Date:10/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hirschberg, P.A., J.M. Fritsch
Title:A study of the development of extratropical cyclones with an analytic model. Part II: Sensitivity to tropospheric structure and analysis of height tendency dynamics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2312-2330
Abstract:An analytic quasigeostrophic model is used to examine the sensitivity of type B cyclogenesis to the vertical structure of the troposphere given a particular stratospheric temperature configuration. It is found that there is an optimal tropospheric configuration that produces the largest negative height tendency at the center of the 1000-mb model cyclone.
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Record ID:26/1

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Redelsperger, J.-L., J.-P. LaFore
Title:Non-hydrostatic simulations of a cold front observed durig the FRONTS 87 experiment
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 519-555
Abstract:A two-dimensional non-hydrostatic cloud model is used to simulate a frontal system observed on 11 November 1987 during the FRONTS 87 experiment. The cloud resolving model is able to reproduce a large variety of frontal bands, starting from only the meso-alpha-scale fields produced by a hydrostatic forecast model.
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Record ID:26/2

Date:02/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reuter, G.W., M.K. Yau
Title:Assessment of slantwise convection in ERICA cyclones
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 375-386
Abstract:Atmospheric stability properties for cumulus and slantwise convection in oceanic midlatitude cyclones are analyzed using dropsonde observations from the Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA). Vertical cross sections perpendicular to the low-level wind shear are selected in the frontal regions for four ERICA storms.
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Record ID:26/3

Date:12/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reed, R.J., Y.-H. Kuo and S. Low-Nam
Title:An adiabatic simulation of the ERICA IOP 4 storm: An example of a quasi-ideal frontal cyclone development
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2688-2708
Abstract:Numerical experiments with dry, inviscid models started from small normal-mode perturbations in baroclinic jet flows provide examples of ideal baroclinic cyclone development. This paper examines, with the use of the Pennsylvania State University - National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model, cyclone development under conditions that resemble the ideal experiments ...
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Record ID:26/4

Date:12/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Steenburgh, W.J., C.F. Mass
Title:The stucture and evolution of a simulated Rocky Mountain lee trough
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2740-2761
Abstract:This paper describes the life cycle of a lee trough associated with the passage of a baroclinic wave over the Rocky Mountains based on two overlapping simulations by the Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model. The evolution of the lee trough may be summarized as follows.
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Record ID:26/5

Date:11/15/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Paldor, N., C.-H. Liu, M. Ghil, R.M. Wakimoto
Title:A new frontal instability: Theory and ERICA observations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3227-3237
Abstract:A short-wave instability theory is applied to secondary waves on a narrow cold-front rainband observed during the Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA). The basic mean state is approximated by the parabolic, geostrophically balanced interface between two layers of homogeneous density.
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Record ID:26/6

Date:12/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Rotunno, R., W.C. Skamarock, C. Snyder
Title:An analysis of frontogenesis in numerical simulations of baroclinic waves.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3373-3398
Abstract:Using a primitive equation (PE) model, we revisit two canonical flows that were previously studied using a semigeostrophic equation (SG) model. In a previous paper, the authors showed that the PE and SG models can have significantly different versions of the large-scale dynamics - here they report on the implications of this difference for frontogenesis.
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Record ID:26/7

Date:06/01/1986
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Achtor, T.H., L.H. Horn
Title:Spring season Colorado cyclones. Part I: Use of composites to relate upper and lower tropospheric wind fields
Publication:J. Clim. Appl. Meteor., 25, 732-743
Abstract:A set of 70 cases of spring season Colorado cyclone events is used to form composites which describe the upper and lower tropospheric wind fields during the early
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Record ID:26/8

Date:05/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Alberta, T.L., S.J. Colucci, J.Cl. Davenport
Title:Rapid 500-mb cyclogenesis and anticyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1186-1204
Abstract:Rapid intensification of cyclones and anticyclones in National Meteorological Center 500-mb height analyses is investigated during the 1983-84 cool seasons (Sept. through May). Rapid intensification is defined by analyzed height decreases (increases) of at least 10 (5) dam in 24 h at the centers of 500-mb cyclones (anticyclones), defined here by closed contours at 6-dam
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Record ID:26/9

Date:15/09/1984
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Baldwin, D., E.Y. Hsie, R. Anthes
Title:Dignostic studies of a two-dimensional simulation of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2686-2700
Abstract:The two-dimensional model simulation of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere discussed by Hsie and others is used to provide dynamically consistent data for diagnostic calculations to quantify the physical processes important in the frontogenesis. The terms in the prognostic equation for the
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Record ID:26/10

Date:10/01/1980
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ballentine, R.J.
Title:A numerical investigation of New England coastal frontogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 1479-1497
Abstract:A three-dimensional, primitive equation, boundary-layer model is used to investigate wintertime mesoscale frontogenesis along the New England coast. Some features included in the model are a terrain-following coordinate system to study the effects of irregular terrain, a stable
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Record ID:26/11

Date:06/15/1984
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bannon, P.R.
Title:Effects of stratification on surface frontogenesis: Warm and cold fronts
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2021-2026
Abstract:The role of the ambient stratification in semigeostrophic surface frontogenesis is examined. Model fronts forming in regions of large static stability 1) are weaker, 2) are titled more toward the horizontal, and 3) propagate more slowly toward the warm air than
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Record ID:26/12

Date:10/15/1986
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bannon, P.R.
Title:Linear development of quasi-geostrophic baroclinic disturbances with condensational heating
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2261-2274
Abstract:This paper presents the linear solution to the initial value problem for the Eady model of baroclinic instability including condensation heating using a wave-CISK formulation with a uniform heating profile in the vertical. As in the dry case, the
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Record ID:26/13

Date:06/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Barnes, S., B.R. Colman
Title:Quasigeostrophic diagnosis of cyclogenesis associated with a cutoff extratropical cyclone--the Christmas 1987 storm
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1613-1634
Abstract:A major snowstorm in Colorado is considered in order to demonstrate the utility of a quasigeostrophic (QG) dianostic scheme that is capable of separating from the total QG forcing field the cross-isentrope, ageostrophic circulations associated with jet-streak dynamics. The storm did not develop as a consequence of typical
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Record ID:26/14

Date:06/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bell, G.D., L.F. Bosart
Title:A case study dianosis of the formation of an upper cutoff cyclone circulation over the Eastern United States, 1993
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1635-1655
Abstract:The synoptic-scale evolution during the formation phase of a midtropospheric cutoff cyclonic circulation over the eastern United States is diagnosed within the potential vorticity framework using the GALE (Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment) case of 18-19 January 1986
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Record ID:26/15

Date:00/00/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bell, G.D., L.F. Bosart
Title:Mid-tropospheric closed cyclone formation over the southwestern United States, the Eastern United States and the Alps
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 791-813
Abstract:Observational composites of midtropospheric closed cyclone formation are constructed and diagnosed for three regions: The southwestern United States, the eastern United States, and the southern lee of the Alps. The spatial scales upon which closed cyclone formation occurs are then examines by zonally decomposing the composite 500-hPa
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Record ID:26/16

Date:12/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Benard, P., J.L. Redelsperger, J.P. Lafore
Title:Nonhydrostatic simulation of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere. Part I: General description and narrow rainbands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2200-2217
Abstract:A series of experiments using a two-dimensional, nonhydrostatic, numericla cloud model with fine horizontal and vertical resolution is performed with the Hoskins-Bretherton solution to the Eady problem as initial condition.
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Record ID:26/17

Date:03/15/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bishop, C.H., A.J. Thorpe
Title:Frontal wave stability during moist deformation frontogenesis. Part I: Linear wave dynamics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 852-873
Abstract:It has been shown that lower tropospheric potential vorticity zones formed during moist deformation frontogenesis will support growing waves if at some time the frontogenesis ceases. In this paper, the ways in which these waves are affected by the frontogenesis process are identified
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Record ID:26/18

Date:03/15/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bishop, C.H., A.J. Thorpe
Title:Frontal wave stability during moist deformation frontogenesis. Part II: The suppression of nonlinear wave development
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 874-888
Abstract:In this paper, the role of horizontal deformation and the associated frontogenetic ageostrophic circulation in suppressing the development of nonlinear waves is assessed. Unless linear barotropic frontal waves can become nonlinear, the associated horizontal
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Record ID:26/19

Date:02/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Black, R.X., R.M. Dole
Title:The dynamics of large-scale cyclogenesis over the North Pacific Ocean
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 421-442
Abstract:Earlier studies of persistent large-scale flow anomalies have been extended, with the aim of identifying the primary mechanisms for persistent anomaly development. In this study the focus is on wintertime
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Record ID:26/20

Date:03/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bleck, R.
Title:Depiction of upper/lower vortex interaction associated with extratropical cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 573-585
Abstract:Using observed data and model simulations, an attempt is made to verify that baroclinic instability can be viewed as an interaction and mutual amplification of a pair of upper- and lower-tropospheric potential vorticity (PV) perturbations.
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Record ID:26/21

Date:05/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Boers, R., S.H. Melfi, S.P. Palm
Title:Cold-air outbreak during GALE: Lidar observations and modeling of boundary layer dynamics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1132-1150
Abstract:Two cold-air outbreaks were studied during the genesis of Atlantic lows Experiment. A lidar system was operated to observe the boundary layer evolution and the development of clouds. On the first day (30 Jan. 1986) boundary layer rise was less than 50% of the value for the second day (2 March 1986). On the first day only a thin broken cloud cover formed, while on the second day
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Record ID:26/22

Date:12/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bond, N.A., M.A. Shapiro
Title:Research aircraft observations of the mesoscale and microscale structure of a cold front over the Eastern Pacific Ocean
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 3080-3094
Abstract:This study describes the structure of an oceanic cold front from research aircraft observations taken during the Ocean Storms field experiment.
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Record ID:26/23

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Smith, R.K., M.J. Reeder, N.J. Trapper, D.R. Christie
Title:Central Australian cold fronts
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 16-38
Abstract:This paper persents an observational study of the structure and behavior of cold fronts over central Australia during the late dry season, a time of year when the prefrontal convectively well-mixed layer is particularly deep. The study is based on the results of the Central Australian Fronts Experiments (CAFE) held in 1991.
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Record ID:26/24

Date:02/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Martin, J.E., J.D. Locatelli, R.V. Hobbs, P.-Y. Wang, J.A. Castle
Title:Structure and evolution of winter cyclones in the central United States and their effects on the distribution of precipitation. Part I: A synoptic-scale rainband associated with a dryline and lee trough.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 241-264
Abstract:A convective rainband, which was approximately 1500 km in length and affected large areas of the central United States for about 16h, developed within an evolving winter cyclone. The rainband, which will be referred to as the pre-drytrough rainband, formed approximately 400km ahead of a developing dryline and lee trough (drytrough, for short) that created an elevated, sloping layer of convective instability.
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Record ID:26/25

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bosart, L.F., C.-C. Lai, E. Rogers
Title:Incipient explosive marine cyclogenesis: Coastal development.
Publication:Tellus, 47A, 1-29
Abstract:A case of incipient explosive marine cyclogensis along the east coast of North America from February 1974 is investigated.
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Record ID:26/26

Date:07/01/1981
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bosart, L.F.
Title:The President's Day snowstorm of 18-19 February 1979: A subsynoptic-scale event
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1542-1566
Abstract:On 18-19 February a major east coast cyclone deposited a record-breaking snowfall on the Middle Atlantic States. The storm is noteworthy becasue of the failure of the operational prediction models to signal the intensity of the event. The life cycle of the cyclone is reviewed with
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Record ID:26/27

Date:11/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bosart, L.F., C.C. Lai, R.A. Weisman
Title:A case study of heavy rainfall associated with weak cyclogenesis in the northwest Gulf of Mexico
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2469-2500
Abstract:This paper describes a case of unexpected weak cyclogenesis over the northwestern Gulf of Mexico from 16 to 19 Sept 1984 based upon manually prepared and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (EMMWF)
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Record ID:26/28

Date:07/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bromwich, D.H.
Title:Mesoscale cyclogenesis over the Southwestern Ross Sea linked to strong katabatic winds
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1736-1752
Abstract:Two years of automatic weather station (AWS) observations and satellite images have been used to study mesoscale cyclogenesis along the Transantarctic Mountains. Twice-daily regional sea-level pressure analyses revealed the frequent formation of mesoscale
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Record ID:26/29

Date:05/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Businger, S., B. Walter
Title:Comma cloud development and associated rapid cyclogenesis over the Gulf of Alaska: A case study using aircraft and operational data
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1103-1123
Abstract:The NOAA P-3 aircraft was used to collect data in a genesis region for mesoscale comma clouds over the Gulf of Alaska
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Record ID:26/30

Date:06/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Castelli, F., R.L. Bras, K.A. Emanuel
Title:An analytical approach to the nonlinear dynamics of moist frontogenesis
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1504-1518
Abstract:The existence of analytical solutions for two-dimensional nonlinear semigeostrophic models of moist frontogenesis is investigated. Two different schemes for the modeling of stratiform cloud thermodynamicsare taken into account, one based on the assumption
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Record ID:26/31

Date:10/01/1980
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Carlson, T.N.
Title:Airflow through midlatitude cyclones and the comma cloud pattern
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 1498-1509
Abstract:Airflow through a developing midlatitude disturbance is analyzed in a relative-wind isentropic system in order to provide insight into how the cloud pattern evolves into the familiar comma shape. The model presented makes use of various concepts such as that of the conveyor belt and
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Record ID:26/32

Date:09/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Chang, S.E., R.J. Alliss, S. Rama, J.J. Shi
Title:SSM/I observations of ERICA IOP 4 marine cyclone: A comparison with insitu observations and model simulation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2452-2464
Abstract:Fields of rainfall rates, integrated water vapor (IWV), and marine surface wind speeds retrieved by the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) during the intensive observational period on 4 Jan
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Record ID:26/33

Date:02/01/1983
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Chang. S., K. Brehme, R. Madala, K. Sashegyi
Title:A numerical study of the east coast snowstorm of 10-12 February 1983
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1768-1778
Abstract:A numerical study of the east coast snowstorm of 10-12 February 1983 has been conducted with the NRL mesoscale model. The three dimensional, hydrostatic, primitive equation model 1 x 51 horizontal grid points with a half degree resolution in a verification domain of 100 W to 60 W and 25 N to 45 N. There are ten layers
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Record ID:26/34

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Chang, S.W., T.R. Holt
Title:Impact of assimilating SSM/I rainfall rates on numerical prediction of winter cyclones
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 151-164
Abstract:A series of observing system simulation experiments (OSSE) and real data assimilation experiments were conducted to assess the impact the assimilation Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I)-eastimated rainfall rates on limited-area model
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Record ID:26/35

Date:12/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Chen, S.J., Y.H. Kuo, P.Z. Zhang, Q.F. Bai
Title:Climatology of explosive cyclones off the east Asian Coast
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 3029-3035
Abstract:The climatology of explosive cyclogenesis off the east Asian coast was studied, based on 30 years (1950-87) of surface analyses. There were two favorable areas for explosive deepening, one over the eastern Sea of Japan, and the other over the northwestern Pacific
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Record ID:26/36

Date:02/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Cho, H.R.
Title:A mechanism causing mesoscale organizations of precipitation in midlatitude cyclones
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 32, 155-160
Abstract:Results from a linear analysis and numerical integrations of a two-dimensional model of moist frontogenesis show that mesoscale organizations of precipitaiton in midlatitude cyclones may be caused by a positive feedback process between potential-vorticity anomalies and latent heat
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Record ID:26/37

Date:10/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Craig, G., H.R. Cho
Title:Cumulus heating and CISK in the extratropical atmosphere. Part I: Polar lows and comma clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2622-2640
Abstract:The effects of cumulus heating and the possibility of CISK in extratropical latitudes are explored by combining intrinsic time scale, however the equations can be solved for geopotential tendency
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Record ID:26/38

Date:11/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Davis, C.A.
Title:A potential-vorticity diagnosis of the importance of initial structure and condensational heating in observed extratropical cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2409-2428
Abstract:The dynamics of a cyclone development over the midwestern United States on 15 Dec 1987 are investigated with a focus on the relationship between cyclone structure and condensational heating. Low-level cyclogenesis is initiated by a large
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Record ID:26/39

Date:12/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Davis, C.A., K.A. Emanuel
Title:Observational evidence for the influence of surface hat fluxes on rapid maritime cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 2649-2659
Abstract:We present an observational study of the possible effects of sea surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat on rapidly deepening cyclones over the wetern Atlantic Ocean. Based on the recognition that convectional operational models (specifically the LFM),
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Record ID:26/40

Date:08/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Davis, C.A., K.A. Emanuel
Title:Potential vorticity diagnostics of cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1929-1953
Abstract:The assumption of dynamically balanced flow allows one to completely encase the dynamics of extratropical cyclones in a potential vorticity (PV) framework. This approach offers a conceptually simple interpretation of dynamics because PV is a conserved quantity (in the absence of heating and friction) from which the flow itself can be deduced
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Record ID:26/41

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Davis, C.A., M.T. Stoelinga, Y.H. Kuo
Title:The integrated effect of condensation in numerical simulations of extratropical cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2309-2330
Abstract:By combining traditional sensitivity studies with techniques that focus on the conservation and invertibility properties of Ertel's potential vorticity (PV), we illustrate the effect of latent heating on the structure and evolution of three simulated extratropical cyclones. The cases include one continental cyclone development
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Record ID:26/42

Date:04/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:DeMaria, M., J.M. Davis, D.M. Wojtak
Title:Observations of mesoscale wave disturbances during the genesis of Atlantic lows experiment
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 826-842
Abstract:The Portable Automated Mesonet data obtained during the genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment are used to document mesoscale wave activity during the 3-day period from 4 to 6 February 1986
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Record ID:26/43

Date:07/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Dodge, P.P., R.W. Burpee
Title:Characteristics of rainbands, radar echoes and lightning near the north Carolina Coast during GALE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1936-1955
Abstract:Characteristics of mesoscale rainbands and echoes in radar reflectivity data recorded during the field phase of the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) are presented. The primary sources of data were radar microfilm and manually digitized radar (MDR) reports from the operational National Weather Service
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Record ID:26/44

Date:02/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Doyle, J., T. Warner
Title:Mesoscale coastal processes during GALE IOP 2
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 282-308
Abstract:No abstract
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Record ID:26/45

Date:04/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Doyle, J.D., T.T. Warner
Title:A numerical investigation of coastal frontogenesis and mesoscale cyclogenesis during GALE IOP 2
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1048-1077
Abstract:The Pennsylvania State Univ. - NCAE Mesoscale Model is used to examine the structure and dynamics of coastal frontogenesis and mesoscale cyclogenesis observed during intensive observational period 2 (IOP 2) of the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE). The model accurately simulates many of the observed mesoscale features
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Record ID:26/46

Date:02/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Doyle, J.D., T.T. Warner
Title:The impact of the sea surface temperature resolution on mesoscale coastal processes during GALE IOP 2
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 313-334
Abstract:The Pennsylvania State University-NCAR Mesoscale Model is used to examine the sensitivity of the structure and evolution of mesoscale coastal phenomena to the sea surface temperature (SST) distribution in the vicinity of the Gulf Stream during intensive observation period 2 (IOP 2) of the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment
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Record ID:26/47

Date:08/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Egger, J.
Title:Alpine lee cyclogenesis: Verification of theories
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2187-2203
Abstract:A novel technique is used to test theories of Alpine lee cyclogenesis. An 'idealized' reference simulation of a cyclogenetic event is performed with a channel flow model. Recent theories of Sperance et al., Pierrehumbert and Smith are tested by modifing the
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Record ID:26/48

Date:09/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:Observational evidence of slantwise convective adjustment
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1805-1816
Abstract:Attempts were made during two field expeirments to fly instrumented aircraft along absolute momentum (M) surfaces as a means of accurately determining slantwise convective stability. The application of this technique appears to have been quite successful
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Record ID:26/49

Date:04/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Fiorino, M., R.L. Elsberry
Title:Some aspects of vortex structure related to tropical cyclone motion
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 975-990
Abstract:Some effects of tropical cyclone structure on the vortex motion are examined in a nondivergent, barotropic numerical model with no basic current
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Record ID:26/50

Date:01/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Fosdick, E.K., P.J. Smith
Title:Latent heat release in an extratropical cyclone that developed explosively over the Southeastern United States
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 193-207
Abstract:Using the Goddard Laboratory for Atmosphere FGGE Level III-b analyses, the latent heat release (LHR) associated with an extratropical cyclone that deepened explosively over the southeastern United States is investigated. Parameterized LHR was calculated and compared with satellite-derived precipitation estimates and
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Record ID:26/51

Date:12/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Fulton, S.R., W.H. Schubert
Title:Surface frontogenesis in isentropic coordinates
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2534-2541
Abstract:The semigeostrophic equations take a particularly simple form when istentropic and geostrophic coordinates are used simultaneously: the horizontal ageostropich velocities are entirely implicit, and the entire dynamics reduces to a predictive equation for the potential pseudoensity (inverse Ertel potential vorticity)
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Record ID:26/52

Date:03/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Garratt, J.R.
Title:Summertime cold fronts in southeast Australia--Behavior and low-level structure of main-frontal types
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 6363-649
Abstract:The Cold Fronts Research Programme concentrated upon cold frontal systems occurring in southeast Australia during late spring and early summer; many of these tend to be comple, with change lines associated with sea breezes, prefrontal squall iines and related cold outflows.
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Record ID:26/53

Date:05/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Gyakum, J.R.
Title:Meteorological precursors to the explosive intensification of the QE II storm
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1105-1131
Abstract:The objective of this research is to define the meteorological conditions prior to the explosive developing of the QE II storm. By using conventional data and detailed McIDAS satellite imagery we document the genesis of this storm along a preexisting line of active surface frontogenesis, 12 h before the onset of its extraordinary rapid 24-h centrla pressure fall
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Record ID:26/54

Date:11/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Gyakum, J.R., E.S. Barker
Title:A case study of explosive subsynoptic-scale cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 2225-2253
Abstract:The continental cyclone of 28-29 March 1984 was noteworthy for its explosive intensification within six hours. Surface and upper-air data are analyzed for this storm throughout its 18-h lifecycle of growth and decay over the eastern United States. The short time scale of this low's explosive development motivates us to place particular emphasis upon the hourly surface
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Record ID:26/55

Date:08/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Byakum, J.R., P.J. Roebber, T.A. Bullock
Title:The role of antecedent surface vorticity development as a conditioning process in explosive cyclone intensification
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1465-1489
Abstract:We examine the idea that attecedent vorticity development, defined as the surface vorticity spinup in the period prior to a cyclone's maximum intensification
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Record ID:26/56

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hayes, J.L., R.T. Williams, M.A. Rennick
Title:Lee cyclogeneisis. Part II: Numerical studies
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2354-3268
Abstract:The effect of topography on the evolution of a disturbance in a baroclinically unstable mean flow is studies using a three-dimensional primitive equations model. A procedure is developed to compare control integrations with no topography with integrations
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Record ID:26/57

Date:08/15/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Haynes, P.H., M.E. McIntyre
Title:On the conservations and impermeability theorems for potential vorticity
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2021-2031
Abstract:If the partial analogy between the behavior of Rossby-Ertel potential vorticity (PV) and the behavior of chemical tracers is to be correctly used in the general case of diabatic, frictional motion, then certain fundamental differences, as well as similarities
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Record ID:26/58

Date:03/01/1980
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Herzebh, P.H., P.V. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. II: Warm-frontal clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 597-611
Abstract:The air motions and growth of precipitaiton in warm-frontal clouds containing mesoscale rainbands have been studies through Doppler radar, aircraft, rawinsonde and surface measurements.
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Record ID:26/59

Date:00/00/1981
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Herzebh, P.H., P.V. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatutide cyclones. IV: Vertical air motions and microphysical structures of prefrontal surge clouds and cold-frontal clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1771-1784
Abstract:The vertical air motions and microphysical structure of the clouds associated with two mesoscale precipitation systems in the Pacific Northwest are examine using rawinsode, aircraft and vertically pointing Doppler radar data.
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Record ID:26/60

Date:03/15/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hertzman, O., P. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and previpitation in midlatitudes cyclones. Part XIV: Three-dimensional airflow and vorticity budget of rainbands in a warm occlusion
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 893-914
Abstract:Two rainbands in a young, warm occlusion are examined using dual-Doppler radar data and supporting mesoscale measurements
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Record ID:26/61

Date:12/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hertzman, O., P.V. Hobbs, J.D. Locatelli
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. XVI: Three-dimensional airflow and vertical velocity budget for a warm front
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3650-3666
Abstract:The three-dimensional structure of a warm front and its preciitation features are examined using dual-Doppler radar data and supporting mesoscale measurements. Evidence is presented to support a
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Record ID:26/62

Date:01/15/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hirschberg, P.A., J.M. Fritsch
Title:A study of the development of extratropicalcyclones with an analytic model. Part I: The effects of stratospheric structure
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 311-327
Abstract:A new five-layer, quasigeostrophic model of baroclinic development is utilized to examine the initial-value problem sensitivity of extratropical cyclogenesis to the variation of stratospheric thermal and geopotential configurations associated with tropospause
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Record ID:26/63

Date:04/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Holt, T.R., S.W. Chang
Title:A numerical investigation of the effects of timing of diabatic processes in the coastal cyclogenesis of GALE IOP 2
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1007-1029
Abstract:Sensitivity of coastal cyclogenesis to the effects of timing of diabatic processes is investigated using the Naval Research Lab Mesoscale Model. Numerical experiments were conducted to examine the sensitivity of the intensificaiton and propagation of a coastal cyclone to changes in the timing of latent heat release due to
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Record ID:26/64

Date:09/01/1984
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hsie, E.Y., R. Anthes, D. Keyser
Title:Numerical simulation of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2581-2594
Abstract:This paper describes the effects of condensation and evaporation on mesoscale frontla circulations in a two-dimensional numericla model. Utilizing an explicit scheme for the prediction of water vapor, cloud water and rainwater, the model is used to investigate the interactions between convection and the larger-scale environment. The model results
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Record ID:26/65

Date:09/15/1984
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hsie, E.Y., R. Anthes
Title:Simulations of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere using alternative parameterizations of condensation and precipitation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2701-2716
Abstract:Heat and moisture budgets are computed for the 40 km model simulations of moist frontogenesis described recently by Hsie and others. The apparent heat source and moisture sinks are dominated by the condensaitont erm and have maxima in the middle troposphere. Both the large-scale (200 km) moisture convergence and the large-scale vertical motion
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Record ID:26/66

Date:07/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Innocentini, V., E. Dos Santos Caetano Neto
Title:A numerical study of the role of humidity in the updraft driven by moist slantwise convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1092-1106
Abstract:A hydrostatic numerical model with simple microphysical parameterization is used to simulate moist slantwise convection (MSC) in an archetypal initial condition free of other kinds of instability. The numerical experiments are designed to explore the roles of rain
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Record ID:26/67

Date:02/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Juang, H.M.H.
Title:Numerical simulations of a cold front and its precipitation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 385-411
Abstract:Short-range (36-h) simulations of a surface cold front that occurred over the Great Plains of the U.S. during the SESAME-AVE III period are made using a significantly modified version of a hydrostatic, sigma-coordinate, quasi-Lagrangian, primitive-equation grid-point model.
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Record ID:26/68

Date:03/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Juang, H.M.H., Y. Ogura
Title:A case study of rapid cyclogenesis over Canada. Part II; Simulations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 674-704
Abstract:Short-range (36 and 48 h) simulations of a rpaid cyclogenesis that occurred over Canada in the spring season are made using a signficantly modified version of the hydrostatic, sigma-coordinate, quasi-Lagrangian grid model developed by Mathur.
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Record ID:26/69

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Moore, G.W.K.
Title:The development of tropopause folds in two-dimensional models of frontogenesis
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2321-2334
Abstract:The geostrophic momentum approximation will be employed to investigate the mechanism of tropopause folding that occurs within upper-level fronts formed by the action of a stretching deformation field in a non-uniform potential vorticity fluid. The tropopause
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Record ID:26/70

Date:04/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Keshishian, L.G., L.F. Bosart, W.E. Bracken
Title:Inverted troughs and cyclogenesis over interior North America: A limited regional climatology and case studies
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 565-604
Abstract:A limited regional climatology of cyclones with and without inverted throughs that form in the Colorado region is presented along with case study results from two major cyclone events in which an inverted trough plays a prominent role in the life cyclone of the storm.
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Record ID:26/71

Date:06/01/1985
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Keyser, D., M.J. Pecnick
Title:A two-dimensional primitive equation model of frontogenesis forced by confluence and horizontal shear
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1259-1282
Abstract:A two-dimensional primitive equation model of frontogenesis forced by a combination of confluence and horizontal shear is formulated for dry, nealry adiabatic and inviscid conditions. The frontogenetical forcing mechanisms are included by respectively
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Record ID:26/72

Date:06/01/1985
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Keyser, D., M.J. Pecnick
Title:Diagnosis of ageostrophic circulations in a two-dimensional primitive equation model of frontogenesis
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1283-1305
Abstract:Diagnoses are presented of the transverse ageostrophic circulation patterns fro two cases from a two-dimensional primitive equation model of frontogenesis forced by a combination of confluence and horizontal shear.
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Record ID:26/73

Date:03/15/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Knight, D.J., P. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. Part XV: A numerical modeling study of frontogenesis and cold-frontal rainbands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 915-930
Abstract:A two-dimensional hydrostatic, primitive-equation model is used to investigate the dynamics of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere
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Record ID:26/74

Date:03/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Koshyk, J.N., H.R. Cho
Title:Dynamics of a mature front in a uniform potential vorticity semigeostrophic model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 497-510
Abstract:A discontinuous solution to a deformation-forced, semigeostrophic frontogenesis model is developed. The model atmosphere is adiabatic and has uniform potential vorticity. Surfaces of discontinuity evolve from an initial point discontinuity along a horizontal boundary
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Record ID:26/75

Date:05/15/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Koshyk, J.N., H.R. Cho
Title:Tropopause folds and surface frontal collapse
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1273-1281
Abstract:A two-layer, deformation-forced, semigeostrophic frontogenesis model is presented in which the lower and upper layers represent the troposphere and stratosphere, respectively. The evolution of an upper-tropospheric front and associated tropopause fold is examined after the formation of a discontinuity at the lower
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Record ID:26/76

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Kuo, Y.H., S. Low-Nam
Title:Prediction of nine explosive cyclones over the Western Atlantic Ocean with a regional model
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 3-25
Abstract:A series of 14 numerical experiments were conducted using the Penn State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research mesoscale model on nine cases of explosive cyclogenesis. The main
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Record ID:26/77

Date:10/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Kuo, Y.H., R.J. Ree, S. Low-Nam
Title:Thermal structure and airflow in a model simulation of an occluded marine cyclone
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2280-2297
Abstract:A very fine mesh model simuluation of the Ocean Ranger storm of February 1982 is used to study the thermal structure and airflow in an intense marine cyclone. In particular, the study
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Record ID:26/78

Date:01/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lapenta, W.M., N.L. Seaman
Title:A numerical investigation of East Coast cyclogenesis during the cold-air damming event of 27-28 February 1982. Part II: Importance of physical mechanisms
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 52-76
Abstract:On 27-28 February 1982 cyclogenesis occurred along a Carolina coastal front. Despite the relatively weak low pressure center typical of many coastal storms, this case produced widespread hazardous conditions-within 12 h up to 30 cm
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Record ID:26/79

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lee, C.S. R. Edson, W.M. Gray
Title:Some large-scale characteristics associated with tropical cyclone development in the north Indian Ocean during FGGE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 407-426
Abstract:This paper discusses the meteorological conditions associated with tropical cyclone formation in the north Indian Ocean during the 1979 FGGE year
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Record ID:26/80

Date:07/15/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lemaitre, Y., G. Scialom, P. Amayenc
Title:A cold frontal rainband observed ruing the LANDES-FRONTS 84 experiment: mesoscal and small-scale structure inferred from dual-Doppler radar analysis
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2215-2235
Abstract:This paper presents the kinematic structure of a cold frontal rainband associated with a secondary cold front which moved over southwest of France on 4 June 1984
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Record ID:26/81

Date:09/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lin, Y.J., R.W. Pasken, H.W. Chang
Title:The structure of a subtropical prefrontal convective rainband. Part I: Mesoscale kinematic structure determined from dual-Doppler measurements
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1816-1836
Abstract:In Part I of this study, strctureal features of a convective rainband associated with the Mei
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Record ID:26/82

Date:10/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lin. Y.L.
Title:A theory of cyclogenesis forced by diabatic heating. Part I: A quasi-geostrophic approach
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3015-3036
Abstract:A quasi-geostrophic theory of cyclogenesis forced by low-level diabatic heating in a backsheared baroclinic flow if proposed. Existence of wind reversal in one direction of the basic flow is essential criterion to obtain a forced
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Record ID:26/83

Date:08/15/1987
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Locatelli, J.D., P.V. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. XIII: Structure of a warm front
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2290-2309
Abstract:Mesoscale measurements from radars, aircraft and rawinsondes, and synoptic and satellite data are used to provide a detailed description of a warm front as it approached the Washington Coast.
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Record ID:26/84

Date:05/15/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Locatelli, J.D., P.V. Hobbs, B. Geerts
Title:Organization and structure of clouds and precipitation on the mid-Atlantic coast of the U.S. Part II: The mesoscale and microscale structures of some frontal rainbands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1349-1364
Abstract:The mesoscale and microscale structures of the clouds and precipitation associated with a frontal system on the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States are investigated using radar reflectivity and Doppler velocity data, surface mesonet, convectional surface
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Record ID:26/85

Date:05/15/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Locatelli, J.D., J.M. Sienkiewicz, P.V. Hobbs
Title:Organization and structure of clouds and precipitation on the mid-Atlantic coast of the U.S. Part I: Synoptic evolution
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1327-1348
Abstract:The frontal structure of a cyclone that developed in the lee of the Rocky Mountains and moved eastward across the United States is examined.
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Record ID:26/86

Date:08/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lupo, A.R., P.J. Smith, P. Zwack
Title:A diagnosis of the explosive development of two extratropical cyclones
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1490-1523
Abstract:This paper examines the 24-h explosive development periods of two extratropical cyclones, the first occurring over the Gulf Stream of the coast of New England from 18-19 January 1979 and the second
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Record ID:26/87

Date:08/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:MacDonald, B.C., E.R. Reiter
Title:Explosive cyclogenesis over the Eastern United States
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1568-1586
Abstract:Cases of explosve cyclogenesis ('bombs') were identified over the central and eastern United States and were compared with nonexplosive cyclone development in the same region. The tendency equations for vorticity and geopotential thickness, and a modified divergence equation were used to find signatures of
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Record ID:26/88

Date:11/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Manobianco, J.
Title:Explosive East Coast cyclogenesis over the west-central North Atlantic Ocean: A composite study derived from ECMWF operational analysis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 2365-2383
Abstract:This paper describes the observational aspects of explosive East Coast cyclogenesis using composites constructed from daily global analyses generated and archived by the European Center for Medium
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Record ID:26/89

Date:11/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Manobianco, J.
Title:Explosive east coast cyclogenesis: Numerical experimentation and model-based diagnostics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 2384-2405
Abstract:Numerical experimentation of explosive East Coast cyclogenesis is performed using the Florida State University Global Spectral Model (FSUGSM). The three cases examined here are the President's Day storm of 18-19 February 1979 and the North Atlantic and Pacific bombs of 18-19 January 1979 which
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Record ID:26/90

Date:04/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Marecal, V., D. Hauser, F. Roex
Title:The 12/13 January 1988 narrow cold-frontal rainband observed during MFDP/FRONTS87. Part II: Microphysics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 975-998
Abstract:The microphysics of a narrow cold-frontal rainband (NCFR) observed during the MFDP/FRONTS87 experiment is investigated by using a microphysical retrieval model. The equation of evolution of the water subtance and of the temperature are solved uisng a wind field
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Record ID:26/91

Date:06/01/1986
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Marshment, R., L.H. Horn
Title:Spring season Colorado cyclones. Part II: Composites of atmospheric moisture and moist static stability
Publication:J. Clim. Appl. Met., 25, 744-752
Abstract:A composite based on 39 cases of April and May Colorado cyclogenesis is used to examine the moisture distribution and its
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Record ID:26/92

Date:08/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Martin, J.E., J.D. Locatelli, P.V. Hobbs
Title:Organization and structure of clouds and precipitation on the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States. Part V: The role of an upper-level front in the generation of a rainband
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1293-1303
Abstract:The origins of a rainband of moderate intensity that occurred over the eastern Carolinas is investigated. It is concluded that the band formed in the updraft portion of a thermodyanmically
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Record ID:26/93

Date:05/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Martin, J.E., J.D. Locatelli, P.V. Hobbs
Title:Organization and structure of clouds and precipitation on the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States. Part VI: The synoptic evolution of a deep troposphere frontal circulation and attendant cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1299-1316
Abstract:Interaction between an upper-level front resulted in the production of a deep, precipitating frontal structure over the south Atlantic states on 26-27 Jan 1986
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Record ID:26/94

Date:03/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Marwitz, J.D., J. Toth
Title:A case study of heavy snowfall in Oklahoma
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 648-660
Abstract:Heavy snowfall occurred in central Oklahoma on 14 Dec 1987. The snowfall continued throughout the following day, with over 30 cm of snow falling from Oklahome to Michigan.
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Record ID:26/95

Date:04/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Mass, C.F., D.M. Schultz
Title:The structure and evolution of a simulated midlatitude cyclone over land
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 889-913
Abstract:Using output from a mesoscale model simulation, this paper describes the evolution of the three-dimensional temperature and humidity structures of an intense cyclone that developed over the eastern half of the U.S during 14-16 Dec 1987. Some specific findings include the following
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Record ID:26/96

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Moncrieff, M.W.
Title:Analytical models of narrow cold-frontal rainbands and related phenomena
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci. 46, 150-162
Abstract:Simplified versions of the steady analytical models of density currents developed by Moncrieff and So are shown to represent archetypes of narrow cold-frontal rainbands by making comparisons with the limited amount of published observational data that describe the phenomena.
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Record ID:26/97

Date:11/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Moore, J.T., P.D. Blakley
Title:The role of frontogenetical forcing and conditional symmetric instability in the midwest snowstorm of 30-31 Jan 1982
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 2155-2171
Abstract:On 30-31 Jan 1982 a modest low pressure system moved through the lower Mississippi Valley into western Tennessee. During this 24-h period rain changed to snow over central Missouri and Illinois, increasing in intensity over the last 12 h. In additional embedded convection took place over west-central
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Record ID:26/98

Date:11/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Moore, J.T., G.E. Vanknowe
Title:The effect of jet-streak curvature on kinematic fields
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2429-2441
Abstract:A simple two-layer primitive equation (PE) model is used to study the effect of curvature on jet-streak kinematics, specifically vertical motion. Three types of vertical motion are studied: Kinematic (PE) vertical motion, Quasigeostrophic (QG) vertical motion, and
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Record ID:26/99

Date:11/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Mullen, S.L., D.P. Baumhefner
Title:Sensitivity of numerical simulations of explosive oceanic cyclogenesis to changes in physical parameterizations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 2289-2329
Abstract:The relative importance of different parameterized physical processes and baroclinic dynamics in numerical simulations of explosive oceanic cyclogenesis is examined. The numerical simulations are derived from a global spectral model having nine vertical levels and a rhomboidal 31 truncation. Eleven cases of rapid
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Record ID:26/100

Date:12/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Mullen, S.L., D.P. Baumhefner
Title:The impact of initial condition uncertainty on numerical simulations of large-scale explosive cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 2800-2821
Abstract:The impact of initial condition uncertainty on short-range (up to 48 h) forecasts of large-scale explosive cyclogenesis is examined. Predictability experiment are conducted on 11 cases of rapid oceanic cyclogenesis that occurred in a long-term, perpetual January integration of a global, high-resolution
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Record ID:26/101

Date:07/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Mullen, S.L., D.P. Baumhefner
Title:Monte Carlo simulations of explosive cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1548-1567
Abstract:The impact of initial condition uncertainty on short-range (0-48 h) simulations of explosive surface cyclogenesis is examined with the context of a perfect model environment. Eleven Monte Carlo simulations are performed
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Record ID:26/102

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Neiman, P.J., M.A. Shapiro
Title:The life cycle of an extratropical marine cyclone. Part I: Frontal cyclone evolution and thermodynamic air-sea interaction
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2153-2176
Abstract:The Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic was carried out over the western North Atlantic Ocean to provide temporally continuous comprehensive datasets from which to document the life cycle of
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Record ID:26/103

Date:08/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Neiman, P.J., M.A. Shapiro, E.G. Donall, C.W. Kreitzberg
Title:Diabatic modification of an extratropical marine cyclone warm sector by cold underlying water
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1576-1590
Abstract:On 25-27 Jan 1988, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Wave Propagation Lab, Drexel Univ., and the Office of Naval Research carried out a combined pre-ERICA research aircraft investigation of a major marine cyclone moving
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Record ID:26/104

Date:08/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Neiman, P.J., M.A. Shapiro, L.S. Fedor
Title:The life cycle of an extratropical marine cyclone. Part II: mesoscale structure and diagnostics
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2177-2199
Abstract:This is the second of two articles describing the evolving structure and selected physical processes within an intense extratopical marine cyclone observed duirng the experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA) field program. Part I describes the 24-h frontal-cyclone evolution through 6-h horizontal
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Record ID:26/105

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Nuss, W.A.
Title:Air-sea interaction influences on the structure and intensification of an idealized marine cyclone
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 351-369
Abstract:Three numerical simulations of cyclogenesis in a baroclinic channel model with realistic physical parameterizations are compared to examine the influence of surface heat and moisture fluxes on the structure and development mechanisms of an idealized midlatitude cyclone.
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Record ID:26/106

Date:03/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ogura, Y., H.M.H. Juang
Title:A case study of rapid cyclogenesis over Canada. Part I: Diagnostic study
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 655-672
Abstract:A diagnostic analysis is made for the rapid development of two subsynoptic scale cyclones that coexisted over Canada in the spring season, using the Level IIIb First GARP Global experiment dataset assimilated by the
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Record ID:26/107

Date:02/15/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Orlanski, I., B.D. Gross
Title:Orographic modification of cyclone development
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 589-611
Abstract:The orographic modification of cyclone development is examined by means of primitive equation model simulations. When a mature baroclinic wave impinges on an east-west oriented mountain ridge, a relatively intense cyclone forms on the south side of the ridge. This cyclone extends throughout the depth of the troposphere and posseses
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Record ID:26/108

Date:11/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Orlanski, I., J. Katzfey, C. Menendez, M. Marino
Title:Simulation of an extratropical cyclone in the southern hemisphere: Model sensitivity
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2293-2311
Abstract:A rapidly deepening cyclone that occurred over the South Pacific on 5 September 1987 was investigated in order to assess the possible factors contributing to its development.
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Record ID:26/109

Date:10/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Parsons, D.B.
Title:An explanation for intense frontal updrafts and narrow cold-frontal rainbands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1810-1825
Abstract:Measurement with Doppler radar, and instrumented aircraft and towers, have revealed that surface cold fronts often have cross-frontal circulations organized on a scale of a kilometer or less. These circulations include intense updrafts (1 to 20 m s^_1) that result in a narrow band of heavy rainfall
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Record ID:26/110

Date:08/01/1983
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Parsons, D.B., P.V. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. IX: Some effects of orography on rainbands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1930-1949
Abstract:The effects of orography on the mesoscale structures and precipitation processes in warm-frontal, warm-sector, wide cold-frontal, narrow cold-frontal and post-frontal rainbands in four Pacific cyclones are
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Record ID:26/111

Date:10/01/1983
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Parsons, D.B., P.V. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. XI: Comparisons between observational and theoretical aspects of rainbands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2377-2397
Abstract:Comparisons are made between the characteristics of several types of rainbands observed in an extratropical cyclone and dynamical mechanisms relevant on the mesoscale
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Record ID:26/112

Date:06/15/1987
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Parsons, D.B., C.G. Mohr, T. Gal-Chen
Title:A severe frontal rainband. Part III: Derived thermodynamic structure
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 1615-1631
Abstract:Pressure, buoyance and virtual potential temperature perturbations are calculated from wind fields derived from Doppler radar data in a surface cold front. The dynamics of the front are similar to a
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Record ID:26/113

Date:11/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Physick, W.L.
Title:Mesoscale modeling of a cold front and its interaction with a diurnally heated land mass
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3169-3187
Abstract:A mesoscale numerical model incorporating a detailed planetary boundary-layer scheme, including momentum, heat and moisture exchnge with the lower boundary, is used to study the change in structure of a dry summertime front as it moves towards a coastline
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Record ID:26/114

Date:11/15/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Polavarapu, S.M., W.R. Peltier
Title:The structure and nonlinear evolution of a synoptic scale cyclone: Life cycle simulations with a cloud-scale model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2645-2672
Abstract:High resolution simulations of idealized baroclinic wave life cycles on both the f-plane and the beta-plane are performed. The anelastic, nonhydrostatic equations are employed in these analyses and motions are assumed dry adiabatic and inviscid, apart from a weak horizontal diffusion.
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Record ID:26/115

Date:06/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reed, R.J., G.A. Grell, Y-H. Kuo
Title:The ERICA IOP 5 storm. Part I: Analysis and simulation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1577-1594
Abstract:The ERICA IOP 5 storm was the thrid strongest cyclone observed during the three-month Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA) and the least successfully predicted by the operational models. This paper documents the storm development with use of nearly all available observational data and presents the results of a simulation of the storm carried
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Record ID:26/116

Date:06/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reed, R.J., G.A. Grell, Y-H. Kuo
Title:The ERICA IOP 5 Storm. Part II: Sensitivity tests and further diagnosis based on model output
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1595-1612
Abstract:This paper continues the study of the ERICA IOP 5 storm begun in a companion paper. The latter documented the storm development, utilizing both conventional and special observations, and presented the results of a successful
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Record ID:26/117

Date:06/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reed, R.J., M.T. Stoelinga, Y-H. Kuo
Title:A model-aided study of the origin and evolution of the anomalously high potential vorticity in the inner region of a rapidly deepening marine cyclone
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 893-913
Abstract:High spatial and temporal resolution field generated by a mesoscale prediction model are used to study a case of rapid marine cyclogenesis (26 mb in 12 h) within the context of potential vorticity (PV) thinking. The case,
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Record ID:26/118

Date:12/15/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reeder, M.J., R.K. Smith
Title:On air motion trajectories in cold fronts
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 4005-4007
Abstract:We examine air parcel trajectories in the two-dimensional model for a cold front by Reeder and Smith
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Record ID:26/119

Date:02/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Riordan, A.
Title:Examinations of the mesoscale features of the GALE coastal front of 24-25 January 1986
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 258-282
Abstract:No abstract.
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Record ID:26/120

Date:03/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Riordan, A.J., J.R. Anderson, S. Chiswell
Title:Small-scale structure of a coastal front as revealed by dual-Doppler radar
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 622-640
Abstract:The analysis of the rainband structure and wind fields associated with a coastal front along the North Carolina shoreline is described. Dual-Doppler radar and the augmented GALE (Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment) ensemble of in situ stations depict shallow, convective rainbands that overtake the front from the warm-air sector and intensify at the surface front location.
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Record ID:26/121

Date:12/00/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lin, Y.-L., D.J. Perkey
Title:Numerical modeling studies of a process of lee cyclogenesis
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3685-3697
Abstract:A process of lee cyclogenesis associated with backsheared baroclinic flow is studied using a fully nonlinear, primitive equation numerical model. A region of low pressure and a narrow baroclininc zone develop to the southwest of the mountain in the model for surface...
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Record ID:26/122

Date:12/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Benard, P., J.-P. Lafore, J.-L. Redelsperger
Title:Nonhydrostatic simulation of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere. Part II: Moist potential vorticity budget and wide rainbands.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2218-2235
Abstract:The different processes responsible for the occurrence of wide rainbands, as obtained by high-resolution (5-km) nonhydrostatic two-dimensional simulations of frontogenesis induces by shear, with an explicit representation of the convection are discussed.
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Record ID:26/123

Date:02/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Xu, Q., S. Gao
Title:An analytic model of cold air damming and its applications
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 353-366
Abstract:It is shown that the geometric shape of the cold dome in the two-layer model of cold air damming of Xu can be described approximately by a cubic polynomial and thus a set of coupled algebraic equations can be derived to quantify the scale and intensity of cold air damming as functions of the external parameters that characterize the environmental flow.
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Record ID:26/124

Date:04/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Koch, S.E., J.T. McQueen, V.M. Karyampudi
Title:A numerical study of the effects of differential cloud cover on cold frontal structure and dynamics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 937-964
Abstract:The effects of sensible heating and momentum mixing on the low-level structure and dynamics of a two-dimensional cold front are studied with a hydrostatic primitive equation model. Effects of inhomogeneous heating arising from a contrast in low-level cloud cover across the front are emphasized.
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Record ID:26/125

Date:04/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Kuo,Y.-H., J.R. Gyakum, Z. Guo
Title:A case of rapid continental mesoscale cyclogenesis. Part I: Model sensitivity experiments
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 970-997
Abstract:A rapid mesoscale cyclogenesis event took place over the southeastern United States during 28-29 March 1984. This small-scale cyclone, whose initial radius of circulation was approximately 120 km, was associated with a 3-h pressure fall of 11 mb, rainfall exceeding 60 mm, and numerous tornadoes.
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Record ID:26/126

Date:04/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Gyakum, J.R., Y.-H. Kuo, Z. Guo, Y.-R. Guo
Title:A case of rapid continental mesoscale cyclogenesis. Part II: Model and observational diagnosis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 998-1024
Abstract:The rapid surface cyclogenesis of March 1984 is examined from an observational and modeling perspective, in terms of both potential vorticity (PV) and traditional quasigeostrophic reasoning, during its evolution from a mesoscale cyclone to a state in which it is identifiable as a large-scale extratropical cyclone. The first stage of the cyclonic development is characterized by a surface warm anomaly forming as a consequence of surface heat fluxes.
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Record ID:26/127

Date:05/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Blier, W., R.M. Wakimoto
Title:Observations of the early evolution of an explosive oceanic cyclone during ERICA IOP 5. Part I: Synoptic overview and mesoscale frontal structure
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1288-1310
Abstract:The structural evolution of the extratropical cyclone that occured during intensive observation period 5 (IOP 5) of the Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA) is presented. In the present paper, the focus will be on the synoptic-scale development of the cyclone and the mesoscale frontal structure in the vicinity of the surface low center at a time early in its period of rapid deepening.
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Record ID:26/128

Date:05/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Wakimoto, R.M., N.T. Atkins, C. Liu
Title:Observations of the early evolution of an explosive oceanic cyclone during ERICA IOP 5. Part II: Airborne Doppler analysis of the mesoscale circulation and frontal structure
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1311-1327
Abstract:Using airborne Doppler radar data collected onboard the NOAA P-3 aircraft during ERICA IOP 5, the three-dimensional wind field of the ciruclation center of an explosive extratropical cyclone is shown. The cyclone was entering its rapid intensification stage at the time of analysis.
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Record ID:26/129

Date:05/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Wang, P.-Y., J.E. Martin, J.D. Locatelli, P.V. Hobbs
Title:Structure and evolution of winter cyclones in the central United States and their effects on the distribution of precipitation. Part II: Arctic Fronts
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1328-1344
Abstract:The structure and evolution of a shallow but intense cold front (commonly referred to as an arctic front) and its associated precipitation features that passed through the central United States from 0000 UTC 9 March to 0000 UTC 10 March 1992 are studied with the aid of observations and outputs from a numerical simulation using the Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model MM4.
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Record ID:26/130

Date:06/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Sinclair, M.R.
Title:A climatology of cyclogenesis for the southern hemisphere
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1601-1619
Abstract:This study surveys life cycle characteristics of cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). An objective technique for locating instances of cyclone formation, intensification, maturation, and decay is applied to a 7-year dataset of SH cyclone positions, obtained from an automated finding and tracking scheme based on twice-daily ECMWF analyses during 1980-86.
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Record ID:26/131

Date:06/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Davis, C.A.
Title:Observations and modeling of a mesoscale cold surge during WISPIT
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1762-1780
Abstract:front.
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Record ID:26/132

Date:09/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Locatelli, J.D., J.E. Martin, J.A. Castle, P.V. Hobbs
Title:Structure and evolution of winter cyclones in the central United States and their effects on the distribution of precipitaiton. Part III: The development of a squall line associated with weak cold frontogenesaloft
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2641-2662
Abstract:0
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Record ID:26/133

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Browning, K.A., S.A. Clough, C.S.A. Davitt, N.M. Roberts, T.D. Hewson, P.G.W. Healey
Title:Observations of the mesoscale sub-structure in the cold air of a developing frontal cyclone
Publication:Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 1229-1254
Abstract:Observations from 58 dropwindsondes released in a mesoscle array during the FRONTS 92 experiment are interpreted in the context of satellite imagery to derive the mesoscale structure and evolution of parts of a frontal cyclone developing over the eastern North Atlantic. A conceptual model involving the intertwining of `dry intrusion' and `cloud head' flows is corroborated in is used to provide the framework for interpreting the detailed mesoscale behaviour.
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Record ID:26/134

Date:00/00/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Marecal, V., Y. Lemaitre
Title:Importance of microphysical processes in the dynamics of a CSI mesoscale frontal cloud band
Publication:Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 301-318
Abstract:Microphysical processes in a cloud band observed during the MFDP/FRONTS 87 experiment are studied. The importance of precipitation evaporation in the downdraft zone of the cloud-band circulation, due to conditional symmetric instability (CSI), is clearly evidenced thanks to a two-dimensional (2D) microphysical retrieval model applied to an observed 2D wind field.
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Record ID:26/135

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Parker, D.J., A.J. Thorpe
Title:The role of snow sublimination in frontogenesis
Publication:Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 763-782
Abstract:Recent work on the influence of moist processes at synoptic fronts has shown how condensation heating can be strong and even a dominant factor in their development. At mesoscale lines of convection the heating is again dominant, but it is thought that cooling by the evaporation of precipitation is also a crucial factor in their development and propagation.
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Record ID:26/136

Date:2/15/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Balasubramanian, G., M.K. Yau
Title:The life cycle of a simulated marine cyclone: Energetics and PV diagnostics.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 4, 639-653.
Abstract:The life cycle of an intense marine cyclone is documented in this paper. The departure of the moist dynamics from the dry baroclinic dynamics is explored from an energetics point of view.
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Record ID:26/137

Date:4/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Heijboer, L.C., H.M. Kelder, M.J.M. Saraber, P.F.J. van Velthoven
Title:An analytic model describing the basic structure and development of mature extratropical cyclones.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 4, 571-582.
Abstract:Understanding the basic structure and development of extratropical cyclones is still quite important in modern meteorology. For this purpose a simple analytical model has been developed that is qualitative as well as quantitative and also reveals modern concepts like the frontal fracture and conveyor belts.
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Record ID:26/138

Date:5/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Stoelinga, M.T.
Title:A potential vorticity-based study of the role of diabatic heating and friction in a numerically simulated baroclinic cyclone.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 5, 849-874
Abstract:A particularly intense case of western Atlantic baroclinic cyclogenesis was investigated in this study. Specifically, the roles of latent heat of condensation and surface friction were examined from the potential vorticity or PV thinking perspective.
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Record ID:26/139

Date:5/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Rausch, R.L.M., P.J. Smith
Title:A diagnosis of a model-simulated explosively developing extratropical cyclone.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 5, 875-904
Abstract:This paper examines a simulation of the explosive dynamic phase of the ERICA IOP 4 extratropical cyclone case obtained from the 70-km Limited Area Mesoscale Prediction System.
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Record ID:26/140

Date:12/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:LaFore, J.-P., J.-L. Redelsperger, C. Cailly, E. Arbogast
Title:Nonhydrostatic simulation of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere. Part III: Thermal wind imbalance and rainbands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3467-3485
Abstract:The dynamical mechanisms contributing to the cross-front ageostrophic circulation are identified in high resolution (40 to 5 km) nonhydrostatic simulations of moist frontogenesis.
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Record ID:26/141

Date:03/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Balasubramanian, G., M.K. Yau
Title:Explosive marine cyclogenesis in a three-layer model with a representation of slantwise convection: A sensitivity study.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 5, 533-550
Abstract:A three-layer primitive equation model with a representation of slantwise convection is used to study explosive marine cyclogenesis.
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Record ID:26/142

Date:08/15/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Balasubramanian, G., M.K. Yau
Title:The effects of convection on a simulated marine cyclone.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 16, 2397-2417
Abstract:A hydrostatic, primitive equation model is used to simulate an oceanic cyclone with idealized initial conditions.
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Record ID:26/143

Date:04/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Balasubramanian, G., M.K. Yau
Title:Baroclinic instability in a two-layer model with parameterized slantwise convection.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 7, 971-990
Abstract:A two-layer primitive equation model with a parameterization for slantwise convection is used to study explosive cyclones.
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Record ID:26/144

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Geerts, B., P.V. Hobbs
Title:A squall-like narrow cold-frontal rainband diagnosed by combined thermodynamic and cloud microphysical retrieval.
Publication:Atmos. Res., 39, 287-311
Abstract:Doppler radar, airborne, and sounding data are used to describe the structure of an exceptionally vigorous narrow cold-frontal rainband (NCFR).
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Record ID:26/145

Date:06/01/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ralph, F.M.
Title:Observations of 250-km-wavelength clean-air eddies and 750-km-wavelength mesoscyclones associated with a synoptic-scale midlatitude cyclone
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 1199-1210
Abstract:Satellite images of a decaying synoptic-scale cyclone over the North Pacific reavel two distinct types of multiple mesoscale cyclonic disturbances.
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Record ID:26/146

Date:06/01/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Barth, M.C., D.B. Parsons
Title:Microphysical processes associated with intense frontal rainbands and the effect of evaporation and melting on frontal dynamics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1569-1586
Abstract:Previous studies have shown that a surface cold front often coincides with a heavy band of precipitation commonly designated as a narrow cold-frontal rainband.
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Record ID:26/147

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Browning, K.A., N.M. Roberts
Title:Structure of a frontal cyclone
Publication:Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 120, 1535-1557
Abstract:A diagnostic study of a mid-latitude cyclone has been carried out using routinely available numerical weather-prediction models products and imagery.
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Record ID:26/148

Date:07/01/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Steenburgh, W.J., C.F. Mass
Title:Interaction of an intense extratropical cyclone with coastal orography.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 7, 1329-1352
Abstract:Observational analyses and numerical simulations are used to investigate the interaction of an intense extratropical cyclone with the coastal orography of the Pacific Northwest.
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Record ID:26/149

Date:7/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:O'Handley, C., L.F. Bosart
Title:The impact of the Appalachian Mountians on cyclonic weather systems. Part I: Climatology.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 7, 1353-1373
Abstract:A climatological study of cold fronts and cyclones crossing the Appalachian Mountains from the west through northwest has been performed.
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Record ID:26/150

Date:7/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Kuo, Y.-H., R.J. Reed, Y. Liu
Title:The ERICA IOP 5 storm. Part III: Mesoscale cyclogenesis and precipitation parameterization.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 7, 1409-1434
Abstract:Modeling studies have consistently shown the importance of latent heat release in explosive marine cyclogenesis.
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Record ID:26/151

Date:8/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ruscher, P.H., T.P. Condo
Title:Development of a rapidly deepening extratropical cyclone over land. Part I: Kinematic aspects.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 8, 1609-1632
Abstract:The relatively rare case of an explosive land cyclone that occurred on 15-17 November 1989 over the United States and Canada is investigated to determine the physical mechanisms responsible for its development.
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Record ID:26/152

Date:8/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ruscher, P.H., T.P. Condo
Title:Development of a rapidly deepening extratropical cyclone over land. Part II: Thermodynamic aspects and the role of frontogenesis.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 8, 1633-1647
Abstract:The unusual case of a rapidly developing land cyclone that occurred on 15-17 November 1989 over the United States and Canada is investigated to determine the physical mechanisms responsible for its development. Hourly surface and 12-h upper-air data are analyzed for this storm for the 36-h period beginning on 0000 UTC 15 November.
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Record ID:26/153

Date:9/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bosart, L.F., G.J. Hakim, K.R. Tyle, M.A. Bedrick, W.E. Bracken, M.J. Dickinson, D.M. Schultz
Title:Large-scale antecedent conditions associated with the 12-14 March 1993 cyclone ('Superstorm '93') over Eastern North America.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 9, 1865-1891
Abstract:The results of a multiscale analysis of the 12-14 March 1993 superstorm (SS93) over eastern North America are presented.
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Record ID:26/154

Date:1/1/1997
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Schultz, D.M., W.E. Bracken, L.F. Bosart, G.J. Hakim, M.A. Bedrick, M.J. Dickenson, K.R. Tyle
Title:The 1993 superstorm cold surge: Frontal structure, gap flow and tropical impact.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1, 5-39
Abstract:In the wake of the eastern United States cyclone of 12-14 March 1993, a cold surge, originating over Alaska and western Canada brought northerlies exceeding 20 m s-1 and temperature decreases up to 15 C over 24 h into Mexico and Central America.
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Record ID:26/155

Date:12/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lackmann, G.M., L.F. Bosart, D. Keyser
Title:Planetary- and synoptic-scale characteristics of explosive wintertime cyclogenesis over the western north Pacific Ocean.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 12, 2672-2702
Abstract:The planetary- and synoptic-scale environment for explosive wintertime cyclogenesis over the western North Atlantic Ocean is documented using a series of 6-day composites based on a 12-season sample of 42 cyclones.
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Record ID:26/156

Date:12/1/1996
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Blier, W.
Title:A numerical modeling investigation of a case of polar airstream cyclogenesis over the Gulf of Alaska.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 12, 2703-2725
Abstract:The primary objectives of this study were 1) to test the ability of a high-resolution (40 km) limited-area model to successfully simulate a meso-a-scale case of polar airstream cyclogenesis, 2) to examine the effects of various physical conditions and dynamical processes on the storm development and, 3) to examine the evolving structure of the system.
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Record ID:26/157

Date:1/1/1997
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Schultz, D.M., W.E. Bracken, L.F. Bosart, G.J. Hakim, M.A. Bedrick, M.J. Dickinson, K.R. Tyle
Title:The 1993 superstorm cold surge: Frontal structure, gap flow, and tropical impact.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1, 5-39
Abstract:In the wake of the eastern United States cyclone of 12-14 March 1993, a cold surge, originating over Alaska and western Canada, brought northerlies exceeding 20 m/s-1 and temperature decreases up to 15 degrees C. over 24 h into Mexico and Central America.
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Record ID:26/158

Date:3/15/1997
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Szeto, K.K., R.E. Stewart
Title:Effects of melting on frontogenesis
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 6, 689-702
Abstract:Frontal precipitation systems are simulated with a 2D cloud model including ice phase microphysics.
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Record ID:26/159

Date:07/01/1994
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Martin, J.E., J.D. Locatelli, P.V. Hobbs
Title:A non-classical, synoptic-scale rainband in a winter cyclone in the central United States and its effect on the distribution of precipitation.
Publication:Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Life Cycles on Extratropical Cyclones, June 27-July 1, 1994, Bergen, Norway, 156-161
Abstract:The Central United States experiences a great variety of complex weather systems, both on the synoptic-scale and mesoscale.
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Record ID:26/160

Date:7/1/1997
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Katzfey, J.J., B.F. Ryan
Title:Modification of the thermodynamic structure of the lower troposphere by the evaporation of precipitation: A GEWEX cloud system study.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1431-1446
Abstract:The importance of subcloud evaporation to the thermodynamics and movement of cold fronts is investigated through inclusion of an explicit clod scheme within a 30-km resolution limited-area model.
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Record ID:26/161

Date:11/1/1997
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lackmann, G.M., D. Keyser, L.F. Bosart
Title:A characteristic life cycle of upper-tropospheric cyclogenetic precursors during the Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA).
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2729-2758
Abstract:This paper documents a characteristic life cycle of upper-tropospheric precursors to surface cyclogenesis observed during the field phase of ERICA, Dec. 1988 - Feb. 1989.
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Record ID:26/162

Date:11/1/1997
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Davis, C.A.
Title:Mesoscale anticyclonic circulations in the lee of the central Rocky Mountains.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2838-2855
Abstract:Composite analyses of terrain-forced, mesoscale anticyclonic circulations over southern Wyoming and northern Colorado are constructed.
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Record ID:26/163

Date:12/1/1997
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Braun, S.A., R.A. Houze Jr., B.F. Smull
Title:Airborne dual-Doppler observations of an intense frontal system approaching the Pacific Northwest coast.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 3131-3156
Abstract:Airborne Doppler radar data, collected off the Pacific Northwest coast by a NOAA WP-3D Orion aircraft over an 8-h period on 8 Dec. 1993 during the COAST experiment.
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Record ID:26/164

Date:02/01/1998
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Martin, J.E.
Title:The structure and evolution of a continental winter cyclone. Part I: Frontal structure and the occulsion process
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 303-328
Abstract:The frontal structure and occlusion process in a cyclone of moderate intensity that affected the central united States in January 1995 is examined.
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Record ID:26/165

Date:02/01/1998
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Martin, J.E.
Title:The structure and evolution of a continental winter cyclone. Part II: Frontal forcing of an extreme snow event
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 329-348
Abstract:The production of a narrow, heavy, occasionally conective snowband that fell within a modest surface cyclone on 19 January 1995 is examined using gridded model output from a successful numerical simulation
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Record ID:26/166

Date:7/1/1998
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Market, P.S., J.T. Moore
Title:Mesoscale evolution of a continental occluded cyclone
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1739-1811
Abstract:A diagnostic study of a continental occluding extratropical cyclone during 1-2 November 1992 is presented using initialization from the MAPS, a hybrid sigma-isentropic coordinate model.
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Record ID:26/167

Date:9/1/1998
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Miller, D.K., G.W. Petty
Title:Moisture patterns in deepening maritime extratropical cyclones. Part I: Correlation between precipitation and intensification.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2352-2368
Abstract:Coincident satellite passive microwave (SSM/I) observations and 48-h numcrical simulations of 23 intensifying extratropical cyclones located over the North Atlantic or North Pacific oceans during a single cold season are examined...
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Record ID:26/168

Date:9/1/1998
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ralph, F.M., L. Armi, J.M. Bane, C. Dorman, W.D. Neff, P.J. Neiman, W. Nuss, P.O.G. Persson
Title:Observations and analysis of the 10-11 June 1994 coastally trapped disturbance.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2435-2465
Abstract:A coastally trapped disturbance, characterized by southerly flow at the surface on 10-11 June 1994, was observed from the California Bight to Bodega bay during a field experiment along the California coast.
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Record ID:26/169

Date:10/1/1998
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Neiman, P.J., F.M. Ralph, M.A. Shapiro, B.F. Smull, D. Johnson
Title:An observational study of fronts and frontal mergers over the continental United States.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2521-2554
Abstract:The STORM-FEST field program was carried out over the central United States to investigate the structure and dynamics of fronts and their attendant precipitation systems adjacent to complex topography and to evaluate new observing networks and analysis techniques for mesoscale research and weather forecasting.
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Record ID:26/170

Date:11/01/1998
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Walthorn, K.D., P.J. Smith
Title:The dynamics of an eplosively developing cyclone simulated by a general circulation model
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2764-2781
Abstract:The synoptic structure and dynamics of an explosively developing winter extratropical cyclone simulated by NCAR's CCM2 general circulation model is examined and compared with cyclones that have developed explosively in nature.
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Record ID:26/171

Date:01/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Mathur, M.B., K.E. Brill, C.J. Seaman
Title:Evolution of slantwise vertical motions in NCEP's mesoscale Eta model
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 5-25
Abstract:Numerical forecasts from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction's meoscale version of the n coordinate-based model, hereafter referred to as MESO, have been analyzed to study the roles of conditional symmetric instability (CSI) and frontogenesis in in copious precipitation events.
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Record ID:26/172

Date:01/01/99
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Martin, J. E.
Title:Quasigeostrophic forcing of ascent in the occluded sector of cyclones and the trowal airstream
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 70-88
Abstract:A numerical model-based analysis of the quasigeostrophic forcing for ascent in the occuled quadrant of three cyclones is presented based uon a natural coordinate partitioning of the Q vector into its along-and across-isentrope components, Qs, and Qn, repspectively.
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Record ID:26/173

Date:02/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Koch, S. E.
Title:Comments on
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev, 127, 252-257
Abstract:In a recent paper, Chen et al. (1997, hereafter C97) presented a detailed mesoscale model simulation of the intense cold front event of 28 December 1988 in Maryland studied Koch and Kocin (1991, hereafter KK91).
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Record ID:26/174

Date:02/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Chen, C., C. Bishop
Title:Reply, Comments on
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp.258-263
Abstract:Koch, (1999) has pointed out several unrealistic aspectsl of the frontal simulations described in Chen et al. (1997). We thank Koch (1999) for highlighting these unrealistic aspects of our simulations.
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Record ID:26/175

Date:002/15/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Braun, S. A., R. Rotunno, J. B. Klemp
Title:Effects of coastal orography on landfalling cold fronts. Part I: Dry, inviscid dynamics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 517-533
Abstract:In this study, the interaction of cold fronts with idealized coastal terrain typical of the western United States and Canada is considered. Two issues are examined.
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Record ID:26/176

Date:02/15/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lin, Y-L., J. Han, D. W. Hamilton, C-Y. Huang
Title:Orographic influence on a drifting cyclone
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 534-562
Abstract:In this study, a primitive equation numerical model is adopted to investigate the orographic influence on a drifting cyclone over and idealized topography similar to that of Taiwan.
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Record ID:26/177

Date:05/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Brown, M.J., J.D. Locatelli, M.T. Stoelinga, P.V. Hobbs
Title:Numerical modeling of precipitation cores on cold fronts
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1175-1196
Abstract:A nonhydrostatic, three-dimensional, mesoscale model, including cloud physics, is used to simulate the structure of a narrow cold-frontal rainband (NCFR).
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Record ID:26/178

Date:05/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Carrera, M.L., J.R. Gyakum, D.-L. Zhang
Title:A numerical case study of secondary marine cyclogenesis sensitivity to initial error and varying physical processes.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 641-660
Abstract:Secondary cyclogenesis has been identified as a difficult forecast challenge. In this paper, the authors examine the dominant physical processes associated with the predictability of a case of explosive secondary marine cyclogenesis and provide a better understanding of the large variability in the recent model-intercomparison simulations of the case.
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Record ID:26/179

Date:05/15/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Szeto, K.K., A. Tremblay, H. Guan, D.R. Hudak, R.E. Stewart, Z. Cao
Title:The mesoscale dynamics of freezing rain storms over Eastern Canada
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 1261-1281
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:26/180

Date:07/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Colucci, S.J., D.P. Baumhefner, C.E. Konrad II
Title:Numerical prediction of a cold-air outbreak: A case study with ensmble forecasts
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1538-1550
Abstract:The forecastability of a cold-air outbreak over eastern North America during January 1985 has been studied with ensemble forecasts from the NCAR Community Climate Model version 2 run at T42 horizontal resolution.
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Record ID:26/181

Date:08/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Zhang, D.-L., E. Radeva, J. Gyakum
Title:A family of frontal cyclones over the Western Atlantic Ocean. Part I: A 60-h simulation
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1725-1744
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:26/182

Date:08/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Zhang, D.-L., E. Radeva, J. Gyakum
Title:A family of frontal cyclones over the Western Atlantic Ocean. Part II: Parameter studies
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1745-1760
Abstract:None.
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Record ID:26/183

Date:12/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lackmann, G. M., D. Keyser, L. F. Bosart
Title:Energetics of an intensifying jet streak during the experiment on rapidly intensifying cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA)
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 2777-2795
Abstract:A characteristic life cycle of upper-tropospheric cyclogenetic precursors involves the development of an elongated region of lower dynamic tropopause that forms in association with an intensifying midtropospheric jet/front.
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Record ID:26/184

Date:12/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Morgan, M. C.
Title:Using piecewise potential vorticity inversion to diagnose frontogenesis. Part I: A partitioning of the Q vector applied to diagnosing surface frontogenesis and vertical motion
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 2796-2821
Abstract:The technique of piecewise potential vorticity (PV) inversion is used to identify the nondivergent wind fields attributed to upper-, middle-, and lower-tropospheric PV anomalies in addition to the irrotational wind with the goal of diagnosing the respective wind fields' frontogenetic potentialities.
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Record ID:26/185

Date:08/01/1979
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Anthes, R.A., D. Keyser
Title:Tests of a fine-mesh model over Europe and the United States
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 963-984
Abstract:Thirty-two 24 h forecasts have been run over western Europe and the eastern United States using a six-layer, 60 km mesh primitive equation model.
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Record ID:26/186

Date:01/01/1982
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:DiMego, G.J., L.F. Bosart
Title:The transformation of tropical storm Agnes into an extratropical cyclone. Part II: Moisture, vorticity and kinetic energy budgets
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 412-433
Abstract:Moisture, vorticity and kinetic energy budgets are constructed to diagnose the transformation of tropical storm Agnes (june 1972) in an extratropical cyclone in this second of two papers on Agnes
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Record ID:26/187

Date:01/01/1982
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(70) Tropical Cyclones/Hurricanes
Author:DiMego, G.J., L.F. Bosart
Title:The transformaiton of tropical storm Agnes into an extra-tropical cyclone. Part I: The observed fields and vertical motion computations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 385-411
Abstract:This is the first of two paper dealing with the transformation of tropical storm Agnes (June 1972) into an extratropical cyclone
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Record ID:26/188

Date:07/01/1987
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:Stewart, R.E., P. King
Title:Freezing precipitation in winter storms
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1270-1279
Abstract:The mesoscale storm structure and the evolution of precipitation type are examined during freezing precipitation episodes over southern Ontario.
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Record ID:26/189

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bennetts, D.A., J.R. Grant, E. McCallum
Title:An introductory review of fronts. Part II: A case study
Publication:Meteor. Mag., 118, 8-12
Abstract:This paper, on frontal meteorology, is one of a series of teaching papers on mesoscale meteorology developed at the Meteorological Office College.
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Record ID:26/190

Date:01/01/1979
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bennetts, D.A., B.J. Hoskins
Title:Conditional symmetric instability--a possible explanation for frontal rainbands
Publication:Quart. J.R. Met. Soc., 105, 945-962
Abstract:In order to study the possible important of symmetric baroclinic instability in the formation of frontal rainbands, the existing theory is reviewed and the inclusion of the effects of latent heat release attempted.
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Record ID:26/191

Date:05/01/1973
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bosart, L.F., J.P. Cussen, Jr.
Title:Gravity wave phenomena accompanying east coast cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 101, 446-454
Abstract:A remarkable example of gravity wave propagation over the southeastenr United States on Dec. 3, 1968, is described.
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Record ID:26/192

Date:11/01/1984
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Bosart, L.F., S.C. Lin
Title:A diagnostic analysis of the Presidents' Day storm of February 1979
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 2148-2177
Abstract:A diagnostic analysis of the Presidents' Day storm of February 1979 is used to extend and quantify earlier findings of Bosart.
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Record ID:26/193

Date:02/01/1983
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Braham, R.R., Jr.
Title:The Midwest snow storm of 8-11 December 1977
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 253-272
Abstract:Conventional surface and upper-air aerological data are combined with radar and aircraft measurements to give a description of a mjaor winter storm that deposited over 69 cm of new snow at Muskegon, MI between 8 and 11 December 1977.
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Record ID:26/194

Date:08/01/1985
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Cho, H.R.
Title:Stochastic dynamics of preciption: An example
Publication:Water Resources Res., 21, 1225-1232
Abstract:An example is developed to illustrate how atmospheric dynamics may naturally lead to stochastic behavior in precipitation.
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Record ID:26/195

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Donaldson, N.R., R.E. Stewart
Title:On the precipitation regions within two storms affecting Atlantic Canada
Publication:Atmos.-Ocean, 27, 108-129
Abstract:Two storms that produced heavy precipitation during the Canadian Atlantic Storms Program (CASP) field project are examined.
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Record ID:26/196

Date:04/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Dorr, B.
Title:Bombs and ultrabombs. Exploring explosive ocean storms
Publication:Weatherwise, 76-83
Abstract:The Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA) was designed to determine the causes of the winter phenomenon of explosively developing ocean storms.
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Record ID:26/197

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Egger, J.
Title:Fohn and quasi-stationary fronts
Publication:Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., 62, 20-29
Abstract:The distortion of quasi-stationary fronts near mountains is studied for the case of southerly flow over an east-west oriented barrier.
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Record ID:26/198

Date:10/01/1983
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:On assessing local conditional symmetric instability from atmospheric soundings
Publication:Mon. Wea. REv., 111, 2016-2033
Abstract:The standard parcel method of assessing the susceptibility of the atmosphere to moist convection using tephigrams is extended to account for the centrifugal as well as the gravitation potential energy of the displaced air parcel.
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Record ID:26/199

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(54) Polar Low
(77) Arctic & Sea Ice
Author:Emanuel, K.A., R. Rotunno
Title:Polar lows at arctic hurricanes
Publication:Tellus, 41A, 1-17
Abstract:Satellite observations of the polar oceans have revealed the presence of small, intense vortices that often resemble hurricanes, having clear central eyes surrounded by deep convective clouds.
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Record ID:26/200

Date:03/01/1975
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Eom, J.K.
Title:Analysis of the internal gravity wave occurrence of 19 April 1970 in the Midwest
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 103, 217-226
Abstract:An analysis is made of high frequency fluctuation of surface pressure and wind with a period of 3-4 h observed in the midwestern United States in the early morning hours of 19 April 1970.
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Record ID:26/201

Date:06/01/1967
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ferguson, H.L.
Title:Mathematical and synoptic aspects of a small-scale wave disturbande over the lower Great Lakes area
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 6, 523-529
Abstract:A squall line which crossed the lower Great lakes area on 13 March 1963 is described.
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Record ID:26/202

Date:11/01/1979
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Grotjahn, R.
Title:Cyclone development along weak thermal fronts
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 2049-2074
Abstract:The properties of wavelike eddies imbedded in zonal flows containing vertical and horizontal shear are examined via an analytical mode of a midlatitude cyclone
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Record ID:26/203

Date:06/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Gyakum, J.R., J.R. Anderson, R.H. Grumm, E.L. Gruner
Title:North Pacific cold-season surface cyclone activity: 1975-1983
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1141-1155
Abstract:An eight year sample of cold-season (1 October through 31 March) extratropical cyclones in the Pacific Ocean basin is used to study central pressure changes and life cycle characteristics.
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Record ID:26/204

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Haderlein, K.
Title:On the dynamics of orographically retarded cold fronts
Publication:Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., 62, 11-19
Abstract:Cold fronts may be severely retarded when they cross a mountain ridge.
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Record ID:26/205

Date:11/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hadlock, R.K.
Title:ERICA workshop
Publication:Proc., ERICA Workshop, September 15-18, 1986, Drexel University.
Abstract:None - proceedings.
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Record ID:26/206

Date:01/01/1973
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Harrold, T.W.
Title:Mechanism influencing the distribution of precipitation within baroclinic disturbances
Publication:Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 99, 232-251
Abstract:An analysis of the flow within baroclinic disturbances over and near the British Isles in made assuming that the wet bulb potential temperature (theta_w) is a conserved property of the flow.
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Record ID:26/207

Date:03/01/1980
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Herzegh, P.H., P.V. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microsacle structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. II: Warm-frontal clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 597-611
Abstract:The air motions and growth of precipitation in warm-frontal clouds contianing mesoscale rainbands have been studies through Deoppler radar, aircraft, rawinsonde and surface measurements.
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Record ID:26/208

Date:08/01/1978
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Herzegh, P.H., P.V. Hobbs
Title:Generating cells and precipitation growth in mesoscale rainbands
Publication:Preprints, Conf. on Cloud Physics and Atmospheric Electricity, July 31-Aug. 4, 1978, Issaquah, WA, 284-291
Abstract:None
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Record ID:26/209

Date:02/01/1981
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hobbs, P.V.
Title:The Seattle Workshop on Extratropical Cyclones: A call for a National Cyclone Project
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 62, 244-254
Abstract:None
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Record ID:26/210

Date:08/01/1978
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hobbs, P.V.
Title:The University of Washington's cycles project: An overview
Publication:Preprints, Conf. on Cloud Physics and Atmospheric Electricity, July 31-August 4, 1978, Issaquah, WA, 271-276
Abstract:None
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Record ID:26/211

Date:01/01/1974
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hoskins, B.J.
Title:The role of potential vorticity in symmetric stability and instability
Publication:Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 480-482
Abstract:In the zonal flow of an inviscid, adiabatic atmosphere, instability to symmetric distrubances is possible only if the potential vorticity is negative.
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Record ID:26/212

Date:01/01/1972
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hoskins, B.J., F.P. Bretherton
Title:Atmospheric frontogenesis models: Mathematical formulation and solution
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 11-37
Abstract:The approximation of geostrophic balance across a front is studied.
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Record ID:26/213

Date:01/01/1984
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hoskins, B.J., E. Caetano Neto
Title:The formation of multiple fronts
Publication:Quart. J.R. Met. Soc., 110, 881-896
Abstract:Using two-dimensional semi-geostrophic frontogenesis models and three-dimensional semi-geostrphic baroclinic wave models, it is shown that amospheric development in the presence of non-uniformities in pre-existing temperature distributions may be expect to
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Record ID:26/214

Date:10/01/1976
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Houze, R.A., Jr., J.D. Locatelli, P.V. Hobbs
Title:Dynamics and cloud microphysics of the rainbands in an occulded frontal system
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1921-1936
Abstract:The dynamics and cloud microphysics of four rainbands in an occluded frontal system were examined.
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Record ID:26/215

Date:03/01/1980
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Houze, R.A., Jr., P.V. Hobbs, D.B. Parsons, P.H. Herzegh
Title:Reply
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 699-700
Abstract:None
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Record ID:26/216

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Kristjansson, J.E.
Title:Model simulations of an intense meso-beta scale cyclone. The role of condensation parameterization.
Publication:Tellus, 42A, 78-91
Abstract:On 23 July 1985, an unusual mesoscale storm struck the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden
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Record ID:26/217

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Mailhot, J., C. Chouinard, R. Benoit, M. Roch, G. Verner, J. Cote, J. Pudykiewicz, Canadian Meteorological Centre
Title:Numerical forecasting of winter coastal storms during CASP: Evaluation of the regional finite-element model
Publication:Atmos.-Ocean, 27, 27-58
Abstract:As part of the Canadian Atlantic Storms Project (CASP), a meso-alpha scale version of the regional finite-element model was set up for the short-term forecasting of East Coast storms duirng the CASP field phase.
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Record ID:26/218

Date:07/01/1978
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Matejka, T.J., R.A. Houze, Jr., P.V. Hobbs
Title:Microphysical and dynamical structure of mesoscale cloud features in extratropical cyclones
Publication:Preprints, Conf. on Cloud Physics and Atmospheric Electricity, July 31-Aug. 4, 1978, Issaquah WA, 292-299
Abstract:None
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Record ID:26/219

Date:08/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Pirnach, A.M.
Title:Numerical modeling of bands of clouds and precipitaiton at fronts
Publication:Soviet Met. Hydrol., 11-19
Abstract:Three-dimensional mathematical models are constructed which describe the rlationship of the dynamics and microstructure of frontal cloud systems.
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Record ID:26/220

Date:09/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reed, R.J., A.J. Simmons, M.D. Albright, P. Unden
Title:The role of latent heat release in explosive cyclogenesis: Three examples based on ECMWF operational forecasts
Publication:We. Forecasting, 3, 217-229
Abstract:Operational forecasts from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts of three cases of explosive cyclogenesis of large magnitude that occurred in the North Atlantic during a 1-233k period in January 1986 are presented.
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Record ID:26/221

Date:02/01/1980
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Robertson, F.R., P.J. Smith
Title:The kinematic energy budgets of two severe storm producing extratropical cyclones
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 127-143
Abstract:Eulerian kinetic energy budgets for the synoptic-scale flow over North America were computed for two cases of cyclone development associated with severe prefrontal convection.
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Record ID:26/222

Date:08/21/1984
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Rutledge, S.A., P.V. Hobbs
Title:Observational and numerical studies of cloud and precipitation processes in rainbands in extratropical cyclones
Publication:Proc, 9th International Cloud Physics Conf., Tallinn, Estonia, USSR, 21-28 Aug. 1984, 641-644
Abstract:None
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Record ID:26/223

Date:05/01/1983
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Rutledge, S.A., P.V. Hobbs
Title:The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. VIII: A model for the 'seeder-feeder' process in warm-frontal rainbands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1185-1206
Abstract:Previous field studies have indicated that warm-frontal rainbands form when ice particles from a 'seeder' cloud grow as they fall through a lower-level 'feeder' cloud.
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Record ID:26/224

Date:01/01/1999
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ryan, B.F., K.J. Wison, E.J. Zipser
Title:Modification of the thermodynamic structure of the lower troposphere by the evaporation of precipitation ahead of a cold front
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 138-153
Abstract:The evolution of an oceanic prefrontal subcloud layer of continental origin was examined by analyzing data gathered on the subsynoptic and mesoscale during Phase III of the Australian Cold Fronts Research Program.
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Record ID:26/225

Date:12/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Sakakibara, H., M. Ishihara, Z. Yanagisawa
Title:Squall line like convective snowbands over the Sea of Japan
Publication:J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 66, 937-853
Abstract:This paper describes the internal structure of two convective snowbands, deduced by using mainly single-Doppler radar data, which developed over the Sea of Japan in winter,
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Record ID:26/226

Date:01/01/1985
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Stewart, R.E.
Title:Precipitation types in winter storms
Publication:Pageoph., 123, 597-609
Abstract:The characteristics of and the evolution between snow, rain, ice pellets, and freezing rain are discussed.
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Record ID:26/227

Date:08/01/1987
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Stewart, R.E.
Title:Nowcasting rain/snow transitions and freezing rain
Publication:Proc. Symp. Mesoscale Analysis & Forecasting, Vancouver, Canada, 17-19 August 1987, 155-161
Abstract:Winter storms commonly produce rain, snow, freezing rain, and ice pellets in many countries around the world.
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Record ID:26/228

Date:01/01/1990
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Stewart, R.E., R.W. Crawford, N.R. Donaldson
Title:Precipitation characteristics within several Canadian East coast winter storms
Publication:Atmos. Res., 25, 293-316
Abstract:Precipitation frequently varies between snow, freezing rain, ice pellets and rain in Canadian East Coast winter storms.
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Record ID:26/229

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Stewart, R.E., N.R. Donaldson
Title:On the nature of rapidly deepening Canadian east cost winter storm
Publication:Atmos.-Ocean, 27, 87-107
Abstract:During the Canadian Atlantic Storms Program (CASP) field project from 15 January to 15 March 1986, seven storms underwent rapid deepening either within or adjacent to the observational network.
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Record ID:26/230

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Stewart, R.E., S.R. Macpherson
Title:Winter storm structure and melting-induced circulations
Publication:Atmos.-Ocean, 27, 5-23
Abstract:Extensive observations were made of a winter storm that corssed eastern Canada on 10-12 March 1986 during the Canadian Atlantic Storms Program (CASP) field project.
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Record ID:26/231

Date:09/01/1985
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Thorpe, A.J., K.A. Emanuel
Title:Frontogenesis in the presence of small stability to slantwise convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1809-1824
Abstract:It is often observed that, despite the existence of near neutrality to slantwise convection, rainbands and snowbands can persist for long period with narrow intense updrafts producing large quantities of precipitation in many cases.
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Record ID:26/232

Date:06/01/1985
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Uccellini, L.W., D. Keyser, K.F. Brill, C.H. Wash
Title:The Presidents' Day cyclone of 18-19 February 1979: Influence of upstream trough amplication and associated tropopause folding on rapid cyclogenesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 962-988
Abstract:A diagnostic analysis of an amplifying polar jet-trough system and associated tropopause fold which preceded the 19 February 1979 Presidents' Day cyclone is presented.
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Record ID:26/233

Date:01/01/1984
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Uccellini, L.W., P.J. Kocin, R.A. Petersen, C.H. Wash, K.F. Brill
Title:The Presidents' Day cyclone of 18-19 February 1979: Synoptic overview and analysis of the subtropical jet streak influencing the pre-cyclogentic period
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 31-55
Abstract:The Presidents' Day cyclone of 18-19 February 1979 was an intense and rapidly devleoping storm which produced heavy snowfall along the East coast of the United States.
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Record ID:26/234

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:van Delden, A.
Title:On the deepening and filling of balanced cyclones by diabatic heating
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 41, 127-145
Abstract:The results of computations of the radial circulation and associated surface pressure tendencies, needed to retain gradient wind balance in a model of an axisymmetric cyclose, due to the action of diabatic heating and boundary laye pumping, are presented.
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Record ID:26/235

Date:10/01/1962
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Wagner, A.J.
Title:Gravity wave over New England, April 12, 1961
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 431-436
Abstract:The movement of an unusually rapid rise in the atmospheric pressure approaching nearly 5 mb./hr. at its peak intensity is traced over the New England area using hourly surface data.
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Record ID:26/236

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Yau, M.K., M. Jean
Title:Synoptic aspects and physical processes in the rapidly intensifying cyclone of 6-8 March 1986
Publication:Atmos.-Ocean, 27, 59-86
Abstract:A synoptic analysis for the 6-8 March 1986 rapidly intensifying cyclone showed that strong vorticity and thermal advection were present during cyclogenesis and at the time of rapid development.
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Record ID:26/237

Date:01/01/1987
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Atlas, R.
Title:The role of oceanic fluxes and initial data in the numerical prediction of an intense coastal storm
Publication:Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 10, 359-388
Abstract:On 18-19 February 1979, an intense cyclone developed along the east coast of the United States and produced heavy snowfall accumulations from Virginia to southeast New York
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Record ID:26/238

Date:05/01/1988
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(48) Monsoon
Author:Reyes, S., D.L. Cadet
Title:The southwest branch of the North American monsoon during summer 1979.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1175-1187
Abstract:The physical characteristics of the southwest branch of the North American monsoon system during the summer of 1979 are studied with the FGGE dataset.
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Record ID:26/239

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hale, R.
Title:Mass and angular momentum diagnostics of the intense Ohio Valley extratropical cyclone of 25-27 January 1978
Publication:M.S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 96 pp.
Abstract:The explosive development of the so-called Ohio blizzard extratropical cyclone of 25-26 January 1978 is investigated using a quasi-Lagrangian diagnostic approach.
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Record ID:26/240

Date:01/01/1986
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Hill, D.K.
Title:Quasi-Lagrangian mass and angular momentum diagnostics of the ALPEX lee cyclone of 4-6 March, 1982
Publication:M.S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 93 pp
Abstract:The development of the Mediterranean cyclone of 4-6 March, 1982 which occurred during the Aplin Experiment (ALPEX) is analyzed using isobaric and isentropic quasi-Lagrangian diagnostics.
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Record ID:26/241

Date:01/01/1976
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Johnson, D.R., W.K. Downey
Title:The absolute angular momentum budget of an extratropical cyclone: Quasi-Lagrangian diagnostics 3
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 3-14
Abstract:The transport and budget formulations developed for a translating system are used to study the mass and absolute angular momentum budgets of a Midwest cyclone.
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Record ID:26/242

Date:01/01/1987
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Johnson, D.R., D.K. Hill
Title:Quasi-Lagrangian diagnostics of a Mediterranean cyclone: Isentropic results
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 36, 118-140
Abstract:The development of the Mediterranean cyclone of 4-6 March 1982 that occurred during the Alpine Experiment (ALPEX) is studied through use of isentropic quasi-Lagrangian diagnostics.
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Record ID:26/243

Date:09/01/1979
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Lin, S.C., P.J. Smith
Title:Diabatic heating and generation of available potential energy in a tornado-producing extratropical cyclone
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1169-1183
Abstract:Diabatic heating by latent heat release and longwave radiation and corresponding generation of available potential energy have been computed for a tornado-producing cyclone system.
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Record ID:26/244

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Marecal, V., Y. Lemaitre
Title:Importance of microphysical processes in the dynamics of a CSI mesoscale frontal cloud band
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 121, 301-318
Abstract:Microphysical processes in a cloud band observed during the MFDP/FRONTS 87 experiment are studied.
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Record ID:26/245

Date:01/01/1992
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Mecikalski, J.R., J.S. Tilley
Title:Cold surges along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains: Development of a classification scheme
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 48, 249-271
Abstract:A classification scheme for cold surges occurring along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains has been devleoped using NMC surface and upper air data.
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Record ID:26/246

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reuter, G.W., C.D. Nguyen
Title:Organization of cloud and precipitation in an Alberta storm
Publication:Atmos. Res., 30, 127-141
Abstract:On 16-18 July 1986, a cold core low pressure system developed over central Alberta that produced heavy rainfall.
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Record ID:26/247

Date:02/01/1993
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Reuter, G.W., M.K. Yau
Title:Assessment of slantwise convection in ERICA cyclones
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 375-386
Abstract:Atmospheric stability properties for cumulus and slantwise convection in oceanic midlatitude cyclones are analyzed using dropsonde observations from the Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones over the Atlantic (ERICA).
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Record ID:26/248

Date:10/01/1987
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Saitoh, S., H. Tanaka
Title:Numerical experiments of conditional symmetric baroclinic instability as a possible cause for frontal rainband formation. Part I. A basic experiment
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 65, 675-708
Abstract:A numerical experiment of conditional symmetric baroclinic instability (CSBI) is carried out including Kessler's parameterization, in order to show a possible mechanism for formation of meso-beta-scale rainbands associated with extratropical cyclones and Baiu front.
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Record ID:26/249

Date:01/01/1986
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Schneider, R.
Title:Quasi-Lagrangian diagnostics of the 9-14 April 1979 Great Plains extratropical cyclone and subsynoptic scales
Publication:M.S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 152 pp
Abstract:Important exchanges of energy and momentum fundamental to the general circulation of the atmosphere occur within extratropical cyclones.
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Record ID:26/250

Date:08/01/1980
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Shaprio, M.A., D. Keyser
Title:Fronts, jet streams, and the tropopause
Publication:NOAA Technical Memo. ERL WPL-182, Wave Propagation Lab, Boudler, CO, 75 pp
Abstract:This report reviews past and present interpretations that have arisen regarding the structure and governing dynamics of fronts.
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Record ID:26/251

Date:01/01/1991
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Shay-el, Y., P. Alpert
Title:A diagnostic study of winter diabatic heating in the Mediterranean in relation to cyclones
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 117, 715-747
Abstract:Diabatic heating and net condensation rates during winter are calculated over the Mediterranean and surrounding areas from the 1982-88 ECMWF initialized analyses using the residual method for the heat and moisture budgets.
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Record ID:26/252

Date:01/01/1980
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Smith, P.J.
Title:The energetics of extratropical cyclones
Publication:Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 18, 378-386
Abstract:The use of energetics analyses in studies of extratropical cyclones has received incrasing attention over the past 15 years.
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Record ID:26/253

Date:01/01/1986
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Smith, P.J., P.M. Dare
Title:The kinetic and available potential energy budget of a winter extratropical cyclone system
Publication:Tellus, 38A, 49-59
Abstract:The energy budget of an extratropical cyclone system which traversed North American and intensified through the period 9-11 January 1975 is presented.
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Record ID:26/254

Date:10/01/1982
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Whittaker, L.M., L. H. Horn
Title:Atlas of Northern hemisphere extratropical cyclone activity, 1985-1977
Publication:Dept. of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 65 pp.
Abstract:None
Location:1
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Record ID:26/255

Date:04/04/2000
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Sinclair, M.R., M.J. Revell
Title:Classification and composite diagnosis of extratropical cyclogenesis events in the southwest pacific
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1089-1105
Abstract:Characteristic patterns of cyclogenesis in the southwest pacific region are identified from a sample of 40 developing cyclones during 1990-94.
Location:Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:26/256

Date:9/9/2000
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Ryan, B.F., J.J. Katzfey, D.J. Abbs. C.Jakob, U. Lohmann, B. Rockel, L.D. Rotstayn, R.E. Stwart, K.K. Szeto, G. Tselioudis, M.K. Yau
Title:Simulations of a cold front by cloud-reslving, limited-area, and large-scale models, and a model ealuation using in situ and satellite observations
Publication:MWR, 128, 3218-3235
Abstract:The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment has identified the poor representation of clouds in atmospheric general circulation models as one of the major impediments for the use of these models in reliably predicting future climate change.
Location:Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:26/257

Date:10/15/1985
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Seltzer, M.A. R.E. Passarelli, K.A. Emanuel
Title:The possible role of symmetric instability in the formation of precipitation bands
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2207-2219
Abstract:Fifteen cases of banded and nonbanded precipitaiton not associated with surface frontal regions are presented.
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Record ID:26/258

Date:12/15/2002
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(66) Stratiform/Stratocu Clouds
Author:Stevens, B., W.R. Cotton, G. Feingold, C. Moeng
Title:Large-Eddy Simulations of a Strongly Precipitating Shallow Stratocumulus Topped Boundary Layers
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3616-3638
Abstract:Large-eddy simulations that incorporate a size-resloving representation of cloud water are used to study the effect of heavy drizzle on PBL structure.
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Record ID:26/259

Date:1/1/1986
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Pierrehumbert, R.T.
Title:Lee cyclongenesis
Publication:Mesoscale Meteorology & Forecasting, P. Ray, Ed., AMS.
Abstract:None - Chapter 21 of book
Location:2
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Record ID:26/260

Date:01/01/2004
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Browning, K.A.
Title:The sting at the end of the tail: Damaging winds associated with extratropical cyclones
Publication:Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 130, 375-399.
Abstract:Strong surface winds often accompany the low-level jets that occur along the cold fronts of extratropical cyclones.
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Record ID:26/261

Date:10/01/2005
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:Evans, A.G., J.D. Locatelli, M.T. Stoelinga, P.V. Hobbs
Title:The IMPROVE-1 Storm of 1-2 February 2001. Part II: Cloud structures and the growth of precipitatio:
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 3456-3473.
Abstract:On 1-2 February 2001, a strong cyclonic storm system developed over the northeastern pacific Ocean and move onto the Washington coast.
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Record ID:26/262

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Grim, Joseph A., Robert M. Rauber, Mohan K. Ramamurthy, Brian F. Jewett, Mei Han
Title:High-Resolution Observations of the Trowal–Warm-Frontal Region of Two Continental Winter Cyclones
Publication:Monthly Weather Review, 135, 1629-1646.
Abstract:This paper compares the structure of the trough of warm air aloft (trowal)–warm-frontal region of two continental wintertime cyclones. The cyclones were observed over the central Great Lakes region during the Lake-Induced Convection Experiment/Snowband Dynamics Project field campaign.
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Record ID:26/263

Date:05/01/2007
Subject:(26) Extra Tropical Cyclones
Author:Han, Mei, Robert M. Rauber, Mohan K. Ramamurthy, Brian F. Jewett, Joseph A. Grim
Title:Mesoscale Dynamics of the Trowal and Warm-Frontal Regions of Two Continental Winter Cyclones
Publication:Monthly Weather Review, 135, 1647-1670.
Abstract:The dynamic and thermodynamic structure and associated frontal circulations within the trowal and warm-frontal regions of two extratropical winter cyclones are examined using numerical simulations.
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Record ID:26/264

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