoscale stratiform areas to large-scale heat and moisture budgets at midlatitudes is small compared to that associated with deep convection and that longwave radiative processes are the cause of the transition zone.
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Record ID:42/98

Date:5/1/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chin, H-N.S.
Title:Reply to Comments on The impact of the ice phase and radiation on a midlatitude squall line system.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 9, 1352-1354
Abstract:No abstract.
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Record ID:42/99

Date:01/01/1985
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fiedler, B.H.
Title:Mesoscale cellular convection: is it convection?
Publication:Tellus, 37A, 163-175
Abstract:The three convective instabilty models that aim to account for the broad aspect ratio of mesoscale cellular convection (MCC) are compared with a simple analytical version of the mesoscale entrainment instability (MEI) model proposed by Fiedler (1984).
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Record ID:42/100

Date:12/01/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Stensrud, D.J.
Title:Effects of persistent, midlatitude mesoscale regions of convection on the large-scale environment during the warm season.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3503-3527
Abstract:Over a two and a half day period beginning 0000 UTC 11 May 1982 fifteen mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) developed and moved eastward across the moist axis located over the southern Plains of the United States. While the 6 to 18 h lifetimes of each of these individual MCSs are not sufficiently long to influence the large-scale environment greatly, it is possible that the cumulative effects of the entire group of MCSs can produce significant changes in the large-scale flow patterns.
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Record ID:42/101

Date:5/1/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bell, G.D., J.E. Janowiak
Title:Atmospheric circulation associated with the Midwest floods of 1993.
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 76, 5, 681-695
Abstract:This paper presents an observational analysis of the large-scale atmospheric circulation prior to and during the Midwest floods of June-July 1993. The floods developed and persisted in association with three major circulation features, none of which alone would likely have produced such intense and prolonged flooding.
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Record ID:42/102

Date:08/15/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nicholls, M.E., R.A. Pielke, W.R. Cotton
Title:Thermally forced gravity waves in an atmosphere at rest.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 16, 1869-1884
Abstract:The transient linear response of a quiescent, two-dimensional, non-rotating atmosphere to prescribed heat sources and sinks is investigated. Analytical solutions of the hydrostatic Boussinesq equations are obtained for a rigid lid and for a semi-infinite region.
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Record ID:42/103

Date:01/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Raymond, D.J.
Title:Nonlinear balance and potential-vorticity thinking at large Rossby number.
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 118, 987-1015
Abstract:Two rational approximations are made to the divergence, potential-vorticity, and potential-temperature equations resulting in two different nonlinear balance models.
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Record ID:42/104

Date:4/25/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Hertenstein, R.F.
Title:Evolution of vorticity and potential vorticity associated with two mesoscale convective systems.
Publication:Internal paper, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmos. Sci.
Abstract:Recent years have seen a growing interest in vorticity and potential vorticity associated with mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). In this study, output from simulations of two MCSs are analyzed, although results presented here will focus on one of the MCSs.
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Record ID:42/105

Date:2/29/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Trier, S.B., W.C. Skamarock, M.A. LeMone
Title:Structure and evolution of the 22 February 1993 TOGA-COARE squall line: Organization mechanisms inferred from numerical simulation.
Publication:Submitted to J. Atmos. Sci.
Abstract:Mechanisms responsible for meso- and convective-scale organization within a large tropical squall line that occurred on 22 February 1993 during the Tropcial Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) are investigated using a three-dimensional numerical cloud model. The squall line occurred in an environment typical of fast-moving tropical squall lines, characterized by moderate convective available pottential energy (CAPE) and moderate-to-strong vertical shear beneath a low-level jet with weak reverse vertical shear above.
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Record ID:42/106

Date:8/1/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Grady, R.L.
Title:The initiation and development of a long-lived, high-plains squall line.
Publication:M.S. Thesis, Penn. State University
Abstract:Much of the precipitation that occurs over the Central United States during the summer months occurs at night and has its roots in thunderstorm activity along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains. Often this convective activity develops into squall lines which, in turn, develop into mesoscale convective complexes.
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Record ID:42/107

Date:3/1/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Corfidi, S.F., J.H. Merritt, J.M. Fritsch
Title:Predicting the movement of mesoscale convective complexes.
Publication:Wea. and Forecasting, 11, 41-46
Abstract:A procedure of operationally predicting the movement of the mesobeta scale convective elements responsible for the heavy rain in mesoscale convective complexes is presented.
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Record ID:42/108

Date:05/01/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Braun, S.A., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:The heat budget of a midlatitude squall line and implications for potential vorticity production.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 9, 1217-1240
Abstract:The water and heat budgets for a midlatitude squall line are estimated from single- and dual-doppler-radar data and thermodynamic data from rawinsonde and thermodynamic retrieval (from dual-Doppler winds).
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Record ID:42/109

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Belair, S., D.-L. Zhang, J. Mailhot
Title:Numerical prediction of an intense convective system associated with the July 1987 Montreal flood. Part II: A trailing stratiform rainband.
Publication:Atmos.-Ocean, 33, 3, 475-500
Abstract:In this study, the internal circulation structures of the 14 July 1987 intense mesoscale convective system (MCS) are investigated using an improved high-resolution version of the Canadian regional finite element model.
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Record ID:42/110

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Belair, S., D.-L. Zhang, J. Mailhot
Title:Numerical prediction of an intense convective system associated with the July 1987 Montreal flood. Part I: Gravity waves and the squall line.
Publication:Atmos.-Ocean., 33, 3, 447-473
Abstract:In this study, a 24-h high resolution numerical prediction of a prefrontal squall line associated with the 14 July 1987 Montreal flood is employed to investigate the origin and role of mesoscale gravity waves in the development of the squall system.
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Record ID:42/111

Date:7/1/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Zhang, D.-L., N. Bao
Title:Oceanic cyclogenesis and induced by a mesoscale convective system moving offshore. Part I: A 90-h real-data simulation.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 7, 1449-1469
Abstract:Recent observations have revealed that some mesoscale convective systems could undergo multiple cycles of convective development and dissipation, and, under certain environments, they appear to be responsible for (baratropic) oceanic or tropical cyclogenesis.
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Record ID:42/112

Date:1/1/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Balaji, V., J.-L. Redelsperger
Title:Sub gridscale effects in mesoscale deep convection: Initiation, organization and turbulence.
Publication:Atmos. Res., 40, 339-381
Abstract:Deep convection shows a tendency toward organized long-lived mesoscale systems. These dynamically self-sustaining systems form an important element of atmospheric variability on the mesoscale and down to dissipative scales.
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Record ID:42/113

Date:10/1/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Srinivasan, J., G.L. Smith
Title:The role of heat fluxes and moist static energy in tropical convergence zones.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 10, 2089-2099
Abstract:The relationship between monthly mean outgoing longwave radiation and the mean moist static energy of the lower troposphere is shown to be similar to the relationship between monthly mean OLR and sea surface temperature over the oceanic regions.
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Record ID:42/114

Date:10/15/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Trier, S.B., W.C. Skamarock, M.A. LeMone, D.B. Parsons, D.P. Jorgensen
Title:Structure and evolution of the 22 February 1993 TOGA COARE squall line: Numerical simulations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2861-1886
Abstract:In this study a numerical cloud model is used to simulate the three-dimensional evolution of an oceanic tropical squall line observed during the Tropical ocean Global Atmospheric Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment
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Record ID:42/115

Date:10/15/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Pandya, R.E., D.R. Durran
Title:The influence of convectively generated thermal forcing on the mesoscale circulation around squall lines
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2924-2951
Abstract:The dynamic processes that determine the kinematic and thermodynamic structure of the mesoscale region around 2D squall lines are examined using a series of numerical simulations
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Record ID:42/116

Date:11/01/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Mohr, K.I., E.J. Zipser
Title:Mesoscale convective systems defined by their 85-GHZ ice scattering signature: Size and intensity comparison over tropical oceans and continents
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2417-2437
Abstract:This study used the 85-GHZ ice scattering signature to describe the size, intensity and geographic distribution of mesoscal convective sytems (MCSs)
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Record ID:42/117

Date:2/15/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Olsson, P.Q., W.R. Cotton
Title:Balanced and unbalanced circulations in a primitive equation simulation of a midlantitude MCC. Part I: The numerical simulation.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 4, 457-478
Abstract:A midlatitude mesoscale convective complex, which occurred over the central United States on 23-24 June 1985, was simulated using RAMS.
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Record ID:42/118

Date:2/15/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Olsson, P.Q., W.R. Cotton
Title:Balanced and unbalanced circulations in a primitive equation simulation of a midlatitude MCC. Part II: Analysis of balance.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 4, 479-49
Abstract:A nonlinear balance condition, which permits the diagnosis of both balanced divergent and nondivergent flows, is presented.
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Record ID:42/119

Date:2/2/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bartels, D.L., J.M. Brown, E.I. Tollerud
Title:Structure of a midtropospheric vortex induced by a mesoscale convective system.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2, 193-211
Abstract:On 9 June 1988 a mesoscale convectively generated vortex passed through the Colorado wind-profiling network.
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Record ID:42/120

Date:3/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Koch, S.E., A. Aksakal, J.T. McQueen
Title:The influence of mesoscale humidity and evapotranspiration fields on a model forecast of a cold-frontal squall line.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 3, 384-409
Abstract:Satellite imagery and rain guage data are combined to create mesoscale detail in the initial states of relative humidity and surface moisture availability for a mesoscale model simulation.
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Record ID:42/121

Date:4/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Braun, S.A., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:The evolution of the 10-11 June 1985 PRE-STORM squall line: Initiation, development of reaf inflow, and dissipation.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 4, 478-504
Abstract:Mesoscale analysis of surface observations and mesoscale modeling results show that the 10-11 June squall line, contrary to prior studies, did not form entirely ahead of a cold front.
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Record ID:42/122

Date:5/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Lu, C., P.E. Ciesielski, W.H. Schubert
Title:Geostrophic and ageostrophic circulations in midlatitude squall lines.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 9, 1218-1230
Abstract:The Eliassen transverse circulation equation is derived from the set of f-plane, semigeostrophic, slab-symmetric equations with the inclusion of both diabatic heating and ambient shear effects.
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Record ID:42/123

Date:01/01/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Dharssi, I., R. Kershaw, W.K. Tao
Title:Sensitivity of a simulated tropical squall line to long-wave radiation.
Publication:Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 123, 187-206
Abstract:A 2-D cloud-resolving model is used to simulate a tropical squall line and to examine its sensitivity to long-wave radiation.
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Record ID:42/124

Date:08/15/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Fovell, R., D. Durran, J.R. Holton
Title:Numerical simulations of convectively generated stratospheric gravity waves.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 16, 1427-1442
Abstract:The excitation and vertical propagation of gravity waves is simulated in a two-dimensional model of a mesoscale convective storm.
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Record ID:42/125

Date:10/01/1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Ferrier, B.S., J. Simpson, W.-K. Tao
Title:Factors responsible for precipitation efficiencies in midlatitude and tropical squall simulations.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2100-2125
Abstract:Different definitions of storm precipitation efficiency were investigated from numerical simulations of convective systems in widely varying ambient conditions using a two-dimensional cloud model with sophisticated ice microphysics.
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Record ID:42/126

Date:01/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Moncrieff, M.W.
Title:Organized convective systems: Archetypal dynamical models, mass and momentum flux theory, and parameterization.
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteor. Soc.118, 819-850
Abstract:A dynamical basis is established for understanding the structure and transport properties of organized convection and for expediting its parameterizatoin in large-scale models.
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Record ID:42/127

Date:06/01/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, R.L., J.E. Nachamkin, W.R. Cotton, M.E. Nicholls
Title:Upscale evolution of MCSs: Doppler radar analysis and analytical investigation.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1083-1110
Abstract:The developement of two small MCSs in northeastern Colorado is investigated via dual-Doppler radar analysis.
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Record ID:42/128

Date:8/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nair, U.S., M.R. Hjelmefelt, R.A. Pielke, Sr.
Title:Numerical simulation of the 9-10 June 1972 Black Hills storm using CSU RAMS.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1753-1766
Abstract:Strong easterly flow of low-level moist air over the eastern slopes of the Black Hills on 9-10 June 1972 generated a storm system that produced a flash flood, devestating the area.
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Record ID:42/129

Date:8/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Jorgensen, D.P., M.A. LeMone, S.B. Trier
Title:Structure and evolution of the 22 February 1993 TOGA COARE squall line: Aircraft observations of precipitation, circulation, and surface energy fluxes.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1961-1985
Abstract:This study documents the precipitation and kinematic structure of a mature, eastward propagating, oceanic squall line system
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Record ID:42/130

Date:11/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Hodges, K.I., C.D. Thorncraft
Title:Distribution and statistics of Arfican mesoscale convective weather systems based on the ISCCP meteosat imagery.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2821-2837
Abstract:This paper provides for the first time an objective short-term (8 year) climatology of Africa convective weather systems based on satellite imagery.
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Record ID:42/131

Date:11/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Geldmeier, M.F., G.M. Barnes
Title:The
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2879-2895
Abstract:On 10 Feb. 1993, during the TOGA COARE, the two NOAA WP-3Ds and the NCAR Electra flew under the anvil region of a decaying MCS.
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Record ID:42/132

Date:12/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Grady, R.L., J. Verlinde
Title:Triple-Doppler analysis of a discretely propagating, long-lived, high plains squall line.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2729-2748
Abstract:A nonsevere squall line that developed on 21 June 1993 along the northern foothills of the Colorado Rocky Mountains is analyzed using a series of triple-Doppler analyses.
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Record ID:42/133

Date:11/15/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Sonmor, L.J., G.P. Klaassen
Title:Toward a unified theory of gravity wave stabilty.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2655-2680
Abstract:This paper reveals relationships among linear instabilities of internal gravity waves often supposed to be independent.
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Record ID:42/134

Date:1/1/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Blanchard, D.O., W.R. Cotton, J.M. Brown
Title:Mesoscale circulation growth under conditions of weak inertial instability.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 118-140
Abstract:The hypothesis that inertial instability plays of role in the upscale development of mesoscale convective systems is explored by sampling environments that supported the growth of MCSs in PRE-STORM...
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Record ID:42/135

Date:02/01/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chen, C., W.K. Tao, P.L. Lin, G.S. Lai, S.F. Tseng, T.C.C. Wang
Title:The intensification of the low-level jet during the development of mesoscale convective systems on a Mei-Yu front
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 349-371
Abstract:During the period of 21-25 June 1991, a Mei-Yu front, observed by the post-Taiwant Area Mesoscale Experiment, produced heavy precipitation along the western side of the Central Mountain Range of Taiwan
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Record ID:42/136

Date:3/1/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Anderson, C.J., R.W. Arritt
Title:Mesoscale convective complexes and persistent elongated convective systems over the United States during 1992 and 1993.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 578-599
Abstract:Large, long-lived convective systems over the U.S. in 1992 and 1993 have been classified according to physical characteristics observed in satellite imagery as quasi-circular MCC or elongated PECS and catalogued.
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Record ID:42/137

Date:06/15/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Alexander, G.D., W.R. Cotton
Title:The use of cloud-resolving simulations of mesoscale convective systems to build a mesoscale parameterization scheme
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2137-2161
Abstract:A method is described for parameterizing thermodynamic forcing by the mesoscale updrafts and downdrafts of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in models with resolution too coarse to resolve the drafts
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Record ID:42/138

Date:09/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Stensrud, D.J., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Mesoscale convective systems in weakly forced large-scale environments. Part II: Generation of a mesoscale initial condition
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2068-2083
Abstract:A series of five mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) developed within a weakly forced large-scale environment on 11 and 12 May 1982. Two of these systems had a large component of motion against the midtropospheric flow and propagated in a direction nearly opposite to that of the traveling upper-level disturbances.
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Record ID:42/139

Date:09/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Stensrud, D.J., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Mesoscale convective systems in weakly forced large-scale environments. Part III: Numerical simulations and implications for operational forecasting
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2084-2104
Abstract:During a 24-h period, beginning 1200 UTC 11 May 1982, a series of mesoscale convective systems developed within a weakly forced large-scale environment. Two of these systems had a larger component of motion against the midtropospheric flow and propagated in a direction nearly opposite to that of the traveling upper-level distrubances. This evolution
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Record ID:42/140

Date:1/1/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Laing, A.G., J.M. Fritsch
Title:The global population of mesoscale convective complexes
Publication:Q.J. Royal Met. Soc., 123, 389-405
Abstract:A global set of 714 MCCs is compiled and some of the common properties of the convective systems are identified and examined from a global perspective.
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Record ID:42/141

Date:12/01/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(78) Flash Floods & Extreme Precipitation
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Bauer-Messmer, B., J.A. Smith, M.L. Baeck, W. Zhao
Title:Heavy rainfall: Contrasting two concurrent Great Plains thunderstorms
Publication:Wea. and Forecasting, 12, 785-798
Abstract:Measurement and forecasting of heavy rainfall requires interpretation of the small differences in the storm environment that distinguish a major flood-producing rainfall event from a relatively harmless storm system.
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Record ID:42/142

Date:6/1/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Machado, L.A.T., W.B. Rossow, R.L. Guedes, A.W. Walker
Title:Life cycle variations of mesoscale convective systems over the Americas
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1630-1654
Abstract:Using GOES-7 ISCCP-B3 satellite data for 1987-88, the authors studied the evolution of the morphological and radiative properties of cloud over the life cycles of deep convective systems over the Americas at both tropical and middle latitudes.
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Record ID:42/143

Date:8/15/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Weisman, M.L., C.A. Davis
Title:Mechanisms for the generation of mesoscale vortices within quasi-linear convective systems.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 16, 2603-2622
Abstract:Previous idealized simulation of convective systems have demonstrated that the development of mesoscale vortices within quasi-linear convective systems may be a natural consequence of the finite extent of the convective line...
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Record ID:42/144

Date:8/1/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Kain, J.S., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Multiscale convective overturning in mesoscale convective systems: Reconciling observations, simulations, and theory
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2254-2273
Abstract:An analysis of how parameterized convection interacts with hydrostatic, explicity resolved precipitation processes to represent multiscale convective overturning in a mesoscale-resolution numerical simulation is presented.
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Record ID:42/145

Date:10/1/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Trier, S.B., M.A. LeMone, W.C. Skamarock
Title:Effect of three-dimensional structure on the stormwide horizontal accelerations and momentum budget of a simulated squall line.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2580-2598
Abstract:Past studies of the effects of MCSs on the environmenatal flow have been limited by data coverage and resolution.
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Record ID:42/146

Date:07/01/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Knupp, K.R., B. Geerts, S.J. Goodman
Title:Analysis of a small, vigorous mesoscale convective system in a low-shear environment. Part I: Formation, radar echo structure, and lightning behavior
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1812-1836
Abstract:The evolution of a small, vigorous mesoscale convective system over northern Alabama is described using Doppler radar, GOES satellite, surface mesonet, lightning, and sounding data.
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Record ID:42/147

Date:07/01/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Knupp, K.R., B. Geerts, J.D. Tuttle
Title:Analysis of a small, vigorous mesoscale convective system in a low-shear environment. Part II: Evolution of the stratiform precipitation and mesoscale flows.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1837-1858
Abstract:The evolution of the mesoscale flow and precipitation distribution are investigated for a small MCS that evolved in a nearly barotropic environment exhibiting moderate instability and weak wind shear.
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Record ID:42/148

Date:06/01/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Hilgendorf, E.R., R.H. Johnson
Title:A study of the evolution of mesoscale convective systems using WSR-88D data.
Publication:Weather and Forecasting, 13, 437-452
Abstract:While MCSs are major contributors to severe weather and precipitation in the central U.S., details of their evolution are still not fully understood.
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Record ID:42/149

Date:10/15/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chin, H.N., R.B. Wilhelmson
Title:Evolution and structure of tropical squall line elements within a moderate CAPE and strong low-level jet environment
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3089-3113
Abstract:A three-dimensional cloud model is used to simulate the early devleopment and propagation of an arc-shaped line element similar to that found in the GARP (Global Atmospheric Research Program) Tropical Atlantic Experiment (GATE) 4-5 September 1974 squall line system.
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Record ID:42/150

Date:11/01/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bernardet, L.R., W.R. Cotton
Title:Multiscale evolution of a derecho-producing mesoscale convective system
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2991-3015
Abstract:In this paper the authors address one type of severe weather: strong straight-line winds.
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Record ID:42/151

Date:01/01/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Swann, H.
Title:Sensitivity to the representation of precipitating ice in CRM simulations of deep convection
Publication:Atmos. Res., 47-48, 415-435
Abstract:A cloud resolving model (CRM) is a useful tool for providing a proxy for observed data, against which parameterizations of convection in global and regional models can be compared.
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Record ID:42/152

Date:12/12/98
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Lewis, S. A., M. A. LeMone, D. P. Jorgensen
Title:Evolution and dynamics of late-stage squall line that occurred on 20 February 1993 during TOGA COARE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 3189-3212
Abstract:Airborne Doppler and flight-level data are used to document the structure and evolution of portions of a late-stage horseshoe-shaped squall line system and its effect on vertical momentum and mass transports. This system, which occurred on 20 February 1993 during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean--Atmosphere Response Experiment, was similar to many previously studied, but had some unique features.
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Record ID:42/153

Date:12/01/98
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:LeMone, M. A., E. J. Zipser, S. B. Trier
Title:The role of environmental shear and thermodynamic conditions in determining the structure and evolution of meoscale convective systems during TOGA COARE
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3493-3518
Abstract:A collection of case studies is used to elucidate the influence of environmental soundings on the structure and evolution of the convection in the meoscale convective systems sampled by the turboprop aircraft in the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE).
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Record ID:42/154

Date:05/01/1999
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Yu, C.-K., B.J.-D. Jou, B.F. Smull
Title:Formative stage of a long-lived mesoscale vortex observed by airborne doppler radar
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 838-857
Abstract:The formative stage of a long-lived mesoscale cyclonic vortex was captured by the NOAA P-3 aircraft as it invvestigated a developing mesoscale convestive system (MCS) near the southeastern coast of Taiwan on 16 June 1987 during the Taiwan Area Mesoscale Experiment.
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Record ID:42/155

Date:04/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Lafore, J.P., M.W. Moncrieff
Title:Reply
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1034-1035
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/156

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chong, M. O. Bousquet
Title:A mesovortex within a near-equatorial mesoscale convective system during TOGA COARE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1145-1156
Abstract:Airborne Doppler radar observations are used to investigate the internal structure of a midlevel mesovortex that developed within the rear part of the stratiform precipitation region of a mature-to-decaying mesoscale convective system.
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Record ID:42/157

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Tucker, D.F., N.A. Crook
Title:The generation of a mesoscale convective system from mountain convection
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1259-1273
Abstract:A mesoscale convective system (MSC) that formed just to the east of Denver is investigated with a nonhydrostatic numerical model to determine which processes were important in its initiation.
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Record ID:42/158

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Takemi, T.
Title:Structure and evolution of a severe squall line over the arid region in northwest China
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1301-1309
Abstract:The structure and evolution of a long-lived squall line associated with a disastrous dust storm, called a black storm, that occurred over the arid region in northwest China are described.
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Record ID:42/159

Date:01/01/1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Hernandez, E., L. Cana, J. Diaz, R. Garcia, L. Gimeno
Title:Mesoscale convective complexes over the western Mediterranean area during 1990-1994
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 68, 1-12
Abstract:Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) data registers from June to December during 199-94 were obtained from the Spanish National Meteorological Institute (INM).
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Record ID:42/160

Date:07/01/1999
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Laing, A.G., J.M. Fritsch, A.J. Negri
Title:Contribution of mesoscale convective complexes to rainfall in Sahelian Africa: Estimates from geostationary infrared and passive microwave data
Publication:J. Applied Meteor., 38, pp. 957-964
Abstract:The contribution of mesoscale convective complexes to the July-September rainfall in Sahelian Africa is assessed using microwave data from the Special Sensor Microwave Image and infrared (IR) data form the European Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (Meteosat).
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Record ID:42/161

Date:05/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Fan, B., J. Ye, W.R. Cotton, G.J. Tripoli
Title:Numerical simulation of microphysics in meso-beta-scale convective cloud system associated with a mesoscale convective complex
Publication:Adv. Atmos. Sci., 7, 154-170
Abstract:Numerical simulation of meso-beta-scale convective cloud systems associated with a PRE-STORM MCC case has been carried out using a 2-D version of the CSU Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) nonhydrostatic model with parameterized microphysics.
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Record ID:42/162

Date:12/01/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Biggerstaff, M.I., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Kinematic and precipitaiton structure of the 10-11 June 1985 squall line
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 3034-3065
Abstract:High-frequency (90 min) rawinsonde data from a special mesoscale network (26 sites) have been combined with wind profiler, dense automated surface network data (80 stations spaced 50 km apart), and a series of high-resolution
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Record ID:42/163

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chong, M. G. Jaubert
Title:A midlatitude squall line in France
Publication:Atmos. Res., 25, 129-147
Abstract:The kinematic structure of the convective part of a midlatitude squall line observed on 20 June 1984, is investigated by dual-Doppler radar analysis
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Record ID:42/164

Date:12/20/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Silva Dias, M.A.F., R. Nieto Ferreira
Title:Application of a linear spectral model to the study of Amazonian squall lines during GTE/ABLE 2B
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 97, 20,405-20,419
Abstract:A linear nonhydrostatic spectral model is run with the basic state, or large scale, vertical profiles of temperature and wind observed prior to convective development along the northern coast of South America during the GTE/ABLE 2B.
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Record ID:42/165

Date:10/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Gallus, W.A.
Title:The heat, moisture, and momentum budgets of a midlatitude squall line with a trailing stratiform region
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 455, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523,126 pp
Abstract:Rawinsonde data from the O-K PRE-STORM project are used to calculate the heat, moisture and momentum budgets during the later mature through decaying stages of a large squall line system that occurred on 10-11 June.
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Record ID:42/166

Date:01/05/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Hjelmfelt, M.R., H.Y. Chou, R.D. Farley, D.L. Priegnitz
Title:Organization and development of a squall line in North Dakota as revealed by Doppler radar and numerical simulations
Publication:Preprints, 5th Conf. on Mesoscale Processes, Jan. 5-10, 1992, Atlanta, GA, AMS, Boston, MA, 221-226
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/167

Date:02/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Huang, X.Y.
Title:The organization of moist convection by internal gravity waves
Publication:Tellus, 42A, 270-285
Abstract:A two-dimensional, Boussinesq approximated model is used to investigate the grouping of moist convection and its connection with internal gravity waves.
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Record ID:42/168

Date:09/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Johnson, R.H., W.A. Gallus, Jr., M.D. Vescio
Title:Near-tropopause vertical motion within the trailing stratiform region of a midlatitude squall line
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2200-2210
Abstract:Rawinsonder observations have been used to determine the flow structure in the vicinity of the tropopause atop the trailing stratiform precipitation region of an intense midlatitude squall line.
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Record ID:42/169

Date:08/01/1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Iwasaki, H., T. Takada
Title:Behavior of cumulonimbus-cloud groups in a slow-moving meso-scale cloud cluster over the Ocean
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 67, 575-585
Abstract:The behavior of cumulonimbus-cloud groups in a slow-moving long-lasting cloud cluster was studied mainly by the analysis of satellite data and PPI radar data.
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Record ID:42/170

Date:09/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Loehrer, S.M.
Title:The surface pressure features and precipitation structure of PR-STORM mesoscale convective systems
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 518, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 296 pp.
Abstract:The surface pressure features accompanying 16 mesoscale convective systems(MCSs) have been documented using data from the May-June 1985 Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central (OK PRE-STORM).
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Record ID:42/171

Date:06/25/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Rasmussen, E.N., S.A. Rutledge
Title:Comparisons of tropical and middle latitude squall lines
Publication:4th Mesoscale Conf., Boulder, CO, June 25-29, 1990, AMS, Boston.
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/172

Date:10/22/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Rutledge S.A.
Title:Mesoscale convective systems and lightning
Publication:Preprints, AMS Conf. on Atmospheric Electricity, October 22-26, 1990, Kananaskis Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/173

Date:06/25/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Rutledge, S.A.
Title:Divergence and mesoscale vertical motion profiles in middle latitutde and tropical mesoscale convective systems
Publication:4th Mesoscale Conf., Boulder, CO, June 25-29, 1990, AMS, Boston, MA.
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/174

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Satyamurty, P., C.D.C. Ferreira, M.A. Gan
Title:Cyclonic vortices over South America
Publication:Tellus, 42A, 194-201
Abstract:It is observed from satellite cloud imagery that about 100 neutral vortices per year cross the South American continent between 15-60 degress S, and almost as many are generated or intensified in the same latitude belt between 30-70 degrees W.
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Record ID:42/175

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Staudenmaier, M.J., Jr.
Title:A multiscale study on the development and evolution of the 7-8 July 1991 derecho
Publication:M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Madison, WI, 160 pp.
Abstract:On July 7, 1991, a fast moving complex of thunderstorms called a derecho developed over portions of northwestern Iowa around 1400 UTC.
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Record ID:42/176

Date:09/10/1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tollerud, E.I., D.M. Rodgers
Title:The seasonal and diurnal cycle of mesoscale convection and precipitaiton in the Central United States: Interpreting at 10-year satellite-based climatology of mesoscale convective complexes
Publication:7th Conf. on Appl. Met., Sept. 10-13, 1991, Salt Lake City, UT.
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/177

Date:07/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Caniauz, G., J.L. Redelsperger, J.P. Lafore
Title:A numerical study of the stratiform region of a fast-moving squall line. Part I: General description and water and heat budgets
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2046-2074
Abstract:A two-dimensional nonhydrostatic cloud model is applied to the simulation of a tropical squall line that occurred on 23 June during the COPT81 experiment.
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Record ID:42/178

Date:01/01/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Codina, B., M. Aran, S. Young, A. Redano
Title:Prediction of a mesoscale convective systems over Catalonia (Northeastern Spain) with a nested numerical model
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 62, 9-22
Abstract:A mesoscale convective system that affected Northeastern Spain on October 10, 1994, with rainfall amounts up to 400 mm, is simulated reasonably well by a nested 3-dimensional hydrostatic mesoscale model.
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Record ID:42/179

Date:01/01/1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(43) Mesoscale Tropical
Author:Fernandez, C., M.A. Gaertner, C. Gallardo, M. Castro
Title:Simulation of a long-lived meso-B scale convective system over the Mediterranean coast of Spain. Part II: Sensitivity to external forcings
Publication:Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 62, 179-200
Abstract:The numerical simulation of a long-lived stationary MCS already described in a previous paper is analyzed in greater detail.
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Record ID:42/180

Date:12/01/1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bentley, M.L.
Title:The 8 July 1993 Nebraska derecho: An observational study and comparison to the climatology of related mesoconvective systems
Publication:M.S. Thesis., University of Nebraska, Dept. of Geography, Lincoln, NE, 120 pp.
Abstract:This study addresses a particular mesoscale convective system known as a derecho.
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Record ID:42/181

Date:05/10/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Fritsch, J.M., J.S. Kain
Title:Warm-core mesovortex amplification over land
Publication:Preprints, 20th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, 10-14 May 1993, San Antonio, TX, AMS, Boston, MA
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/182

Date:01/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Kain, J.S., J.M. Fritsch
Title:The role of the convective 'trigger function' in numerical forecasts of mesoscale convective systems
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 49, 93-106
Abstract:Three-dimensional numerical model simulations of a mesoscale convective system are perfromed to evaluate the sensitivity of the simulations to differences in the convective trigger function.
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Record ID:42/183

Date:05/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Laing, A.G., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Mesoscale convective complexes over the Indian monsoon region
Publication:J. Clim., 6, 911-919
Abstract:Full disk infrared satellite imagery from the Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) geostationary meteorological satellite was examined to determin if mesosclae convective complexes (MCCs) frequent the Indian
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Record ID:42/184

Date:08/17/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Laing, A., J.M. Fritsch
Title:Mesoscale convective complexes in Africa and the Indian subcontinent
Publication:Preprints, 11th Int. Conf. on Clouds and Precipitation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, August 17-21, 1992.
Abstract:None
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Record ID:42/185

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Mapes, B., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:An integrated view of the 1987 Australian monsoon and its mesoscale convective systems. II: Vertical structure
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 733-754
Abstract:The vertical structure of monsoon thermal forcing by precipitating convection is diagnosed in terms of horizontal divergence.
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Record ID:42/186

Date:12/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Mori, K.
Title:Internal structure and time evolution of a cloud cluster in the western tropical Pacific region observed by Keifu Maru
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 70, 1111-1122
Abstract:Internal structure and time evolution of a cloud cluster in the ITCZ of the western tropical Pacific which appeared on 8-9 June 1990 was analyzed by using meteorological radar data on board of the Keifu Maru, a research vessel of Japan Meteorological Agency.
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Record ID:42/187

Date:04/01/1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Ming, Z.
Title:A squall line model of nonlinear gravity travling wave solution
Publication:Chinese J. Atmos. Sci., 16, 354-362
Abstract:In this paper, a squall line model of nonlinear gravity traveling wave solution is presented.
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Record ID:42/188

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Bentley, M.L., T.L. Mote, S.F. Byrd
Title:North central Great Plains derecho producing mesoscale convective systems (DMCSs): A forecasting primer
Publication:NOAA Tech Service Pub. NWS CR-08, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA/NWS, Scientific Services Div., Kansas City, MO
Abstract:None
Location:2
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Record ID:42/189

Date:01/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Pandya, R. E., D. R. Durran, M. L. Weisman
Title:The influence of convective thermal forcing on the three-dimensional circulation around squall lines
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, pp. 29-45
Abstract:Midlatitude squall lines are typically trailed by a large region of stratiform cloudiness and precipitation with significant mesoscale flow features, including an ascending front to rear flow; a decending rear inflow jet; line-end vortices; and, at later times, mesoscale convective vortices.
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Record ID:42/190

Date:01/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Haertel, P. T., R. H. Johnson
Title:The linear dynamics of squall line mesohighs and wake lows
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, pp. 93-107
Abstract:Two surface pressure features that commonly accompany squall lines, the mesohigh and the wake low, may be explained at least in part as a linear response to the low-level cooling associated with stratiform precipitation.
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Record ID:42/191

Date:10/01/1999
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(51) Numerical Weather Prediction
Author:Stensrud, D.J., G.S. Manikin, E. Rogers, K.E. Mitchell
Title:Importance of cold pools to NCEP mesoscale eta model forecasts
Publication:Wea. and Fore., 14, 650-670
Abstract:The cold pool, a pool of evaporatively cooled downdraft air that spreads out horizontally along the ground beneath a precipitaing cloud, is often a factor in severe weather and heavy precipitation events. Unfortunately, cold pools are not well sampled by the present observation network and are rarely depicted in numerical model initial conditions.
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Record ID:42/192

Date:05/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Nachamkin, J.E., R.L. McAnelly, W.R. Cotton
Title:Interactions between a developing mesoscale convective system and it environment. Part I: Observational analysis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1205-1224
Abstract:This paper is the first in a two part series in which the interactions between a growing mesoscale convective system (MCS) and its surrounding environment are investigated.
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Record ID:42/193

Date:05/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Nachamkin, J.E., W.R. Cotton
Title:Interactions between a developing mesoscale convective system and it environment. Part II: Numerical simulation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1225-1244
Abstract:The 19 July 1993 mesoscale convective system (MCS), discussed in Part I, was simulated using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS).
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Record ID:42/194

Date:07/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Elizabeth A. Ritchie, R. L. Elsberry
Title:Simulated Impacts of a Mesoscale Convective System on the Track of Typhoon Robyn during TCM-93
Publication:Monthly Weather Review, 128, 2232-2251
Abstract:The contribution that a mesoscale convective vortex that developed within the circulation of Typhoon Robyn (1993) may have had to a significant tropical cyclone track change is simulated with a mesoscale model using initial conditions ...
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Record ID:42/195

Date:09/11/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Knievel, J.C.
Title:The local wind of an MCS and a vorticity budget for the mesoscale convective vortex within it
Publication:Preprints, 20th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Orlando, FL, 11-15 Sept. 2000, AMS.
Abstract:None
Location:2
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Record ID:42/196

Date:01/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Fovell, R.G., P.H. Tan
Title:A simplified squall-line model revisited
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 126, 173-188
Abstract:We revisit the parameterized moisture model of Garner and Thorpe and show it does indeed support realistic multicellular behaviour when an adequate (and commonly available) amount of instability is present in the initial environment.
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Record ID:42/197

Date:10/10/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Trier, S.B., C.A. Davis, W.C. Skamarock
Title:Long-lived mesoconvective vortics and their environment Part II: Induced thermodynamic dstabilization in idealized simulations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3396-3412
Abstract:Idealized numerical simulaations are used to quantify the effect of quasi-balanced lifting arising from the interaction of the ambient vertical shear with midtropospheric cyclonic vortices (MCVs) generated by mesoscale convective systems on thermodynamic destabilization over a range of ambient vertical shear strenghts and vortex characteristics observed in Part I.
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Record ID:42/198

Date:10/10/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Parker, M.D., R.H. Johnson
Title:Organizational modes of midlatitude mesocale convective systems
Publication:MWR, 128,3413-3436
Abstract:This paper dicusses common modes of mescscale convective organization.
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Record ID:42/199

Date:11/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Montmerle, T., J.-P. Lafore, J.-L. Redelsperger
Title:A tropical squall line observed during TOGA COARE: Extended comparisons between simulations and dopler radar data and the role of midlevel wind shear
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3709-3730
Abstract:Results from a three- dimensional cloud model are extensively comparely with airborne doppler radar data in the case of a tropical oceanic squall line during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean- Atmospher Response Experiment.
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Record ID:42/200

Date:11/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Romero, R., C.A. Doswell III, C. Ramis
Title:Mesoscale numerical study of two cases of long-lived quasi-stationary convective systems over eastern Spain
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3731-3751
Abstract:A set of mesoscale nemerical simulations using the Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research model is used to investigate two cases of extreme precipitation over easter Spain.
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Record ID:42/201

Date:12/15/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Gray, M.E.B.
Title:Characteristics of numerically simulated mesoscale convective systems and their application to parameterization
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3953-3970
Abstract:A cloud-resolving model simulation of a convectively active phase of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) is used to study the properties of the convective and mesoscale updrafts, and precipitating downdrafts of the simulated mesoscale convective systems (MCSs).
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Record ID:42/202

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Chu, C.-M., Y.-L. Lin
Title:Effects of orography on the generation and propagation of mesoscale convective systems in a two-dimensional conditional unstable flow
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3817-3837
Abstract:Effects of orography, cold-air outflow, and gravity waves ofn the generation and propagation of convective systems in a conditionally unstable airstream over a mesoscale mountain are studied using a two-dimensional cloud model.
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Record ID:42/203

Date:01/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Liston, G.E., R.A. Pielke
Title:A climate vrison of the regional atmospheric modeling system
Publication:Theor. Appl. Climatol, 66, 29-47
Abstract:The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) has been widely used to simulate relatively short-term atmospheric processes.
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Record ID:42/204

Date:08/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Lucas, C., E.J. Zipser, B.S. Ferrier
Title:Sensitivity of tropical wst pacific oceanic squall lines to tropospheric wind and moisture profiles
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2351-2373
Abstract:Two-dimensional experiments using the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model are performed in oder to examine the influence of enviromental profiles of wind and humidty on the dynamical and microphysical structure of mesoscale convective systems (MCS) over the tropical oceans.
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Record ID:42/205

Date:09/15/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Zoloman, J.L., E.J. Zipser, K.I. Mohr
Title:A comparison of tropical mesoscle convective systems in El Nino and La Nina
Publication:J. Climate, 13, 3314-3326
Abstract:Tropical mesoscale convective systems(MCSs) were idenified from satellite data using the 85-GHz ice scattering channel for a La Nina year, and these MCSs were compared with MCSs identified on the same manner for an El Nino year in perious work by Mohr and Zipser.
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Record ID:42/206

Date:12/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Shige, S., T. Satomura
Title:The gravity wave reponse in the troposhere around deep convection
Publication:J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 78, 789-801
Abstract:The gravity wave response of a quiescent atmosphere to a growing convective cell is investigated, using a non-hydrostatic compressible model.
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Record ID:42/207

Date:09/01/1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(64) Severe Storms
Author:Skamarock, W.C., M.L. Weisman, J.B. Klemp
Title:Three-dimensional evolution of simulated long-lived squall lines
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2563-2584
Abstract:Simulations of squll lines, using nonhydrostatic convection-resolving models, have been limited to two dimensions or three dimensions with the assumption of along-line periodicity. The authors present 3D nonhydrstatic convective-resolving simulations, produced using an adaptive grid model where, the lines are finite in length and the restriction to along-line periodicity is removed.
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Record ID:42/208

Date:08/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Laing, A.G., J.M. Fritsch
Title:The large-scale evnironments of the global populations of mesoscale convective complexes
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 2756-2776.
Abstract:The mean genesis environment was constructed for ecah of five mesoscale convective complex (MCC) population centers around the world: Africa, Australiz, China, South America, and the United States.
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Record ID:42/209

Date:09/01/2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Lupo, A.R., P.S. Market, S.E. Mudrick, C.W. Ratley, M.D. Chambers, C.C. Rayburn
Title:An analysis of a long-lived MCV observed over the southern plains using potential vorticity diagnostics
Publication:National Wea. Digest, 24,17-26
Abstract:On the morning of 28 May 1998, a mesoscale convectively-generated vortex (MCV) was observed over the Southern Plains.
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Record ID:42/210

Date:09/01/2001
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Anderson, C.J., R.W. Arritt
Title:Mesoscale convective systems over the United States during the 1997-98 El Nino
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2443-2457
Abstract:Large, long-lived mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) over the United States during the 1997-98 El Nino are documented.
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Record ID:42/211

Date:10/01/2001
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nagarajan, B., M.K. Yau, D.-L. Zhang
Title:A numerical study of a mesoscale convective system during TOGA COARE. Part I: Model description and verification
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2501-2520
Abstract:A 16-h numerical simulation of the growing and mature stagesof the 15 December 1992 Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) mesoscale convective systems (MCS is performed to demonstrate the predictability of tropical MCSs when intial conditions and model physical processes are improved.
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Record ID:42/212

Date:4/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Trier, S.B., C.A. Davis
Title:Influence of Balanced Motions on Heavy Precipitation within a Long-Lives Convectively Generated Vortex
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 877-899
Abstract:The forcing of heavy precipitations within a long-lived convectively generated mesoscale vortex (MCV) is investigated with the aid of diagnosis from Rapid Update Cycle gridded analyses.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/213

Date:2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(51) Numerical Weather Prediction
Author:Bernardet, L.R., L.D. Grasso, J.E. Nachmakin, C.A. Finley, W.R. Cotton
Title:Simulating convective events using a high-resolution mesoscale model
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 105, 14,963-14,982
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 41
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Record ID:42/214

Date:07/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Morel, C., S. Senesi
Title:A Climatology of Mesoscale Convective Systems over Europe using the Satellite infrared Imagery. I: Methodology
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 128, 1953-1971
Abstract:An automated method aimed at producing a signifigant European mesoscale convective system (MCS) climatology is presented.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/215

Date:07/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Morel, C., S. Senesi
Title:A Climatology of mesoscale convective systems over Europe using satellite infrared imagery. II: Characteristics of European mesoscale convective systems
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 128, 1973-1995
Abstract:An automated method for mesoscale convective system (MCS) identification and tracking (described in part I) is applied in order to derive a sound European MCS database using Meteosat infrared channel (IR10.8) images centered over Europe, the western Mediterranean and north Africa.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/216

Date:10/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(40) Lightning
Author:Lang, T.J., S.A. Rutledge
Title:Relationships between Convective Storm Kinematics, Precipitation, and Lightning
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2492-2506
Abstract:Combines multiparameter radar, dual-doppler thermodynamic sounding and lightning observations of 11 thunderstorms are examined.
Location:
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Record ID:42/217

Date:2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, J.E., R.L. McAnelly, W.R. Cotton
Title:Interactions between a developing mesoscale convective system and its enviornment. Part II: Numerical Simulation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1225-1244
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 40
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Record ID:42/218

Date:2000
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, J.E., R.L. McAnelly, W.R. Cotton
Title:Interactions between a developing mesoscale convective system and its environment Part I: Observational analysis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1205-1224
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 40
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Record ID:42/219

Date:1999
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:A radar climatology of developing mesoscale convective systems
Publication:8th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 28 June-1 July, Boulder, CO.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 39
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Record ID:42/220

Date:1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bernardet, Cotton
Title:Multi-scale evolution of a derecho-producing mesoscale convective system
Publication:12th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, 11-16 January, 1998, Phoenix, AZ, AMS.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 38
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Record ID:42/221

Date:1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Blanchard, D.O., W.R. Cotton, J.M. Brown
Title:Mesoscale circulation growth under conditions of weak inertial instability
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 118-140
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 37
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Record ID:42/222

Date:1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, J.E., W.R. Cotton
Title:Interacting solenoidal circulations and their role in convective orogenesis
Publication:8th Conference on Mountain Meteorology, 3-7 August 1998 Flagstaff, AZ, AMS
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 37
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Record ID:42/223

Date:1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(31) Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation [4DDA]
Author:Bernardet, L.R., J.E. Nachamkin, C.A. Finley, L.D. Grasso, W.R. Cotton
Title:Predictability of convective events-Four experiments
Publication:6th International Conference on Precipitation, Mauna Lani Bay, Hawaii, June 29-July 1, 1998
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 37
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Record ID:42/224

Date:1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Olsson, P.Q., W.R. Cotton
Title:Balanced and unbalanced circulations in a primitive equation simulation of a midlatitude MCC. Part I: The numerical simulation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 4, 457-478
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 36
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Record ID:42/225

Date:1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Olsson, P.Q., W.R. Cotton
Title:Balanced and unbalanced circulations in a primitive equation simulation of a midlatitude MCC. Part II: Analysis of Balance
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 4, 479-797
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 36
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Record ID:42/226

Date:1997
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, R.L., J.E. Nachamkin, W.R. Cotton, M.E. Nicholls
Title:Upscale evolution of MCSs: Doppler Radar Analysis and Analytical Investigation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1083-1110
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 36
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Record ID:42/227

Date:1998
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bernardet, L.R., W.R. Cotton
Title:Multi-scale numerical simulation of a derecho-producing MCS
Publication:12th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, 11-16 January, 1998, Phoenix, AZ. AMS
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 36
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Record ID:42/228

Date:1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(55) Potential Vorticity
Author:Hertenstein, R.F., W.R. Cotton
Title:Evolution of Vorticity and potential vorticity associated with two simulated mesoscale convective systems
Publication:7th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 9-13 September 1996, Reading, UK, AMS
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 36
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Record ID:42/229

Date:1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, J.E., W.R. Cotton
Title:Numerical Simulation of the growth of a high plains MCS.
Publication:7th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 9-13 September 1996, Reading, UK, AMS
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 34
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Record ID:42/230

Date:1996
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Olsson, P.Q., W.R. Cotton
Title:Rapid Vortex generation in a simulated mesoscale convective system
Publication:7th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 9-13 September 1996, Reading, UK, AMS
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 34
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Record ID:42/231

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, McAnelly, Cotton
Title:An Observational analysis of a developing mesoscale convective complex
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1168-1188
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 32
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Record ID:42/232

Date:1995
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, McAnelly, Cotton
Title:Analysis of a Developing MCS using pressure retrievals from the CSU-CHILL and Mile High Doppler Radars
Publication:27th Conference on Radar Meteorology, 9-13 October 1995 Vail,CO.
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 32
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Record ID:42/233

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Nachamkin, Cotton
Title:The Development of an MCS in a quasi-tropical environment in Northeastern Colorado
Publication:6th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 17-22 July, Portland, OR.
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 42
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Record ID:42/234

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(55) Potential Vorticity
Author:Olsson, Cotton
Title:Diagnosis of balanced flow evolution in mesoscale convective systems using the nonlinear balace system
Publication:6th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 17-22 July, Portland, OR.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 31
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Record ID:42/235

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(55) Potential Vorticity
Author:Hertenstein, Olsson, Cotton
Title:Evolution of potential vorticity associated with two mesoscale convective systems
Publication:6th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 17-22 1994 July, Portland, OR.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 31
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Record ID:42/236

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, Cotton, McAnelly
Title:Analysis of the Early Growth Stages of a High-Plains MCS
Publication:6th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 17-22 July 1994, Portland, OR.
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 31
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Record ID:42/237

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Alexander, Cotton
Title:Explicit simulation of a tropical mesoscale convective system
Publication:10th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, 17-22 July 1994, Portland, OR.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 31
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Record ID:42/238

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Hertenstein, Cotton
Title:Simulation of a midlatitude squall line using multiple interactive grid nesting
Publication:10th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, 17-22 July 1994, Portland, OR.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 31
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Record ID:42/239

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, Alexander, Hertenstein, Wiessbluth
Title:Analysis techniques using data from explicit simulations of mesoscale convective systems
Publication:8th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation, 23-28 January 1994, Nashville, TN.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 30
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Record ID:42/240

Date:1994
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Alexander, Cotton
Title:Explicit simulation of a tropical mesoscale convective system
Publication:4th Amospheric Radiation Measurement Science Team Meetin, Feb. 28-Mar. 3 1994, Charleston, SC.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 30
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Record ID:42/241

Date:11/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Mathon, V., H. Laurent, T. Lebel
Title:Mesoscale Convective System Rainfall in the Sahel
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 41, 1081-1092
Abstract:Based on a full-resolution Meteostat dataset, an extensive climaotological study of the mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) observed by satellite over the Sahel leads to the definition of a subpopulation of MCSs-called organized convective systems (OCSs) that represents only 12% of the total number of MCS's observed during 9 yr over the central Sahel while accounting for almost 80% of the total convective cloud cover defined at the 233-K threshold.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/242

Date:12/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Davis, C.A., S.B. Trier
Title:Cloud-Resolving Simulations of Mesoscale Vortex Intensification and Its Effect on a Serial Mesoscale Convective System
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2839-2858
Abstract:The authors performed numerical simulations of the 27-28 May 1998 mesoscale convective vortex and mesoscale convective system to understand how the MCV modulated the convection and how the convection intensified the vortex.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/243

Date:1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Fortune, Cotton, McAnelly
Title:Frontal Wave like Evolution in some mesoscale Convective Complexes
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, July 1992, 1279-1300
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 29
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Record ID:42/244

Date:1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:Early Growth of Mesoscale Covective Complexes: A Meso-B-Scale Cycle of Convective Precipitation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, Sept. 1992, 1851-1877
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 29
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Record ID:42/245

Date:1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Weissbluth, Hertenstein, Cotton
Title:Model Output Diagnostics from Explicitly Simulated MCSs.
Publication:Fourth Symposium on Global Change Studies, 17-22 January 1993, Anaheim, CA.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 29
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Record ID:42/246

Date:1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Nachamkin, Cotton
Title:Upscale growth processes in a mesoscale convective system
Publication:26th International Conference on Radar Meteorology, 24-28 May 1993, Norman, OK , AMS
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 30
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Record ID:42/247

Date:1993
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, Weissbluth, Hertenstein, Alexander
Title:The Challenge of Simulating mesoscale convective systems
Publication:Workshop on Mesoscale Meteorology, 26-30 April 1993, Taipei, Taiwan
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 30
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Record ID:42/248

Date:1991
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Ye, Cotton, Fortune
Title:Observational study of microphysics on the stratiform region and transition region of a midlatitude mesoscale convective complex
Publication:Acta. Met. Sinica, 5, 527-540
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 28
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Record ID:42/249

Date:1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cram, Pielke, Cotton
Title:Numerical simulations and analysis of a prefrontal squall line. Part I: Observations and basic simulation results
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 189-208
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 28
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Record ID:42/250

Date:1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cram, Pielke, Cotton
Title:Numerical Simulation and analysis of a prefrontal squall line. Part II: Propagation of the squall line as an internal gravity wave
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 209-225
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 28
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Record ID:42/251

Date:1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nachamkin, McAnelly, Cotton
Title:Dual Dopplerradar analysis of a developing wake low in the MCC of 3 June 1985 in PRE-STORM
Publication:5th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 6-10 January 1992, Atlanta, GA. AMS
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 28
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Record ID:42/252

Date:1992
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tremback, Hertenstein, Cotton
Title:Analysis and simulation of the 3-4 June 1985 series of MCCs
Publication:5th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 6-10 Jan. 1992, Atlanta, GA. AMS
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 28
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Record ID:42/253

Date:1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(69) Transport And Diffusion
Author:Schmidt, Tremback, Cotton
Title:Numerical Simulations of a derecho event: Synoptic and mesoscale components
Publication:16th Conference of Severe Local Storms 22-26 October 1990, Kananaskis Prov. Park, Alberta Canada
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 27
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Record ID:42/254

Date:1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(51) Numerical Weather Prediction
(74) Land Surface - Soil/Vegetation/Snow
Author:Tremback, Cotton
Title:Sensitivity of a simulated mesoscale convective complex to variations in teh initialization of soil moisture
Publication:8th Conference on Hydrometeorology, 22-26 October 1990, Kananaskis Prov. Alberta, Canada
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 27
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Record ID:42/255

Date:1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Schmidt, Cotton
Title:Interactions between upper and lower tropospheric gravity waves on squall line structure and maintenance
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1205-1222
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 27
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Record ID:42/256

Date:1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Verlinde, Cotton
Title:A Mesoscale vortex couplet observed in the trailing anvil of a multicelluar convective complex
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 993-1010
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 27
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Record ID:42/257

Date:1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Tremback, Cotton
Title:Numerical simulation of the interactions between the mountain/plains solenoid and a mesoscale convective complex
Publication:4th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 25-29 June 1990, Boulder, CO.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/258

Date:1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nicholls, Cotton, Pielke
Title:The formation of deep gravity wavesby a mesoscale convective system
Publication:4th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 25-29 June 1990, Boulder, CO.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/259

Date:1990
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:Dual-Doppler analysis of the
Publication:4th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 25-29 June 1990, Boulder, CO.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/260

Date:1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:A meso-B-scale pulse of convective precipitation during the early growth of mesoscale convective complexes
Publication:24th Conference on Radar Meteorology, 27-31 March, Tallahassee, FL.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/261

Date:1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nicholls, Johnson, Cotton
Title:The sensitivity of two-dimensional simulations of tropical squall lines to environmental profiles
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3625-3649
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/262

Date:1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
(60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:Chen, Cotton
Title:The Sensitivity of a simulated extratropical mesoscale convective system to longwave radiation and ice-phasae microphysics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3897-3910
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/263

Date:1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Schmidt, Cotton
Title:A High Plains squall line associated with severe surface winds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 281-302
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/264

Date:1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(49) Mountain Meteorology
Author:Tripoli, Cotton
Title:Numerical study of an observed orogenic mesoscale convective system. Part I: Simulated genesis and comparison with observations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 273-303
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/265

Date:1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(49) Mountain Meteorology
Author:Tripoli, Cotton
Title:Numerical study of an observed orogenic mesoscale convective system. Part II: Analysis of geverning dynamics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 305-328
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/266

Date:1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, Tremback, Walko
Title:Simulation of the 7-8 June Tamex Case
Publication:Workshop on TAMEX Preliminary Scientific Results 26-30 June, Taipei, Taiwan
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/267

Date:1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, Lin, McAnelly, Tremback
Title:A composite model of mesoscale convective complexes
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 765-783
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/268

Date:1989
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:The precipitation life cycle of mesoscale convective complexes over the central United States
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 783-808
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/269

Date:1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:Cotton, Chen, Tripoli
Title:Radiative influences on precipitating mesoscale systems
Publication:10th International Cloud Physics Conf., 15-20 August, Bad Homburg, FRG
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/270

Date:1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nicholls, Cotton
Title:A numerical investigation of the microphysical processes occurring in a tropical squall line
Publication:2nd International Cloud Modeling Workshop, Toulouse, France, WMO 8-12 August
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/271

Date:1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Verlinde, Cotton
Title:A case study of a vorticity center in a trailing anvil region of a multicellular complex
Publication:24th Conference on Radar Meteorology, 27-31 March, Tallahassee, FL. AMS
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/272

Date:1987
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tripoli, Gregory
Title:Scale Interaction within a developing mesoscale convective system
Publication:3rd Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 21-26 August, Vancouver, BC, Canada, AMS
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 24
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Record ID:42/273

Date:1987
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Ryan, Tripoli, Cotton
Title:Upside-down convection down under: A numerical Study
Publication:3rd Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 21-26 August, Vancouver, BC. Canada
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 24
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Record ID:42/274

Date:1987
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Knupp, Cotton
Title:Internal structure of a small mesoscale convective system
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 629-645
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 25
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Record ID:42/275

Date:1987
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, Lin
Title:A Composite model of mesoscale convective complexes
Publication:3rd Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 21-26 August, Vancouver, BC. Canada
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 25
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Record ID:42/276

Date:1987
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Yeh, Fan, Fortune, Cotton
Title:Comparison of the microphysics between the transition region and stratiform region in a mesoscale convective complex
Publication:3rd Conference on Mesoscale Processes, 21-26 August, Vancouver, BC . Canada
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 25
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Record ID:42/277

Date:1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Verlinde, Cotton
Title:Observed structure and evolution of a mesovortex in the trailing stratiform region on an MCC
Publication:10th International Cloud Physics Conference, 15-20 August, Bad Homburg, FRG.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/278

Date:1988
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:Fan, Yeh, Cotton, Tripoli
Title:Microphysics in a deep convective cloud system associated with a mesoscale convective complexes-numerical simulation
Publication:10th International Cloud Physics Conf. 15-20 August, Bad Homburg, FRG.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 26
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Record ID:42/279

Date:1986
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tripoli, Tremback, Cotton
Title:A comparison of a numerically simulated mesoscale convective system with explicit and parameterized convection
Publication:23rd Conference on Cloud Physics and Radar Meteorology, Sept. 22-26, Snowmass, CO.
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 23
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Record ID:42/280

Date:1986
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:Yeh, Fortune, Cotton
Title:Microphysics of the stratified precipitation region of a mesoscale convective system
Publication:23rd Conference on Cloud Physics and Radar Meteorology, Sept. 22-26, Snowmass, CO.
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 23
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Record ID:42/281

Date:1986
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Fortune, McAnelly
Title:The evolution of two mesoscale convective complexes with different patterns of convective organization
Publication:23rd Conference on Cloud Physics and Radar Meteorology, Sept. 22-26, Snowmass, CO.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 23
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Record ID:42/282

Date:1986
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tripoli
Title:Orogenic mesoscale convective systems in the lee of the Rockies
Publication:International Workshop on Rain-Producing Systems in the Tropics and Extra-Tropics, July 21-25, San Jose, CA.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 23
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Record ID:42/283

Date:1986
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(60) Atmospheric Radiation
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:Cotton, Chen
Title:The sensitivity of the stratiform region of a mesoscale convective system to radiative cooling/heating, melting and ice-phase heating
Publication:International Workshop on Rain--Producing Systems in the Tropics and Extra-Tropics, July 21-25, San Jose, CA.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 23
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Record ID:42/284

Date:1986
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:Precipitation life-cycle of mesoscale convective complexes over the Central United States
Publication:WMO International Workshop on Rain-Producing Systems in the Tropics and Extra Tropics, 21-25 July, San Jose, CA.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 23
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Record ID:42/285

Date:1986
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:Meso-B-scale characteristics of an episode of meso-scale convective complexes
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1740-1770
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 23
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Record ID:42/286

Date:1983
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Wetzel, Cotton, McAnelly
Title:A long-lived mesoscale convective complex. Part II: Evolution and Structure of the mature complex
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1919-1937
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 21
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Record ID:42/287

Date:1984
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, McAnelly
Title:The meso-B-scale evolution of mid-latitude meso-scale convective complexes
Publication:Volumer Nowcasting II: The 2nd International Symposium on Nowcasting, Norkopping, Sweden, 3-7 Septmeber
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 21
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Record ID:42/288

Date:1985
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Schmidt, Cotton
Title:Bow Echo Structure and evolution within a high plains meso-B-squall line
Publication:14th Conference on Severe Local Storms, 28-31 Oct. Indianapolis, IN. AMS
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 22
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Record ID:42/289

Date:1985
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:The precipitation life-cycle of mesoscale convective complexes
Publication:6th Conference on Hydrometeorology, 28-31 Oct. Indianapolis, IN.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 22
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Record ID:42/290

Date:1984
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, McAnelly, Schmidt
Title:A multi-scale analysis of the development of mesoscale convective complex
Publication:International Conference on Mesoscale Meteorology, 6-10 February, Melbourne, Australia
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 20
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Record ID:42/291

Date:1984
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Tripoli
Title:A numerical simulation of an observed convective squall line
Publication:International Conference on Mesoscale Meteorology, 6-10 February, Melbourne, Australia
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 20
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Record ID:42/292

Date:1984
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, McAnelly, Schmidt, Lin
Title:A multi-scale observational investigations of the formation mechanisms of mesoscale convective complex
Publication:9th International Cloud Physics Conference, 21-28 August, Tallin, USSR
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 20
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Record ID:42/293

Date:1983
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cotton, George, Wetzel, McAnelly
Title:A long-lived mesoscale convective complex. Part I: The mountain-generated component
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1893-1918
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 21
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Record ID:42/294

Date:1981
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:The meso-B-scale structure and precipitation characteristics of middle-latitude meso-scale convective complexes
Publication:4th Conference on Hydrometeorology, Reno, NV.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 17
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Record ID:42/295

Date:1981
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:McAnelly, Cotton
Title:Meso-B-scale structure and evolution of middle-latitude meso-scale convective complexes
Publication:IAMAP 3rd Scientific Assesmbly, Hamburg, Germany
Abstract:none
Location:reprints box 42
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Record ID:42/296

Date:1982
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Wetzel, Cotton, McAnelly
Title:The dynamic structure of the mesoscale convective complex-some case studies
Publication:12th Conference on Severe Local Storms, 11-15 Jan. San Antonio, TX.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 18
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Record ID:42/297

Date:11/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Weisman, M.L., R.J. Trapp
Title:Low-level mesovortices within squall lines and bow echoes: Part I. Overview and environmental shear senesitivities
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2779-2803.
Abstract:This two-part study proposes fundamental explanations of the genesis, structure, and implications of low-level meso-gamma-scale vortices within quasi-linear convectionve systems (QLCSs) like squall lines and bow echoes.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/298

Date:11/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Trapp, R.J., M.L. Weisman
Title:Low-level mesovortices within squall lines and bow echoes. Part II: Their genesis and implications
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2804-2833.
Abstract:This two-part study proposes a fundamental explanation of the genesis, structure, and implications of low-level, meso-gamma-scale vortices within quasi-linear systems (QLCSs) like squall lines and bow echoes.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/299

Date:01/01/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(46) Microphysics - Warm Cloud
(2) Aerosols & Aerosols (Scavenging)
Author:Rudich, Y., O. Khersonsky, D. Rosenfield
Title:Treating clouds with a grain of salt
Publication:Geophys. Res. Ltrs., 29, 17-1-17-3
Abstract:High concentrations of small atmospheric aerosols are known to reduce the size of cloud droplets, increase cloud alebdo and suppress precipitaiton formation.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/300

Date:01/01/2003
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Pinsky, M., A. Khain
Title:Fine structure of cloud droplet concentration as seen from the fast-FSSP measurements. Part II: Results of in situ observations
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 42, 65-73
Abstract:A new feature of cloud structure has been discovered while analyzing the measurements obtained in situ in 57 clouds by the Fast Forward-Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP).
Location:7
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Record ID:42/301

Date:08/12/2002
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Coniglio, M.C., D.J. Stensrud, M.B. Richman
Title:An observational study of derecho-producing convective systems
Publication:Proceedings, 21st Conference on Severe Local Storms, 12-16 Aug. 2002, San Antonio, AMS, 9-12
Abstract:None
Location:3
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Record ID:42/302

Date:01/01/2003
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Laing, A.G.
Title:Mesoscale convective systems
Publication:Mesoscale Meteorogy, Elsevier Science Ltd., 1251-1262
Abstract:A mesoscale convective system (MCS) is an organized, multicellular convective weather system marked by an extensive mid-upper-level stratiform cloud shield.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/303

Date:01/01/2001
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Johnson, R.H., B.E. Mapes
Title:Mesoscale processes and severe convective weather
Publication:Meteorological Monographs, Vol. 28, No. 50, 71-122
Abstract:Severe convective weather events--tornadoes, hailstorms, high winds, flash floods--are inherently mesoscale phenomena.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/304

Date:09/01/2003
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(51) Numerical Weather Prediction
Author:Takemi, T., R. Rotunno
Title:The effects of subgrid model mixing and numerical filtering in simulations of mesoscale cloud systems
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2085-2101
Abstract:Using the newly developed Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, this study investigates the effects of subgrid mixing and numerical filtering in mesoscale cloud simulations by examining the sensitivities to the parameters in turbulence-closure schemes as well as the parameters in numerical filters.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/305

Date:10/01/2003
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Pettet, C.R., R.H. Johnson
Title:Airflow and precipitation structure of two leading stratiform mesoscale convective systems determined from operational datasets
Publication:Wea. Forecasting, 18, 685-699
Abstract:An analysis of the airflow and precipitaiton structure of two leading stratiform (LES) mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) is presented.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/306

Date:12/01/2003
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Ashley, W.S., T.L. Mote, P.G. Dixon, S.L. Trotter, E.J. Powell, J.D. Durkee, A.J. Grundstein
Title:Distribution of mesoscale convective complex rainfall in the United States
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 3003-3017
Abstract:Several annual mesoscale convective complex (MCC) summaries have been compiled since Maddox strictly defined their criteria in 1980.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/307

Date:07/01/2004
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Knight, C.A., L.J. Miller, W.D. Hall
Title:Deep convection and
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1877-1890.
Abstract:The development of convective cells within anvil precipitaiton, in a region of moderate convective activity that might be called a small mesoscale convective system, is described and discussed.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/308

Date:01/01/2003
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bryan, G.H., J.M. Fritsch
Title:On the existence of convective rolls in the convective region of squall lines
Publication:Proc., 10th Conf. on Mesoscale Processes, Portland, OR.
Abstract:None
Location:3
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Record ID:42/309

Date:01/01/2005
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Cheng, A.
Title:Organization of mesoscale convective systems: 2. Linear theory
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 110, D15S12, doi:10.1029/2004JD005450
Abstract:The anelastic system of equations (3-D momentum, continuity and thermodynamic energy) is used to investigate the organization of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) using the references layer concept presented in part 1.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/310

Date:07/01/2005
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Bryan, G.H.
Title:Spurious convective organization in simulated squall lines owing to moist absolutely unstable layers
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 1968-1997.
Abstract:A spurious updraft pattern has been documented in some numerical simulations of squall lines.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/311

Date:1/1/2005
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Wang, J., K.P. Georgakakos
Title:Effects of cold microphysical processes on the surface precipitation variability of nonsquall tropical oceanic convection
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 110, D22203, doi:10.1029/2005JD005787.
Abstract:The influence of cold microphysical processes on surface precipitation variability is investigated for a nonsquall cluster and a scattered convective event that occurred over the tropical Pacific Ocean durin the DWAJEX Experiment period.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/312

Date:09/01/2006
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Nascimento, E.D.L., K.K. Droegemeier
Title:Dynamic adjustment in a numerically simulated mesoscale convective system: Impact of the velocity field
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2246-2268.
Abstract:An identical twin methodology is applied to a three-dimensional cloud model to study the dynamics of adjustment in deep convective storms.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/313

Date:01/01/2006
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(74) Land Surface - Soil/Vegetation/Snow
Author:Guo, X., D. Fu, J. Wang
Title:Mesoscale convective precipitation system modified by urbanization in Beijing City
Publication:Atmos. Res., 82, 112-126.
Abstract:The possible effect of urbanized modification on cloud structure and precipitation distribution in a severe convective precipitation system on June 4, 2003 in Beijing City was numericall investigation by using the PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System (MM5).
Location:3
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Record ID:42/314

Date:10/01/2006
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Wakimoto, R.M., H.V. Murphey, C.A. Davis, N.T. Atkins
Title:High winds generated by bow echoes, Part II: The relationship between the mesovortices and damaging straight-line winds
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2813-2829.
Abstract:Airborne radar analysis of a mesovortex that developed near the apex of a bow echo is presented.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/315

Date:07/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Sui, Chung-Hsiung; Tsay, Ching-Tung; Li, Xiaofan
Title:Convective–stratiform rainfall separation by cloud content
Publication:. Geophys. Res., Vol. 112, No. D14, D14213, doi:10.1029/2006JD008082.
Abstract:A method is proposed to separate the convective component of the precipitation from the remainder based on threshold values of vertically integrated content of ice clouds (ice water path, IWP), water clouds (liquid water path, LWP), and their ratio (cloud ratio).
Location:http://www.agu.org/pubs/current/jd/?month=July
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Record ID:42/316

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Lericos, Todd P., Henry E. Fuelberg, Morris L. Weisman, and Andrew I. Watson
Title:Numerical Simulations of the Effects of Coastlines on the Evolution of Strong, Long-Lived Squall Lines
Publication:Monthly Weather Review, 135, 1710-1731.
Abstract:This study develops conceptual models of how a land–water interface affects the strength and structure of squall lines. Two-dimensional numerical simulations using the Advanced Regional Prediction System model are employed. Five sets of simulations are performed, each testing eight wind shear profiles of varying strength and depth.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/317

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Marquis, James N., Yvette P. Richardson, and Joshua M. Wurman
Title:Kinematic Observations of Misocyclones along Boundaries during IHOP
Publication:Monthly Weather Review, 135, 1749-1768.
Abstract:During the International H2O Project, mobile radars collected high-resolution data of several 0.5–2-km-wide vertically oriented vortices (or misocyclones) along at least five mesoscale airmass boundaries.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/318

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Storm, Brandon A., Matthew D. Parker, and David P. Jorgensen
Title:A Convective Line with Leading Stratiform Precipitation from BAMEX
Publication:Monthly Weather Review, 135, 1769-1785.
Abstract:On 31 May 2003, a front-fed convective line with leading stratiform precipitation (FFLS) was observed during the Bow Echo and Mesoscale Convective Vortex Experiment (BAMEX).
Location:3
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Record ID:42/319

Date:06/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Davis, Christopher A., Stanley B. Trier
Title:Mesoscale Convective Vortices Observed during BAMEX. Part I: Kinematic and Thermodynamic Structu
Publication:Monthly Weather Review, 135, 2029-2049.
Abstract:Five cases of mesoscale convective vortices (MCVs) are described from observations collected during the Bow Echo and MCV Experiment (BAMEX) over the central United States during the period from 20 May to 6 July 2003.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/320

Date:06/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Trier, Stanley B., Christopher A. Davis
Title:Mesoscale Convective Vortices Observed during BAMEX. Part II: Influences on Secondary Deep Convection
Publication:Monthly Weather Review, 135, 2051-2075.
Abstract:Observations from the Bow Echo and Mesoscale Convective Vortex (MCV) Experiment are used to examine the role of the five mesoscale convective vortices described in Part I on heavy precipitation during the daytime heating cycle. Persistent widespread stratiform rain without deep convection occurs for two strong MCVs in conditionally stable environments with strong vertical shear.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/321

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Conzemius, Robert J., Richard W. Moore, Michael T. Montgomery, and Christopher A. Davis
Title:Mesoscale Convective Vortex Formation in a Weakly Sheared Moist Neutral Environment
Publication:Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64, 1443-1466.
Abstract:Idealized simulations of a diabatic Rossby vortex (DRV) in an initially moist neutral baroclinic environment are performed using the fifth-generation National Center for Atmospheric Research–Pennsylvania State University (NCAR–PSU) Mesoscale Model (MM5).
Location:3
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Record ID:42/322

Date:04/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Takemi, Tetsuya
Title:A sensitivity of squall-line intensity to environmental static stability under various shear and moisture conditions
Publication:Atmospheric Research, 84, 374-389.
Abstract:Squall lines develop in various climate regions having diverse environmental profiles of wind shear, moisture, and temperature. In order to explore the sensitivity of squall lines to these environmental profiles, we have performed an extensive set of numerical simulations under various shear and moisture conditions in midlatitude-continental and tropical–oceanic temperature environments.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/323

Date:04/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Takemi, Tetsuya
Title:A sensitivity of squall-line intensity to environmental static stability under various shear and moisture conditions
Publication:Atmospheric Research, 84, 374-389.
Abstract:Squall lines develop in various climate regions having diverse environmental profiles of wind shear, moisture, and temperature. In order to explore the sensitivity of squall lines to these environmental profiles, we have performed an extensive set of numerical simulations under various shear and moisture conditions in midlatitude-continental and tropical–oceanic temperature environments.
Location:2
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Record ID:42/324

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
(51) Numerical Weather Prediction
Author:Gerard, L.
Title:An integrated package for subgrid convection, clouds and precipitation compatible with meso-gamma scales
Publication:Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 133: 711–730, DOI: 10.1002/qj.58
Abstract:The integration into a coherent package of the main ‘moist’ parametrizations – deep convection, resolved condensation, and microphysics – of a limited-area model is presented.
Location:3
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Record ID:42/325

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