Date:00/00/1994
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Westcott, N.E.
Title:Merging of convective clouds: Cloud initation, bridging, and subsequent growth
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 780-790
Abstract:This study examines the growth of radar echoes from the time of their initiation to several minutes after they have merged to ascertain what factors are important in determining the frequency of merging events, the manner in which echo cores join together, and the effect of merging on subsequent echo core growth. Three-dimensional radar reflectivity data were examined for two convective periods
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Record ID:21/1

Date:03/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(15) Cloud Venting
Author:Xu, K.-M.
Title:Patitioning mass, heat, and moisture budgets of explicitly simulated cumulus ensembles into convective and stratiform components
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 551-573
Abstract:Simulated data from the UCLA Cumulus Ensemble Model (CEM) are analyzed to partition mass, heat, and moisture budgets of cumulus ensembles into convective and stratiform components. A method based primarily on the horizontal distribution of maximum cloud draft strength below the melting level in a CEM grid column has been developed for this analysis.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/2

Date:07/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Yuter, S.E., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Three-dimensional and microphysical evolution of Florida cumulonimbus. Part I: Spatial distribution of updrafts, downdrafts, and
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1921-1940
Abstract:This paper is the first in a three-part study that examines the kinematic and microphysical evolution of Florida cumulonimbus and focuses on the convective-to-stratiform transition of the storm.
Location:8
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Record ID:21/3

Date:07/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Yuter, S.E., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Three-dimensional kinematic and microphysical evolution of Florida cumulonimubs. Part II: Frequency distributions of vertical velocity, reflectivity, and differential reflectivity
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1941-1963
Abstract:High-resolution radar data collected in Florida during the Convection and Precipitation/Electrification Experiment are used to elucidate the microphysical and kinematic processes occurring during the transition of a multicellular storm from convective to stratiform stages.
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Record ID:21/4

Date:07/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Yuter, S.E., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:Three-dimensional kineamtic and microphysical evolution of Florida cumulonimbus. Part III: Vertical mass transport, mass divergence, and synthesis
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1964-1983
Abstract:A statistical technique is employed to examine the evolving properties of the ensemble small-scale variability of high-resolution radar data collected in a multicellular Florida thunderstorm. This paper examine vertical mass transport and mass divergence and synthesizes these observations with results from the first two parts of the study...
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Record ID:21/5

Date:09/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Barnes, G.M.
Title:Updraft evolution: A perspective from cloud base
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2693-2715
Abstract:A Queen Air, instrumented to make 1-Hz measurements of the kinematic, dynamic and theormodynamics fiels, and radar, mesonet, and soundings from the Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment 1981 is
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Record ID:21/6

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Grabowski, W.W.
Title:Entrainment and mixing in buoyancy-reversing convection with applications to cloud-top entrainment instability
Publication:Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 231-253
Abstract:A consensus seems to exist throughout the cloud-physics community that buoyancy reversal associated with evaporative cooling affects not only the global (cloud-scale) dynamics of a convective cloud, but also the rate of mixing between the cloud and its environment. The latter effect is associated with the concept of the so-called `cloud-top entrainment instability' (CTEI), which assumes a positive feedback between buoyancy reversal and the rate of entrainment.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/7

Date:01/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Raymond, D.J., S.A. Lewis
Title:Rotating convective disturbances in the trades
Publication:Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 271-299
Abstract:Observations of rotating convective disturbances in the trade-wind region just east of Hawaii are presented. Rotation results from stretching of vertical ambient vorticity in the convective regions. Surface friction is shown to play a significant dissipative role in these disturbances. Ekman pumping associated with the rotation is probably only of secondary importance.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/8

Date:07/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Smith, S.A., P.R. Jonas
Title:Observations of the turbulent fluxes in fields of cumulus clouds
Publication:Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 1185-1208
Abstract:Aircraft observations in fields of small maritime cumulus clouds around the British Isles have been analysed to yeild kinetic energy spectra and vertical turbulent fluxes, both within clouds and in the clear regions between clouds, for five cases where a cool airmass flowed over a warmer sea surface. The flights were made at various times of the year.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/9

Date:09/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Renno, N.O., E.R. Williams
Title:Quasi-Lagrangian measurements in convective boundary layer plumes and their implications for the calculation of CAPE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2733-2742
Abstract:Measurements were made to determine the level of origin of air parcels participating in natural convection.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/10

Date:1/1/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Perry, K.D., P. V. Hobbs
Title:Influences of isolated cumulus clouds on the humidity of their surroundings.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1, 159-174
Abstract:Measurements are described of the distributions of humidity in the clear air surrounding small to medium sized, isolated cumulus clouds.
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Record ID:21/11

Date:10/01/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Clark, T.L., T. Hauf, J.P. Kuettner
Title:Convectively forced internal gravity waves: Results from two-dimensional numerical experiments.
Publication:Quart. J. Royal Met. Soc., 112, 474, 899-925
Abstract:Two-dimensional numerical simulations were performed to investigate the nature of tropospheric internal gravity waves of the type which are observed to occur above active thermal convection over an unstable boundary layer.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/12

Date:01/01/1987
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Kuettner, J.P., P.A. Hildebrand, T.L. Clark
Title:Convection waves: Observations of gravity wave systems over convectively active boundary layers.
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 113, 445-467
Abstract:Widespread gravity wave systems have been found to exist over convectively active boundary layers (CBLs) in the presence of vertical wind shear. In contrast to mountain waves, these convective waves occur over flat terrain and are ubiquitous over fields of shallow fair weather cumuli or clear air thermals.
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Record ID:21/13

Date:08/01/1992
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(66) Stratiform/Stratocu Clouds
Author:Stith, J.L.
Title:Observations of cloud-top entrainment in cumuli
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 15, 1334-1347
Abstract:Sulfur hexaflouride tracer gas was released during single aircraft passes just above growing convective turrets to study its entrainment into the clouds as they grew through the release altitude. The tracer was sampled in situ from a second research aircraft that carried a real-time sulfur hexaflouride analyzer.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/14

Date:7/15/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(66) Stratiform/Stratocu Clouds
Author:Bretherton, C.S.
Title:Understanding Albrecht's model of trade cumulus cloud fields
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 14, 2264-2283
Abstract:Using Albrecht's model, approximate analytical formulas are found for the dependence of the steady-state mean thermodynamic structure of a partly cloudy convective marine boundary layer on expernal parameters.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/15

Date:3/15/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Bretherton, C.S., P.K. Smolarkeiwicz
Title:Gravity waves, compensating subsidence and detrainment around cumulus clouds.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 6, 740-759
Abstract:Gravity waves play an important role in the redistribution of heat and moisture in a deep convecting cloud field. We explore this role in a two-dimensional numerical experiment on a simple moist convecting system consisting of an isolated long-lasting nonprecipitating cloud in a calm atmosphere with no surface forcing.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/16

Date:01/01/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Taylor, G.R., M.B. Baker
Title:Entrainment and detrainment in cumulus clouds.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1, 112-121
Abstract:Vertical redistribution of air and its properties inside convective clouds can be studied by standard thermodynamic analyses (Paluch and saturation point diagrams) if the clouds are nonprecipitating and ice free.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/17

Date:04/01/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Blyth, A.M.
Title:Entrainment in cumulus clouds.
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 32, 626-641
Abstract:Entrainment of dry air into cumulus clouds influences the development of the clouds in a major way. We examine the many aspects of the entrainment process in this paper by critically reviewing the literature from the time investigations began.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/18

Date:06/01/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Paluch, I.R., C.A. Knight, L.J. Miller
Title:Cloud liquid water and radar reflectivity of nonprecipitating cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1587-1603
Abstract:Measurements of cloud droplet size spectra from a forward scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP) in developing cumulus show an excellent correlation between the calculated radar reflectivity factor and cloud liquid water content at constant altitude,
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Record ID:21/19

Date:7/1/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(59) Radar Meteorology
Author:Grinnell, S.A., C.S. Bretherton, D.E. Stevens, A.M. Fraser
Title:Vertical mass flux calculations in Hawaiian trade cumulus clouds from dual-Doppler radar.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 13, 1870-1886
Abstract:Two ground-based Doppler radars and an instrumental aircraft provided a means for computing the vertical mass flux in trade wind cumulus clouds that formed east of the island of Hawaii during the Hawaiian Rainband Project of 1990.
Location:6
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Record ID:21/20

Date:8/1/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Crook, N.A.
Title:Sensitivity of moist convection forced by boundary layer processes to low-level thermodynamic fields.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 8, 1767-1785
Abstract:The sensitivity of moist convection to a number of low-level thermodynamic parameters is examined with a high-resolution, nonhydrostatic numerical model.
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Record ID:21/21

Date:07/01/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Grabowski, W., M.W. Moncrieff, J.T. Kiehl
Title:Long-term behavior of precipitating tropical cloud systems: A numerical study.
Publication:Q.J. Royal Met. Soc., 122, A, 533, 1019-1042
Abstract:Results of a 24-day, two-dimensional integration of tropical cloud systems forced by large-scale ascent, surface fluxes and radiation in a typical sheared tropical environment are presented.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/22

Date:01/01/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Guichard, F., J.-L. Redelsperger, J.-P. LaFore
Title:The behavior of a cloud ensemble in response to external forcing.
Publication:Q.J. Royal Met. Soc., 122, 1043-1073
Abstract:The behavior of a population of tropical moderate precipitating clouds is investigated with a cloud-resolving model over a period equivalent to 2-3 days.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/23

Date:8/15/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Siebesma, A.P., A.A.M. Holtslag
Title:Model impacts of entrainment and detrainment rates in shallow cumulus convection.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2354-2364
Abstract:A mass flux parameterization scheme for shallow cumulus convection is evaluated for a case based on observations and large eddy simulation results for the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/24

Date:04/01/1997
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:Weisman, M.L., W.C. Skamrock, J.B. Klemp
Title:The resolution dependence of explicitly modeled convective systems.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 4, 527-548
Abstract:The representation of convective processes within mesoscale models with horizontal grid sizes smaller than 20 km has become a major concern for the simulation of mesoscale weather systems.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/25

Date:4/15/1997
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Lin, C., A. Arakawa
Title:The macroscopic entrainment processes of simulated cumulus ensemble. Part I: Entrainment sources.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 8, 1027-1043
Abstract:Parameterization of cumulus convection requires a model that describes the statistical properties of a cumulus ensemble under given large-scale conditions.
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Record ID:21/26

Date:4/15/1997
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Lin, C., A. Arakawa
Title:The macroscopic entrainment processes of simulated cumulus ensemble. Part II: Testing the entraining-plume model.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 8, 1044-1053
Abstract:According to Part I of this paper, it seems that ignoring the contribution from descendent cloud air in a cloud model for cumulus parameterization, such as the spectral cumulus ensemble model in the Arakawa-Schubert parmmeterization, is an acceptable simplification for tropical deep convection.
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Record ID:21/27

Date:01/01/1992
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Farley, R.D., S. Wang, H.D. Orville
Title:A comparison of 3D model results with observations for an isolated CCOPE thunderstorm
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 49, 187-207
Abstract:This paper is concerned with the simulation of deep convection for the CCOPE 19 July 1981 case study
Location:5
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Record ID:21/28

Date:01/01/1994
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:Detwiler, A.G., P.L. Smith, J.L. Stith, D.A. Burrows
Title:Ice-producing processes in a North Dakota cumulus cloud
Publication:Atmos. Res., 31, 109-122
Abstract:The early development of ice particles in a convective cloud is monitored using radar and instrumented aircraft.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/29

Date:04/01/1997
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Kuwagata, T.
Title:An analysis of summer rain showers over central Japan and its relation with the thermally induced circulation
Publication:J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 75, 513-527
Abstract:The summer rain shower which develop in central Japan under otherwise fair-weather conditions during the summer of 1985 were investigated, making use of routine observational data from weather stations
Location:5
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Record ID:21/30

Date:7/1/1997
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Wilson, J.W., D.L. Megenhardt
Title:Thunderstorm initiation, organization, and lifetime associated with Florida boundary layer convergence lines.
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1507-1525
Abstract:The initiation, organization, and longevity of thunderstorms associated with boundary layer convergence lines in the Cape Canaveral, Florida, vicinity are examined using data from the CaPE experiment.
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Record ID:21/31

Date:12/1/1997
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Krueger, S.K., C.-W. Su, P.A. McMurtry
Title:Modeling entrainment and finescale mixing in cumulus clouds.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2698-2712
Abstract:A model used to study entrainment and mixing of thermodynamic properties in the stratus-topped boundary layer has been extended to represent these processes in cumulus clouds.
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Record ID:21/32

Date:3/15/1998
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Gutowski Jr., W.J., W. Jiang
Title:Surface-flux regulation of the coupling between cumulus convection and baroclinic waves.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 940-953
Abstract:The authors examine the role of convection in the dynamics of eddy life cycles through numerical experiments using initial states that are baroclinically and conditionally unstable in midlatitudes.
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Record ID:21/33

Date:4/1/1998
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(74) Land Surface - Soil/Vegetation/Snow
Author:Lynn, B.H. W.-K. Tao, P.J. Wetzel
Title:A study of landscape-generated deep moist convection
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 928-942
Abstract:A 2D version of a cloud-resolving model was used to study the generation of deep moist convection over heterogeneous landscapes.
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Record ID:21/34

Date:05/15/1998
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Lin, Y.L., R.L. Deal, M.S. Kulie
Title:Mechanisms of cell regeneration, development, and propagation within a two-dimensional multicell storm
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1867-1886
Abstract:In this study, mechanisms of cell regeneration, development, and propagation with a two-dimensional multicell storm are investigated using a numerical cloud model.
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Record ID:21/35

Date:11/15/1998
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Blyth, A.M., D.J. Raymond
Title:Buoyancy of convective clouds in TOGA COARE
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3381-3391
Abstract:The buoyancy of convective clouds in TOGA COARE was calculated from the NCAR Electra in situ measurements of temperature, humidity, liquid water content, and two-dimensional images of raindrops
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Record ID:21/36

Date:06/01/1999
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:May, P.T., D.K. Rajopadhyaya
Title:Vertical velocity characteristics of deep convection over Darwin, Australia
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 1056-1071
Abstract:Continuous vertical velocity measurements using a 50-Mhz wind profiler located at Darwin in northern Australia during periods of active convection have been analyzed. This dataset is dominated by continental-type convection.
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Record ID:21/37

Date:12/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Carpenter, R.L., Jr., K.K. Droegemeier, A.M. Blyth
Title:Entraiment and detrainment in numerically simulated comulus congestus clouds. Part I: General results
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3417-3432
Abstract:This paper is the first in a three-part series in which a three-dimensional numerical model is run at high resolution to simulate cumulus congestus clouds in three dimensions with the principal goal of understand the mechanisms associated with entrainment and detrainment.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/38

Date:12/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Carpenter, R.L., Jr., K.K. Droegemeier, A.M. Blyth
Title:Entrainment and detrainment in numerically simulated cumulus congestus clouds. Part II: Cloud budgets
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3433-3439
Abstract:This paper is the second in a three-part series in which a three-dimensional numerical cloud model is used to simulate cumulus congestus clouds at high resolution in an effort to better understand the mchanisms associated with entraiment and detrainment.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/39

Date:12/01/1998
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Carpenter, R.L, Jr., K.K. Droegemeier, A.M. Blyth
Title:Entrainment and detrainment in numerically simulated cumulus congestus clouds. Part III: Parcel analysis
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3440-3455
Abstract:This paper is the third in a three-part series in which a three-dimensional numerical cloud model is used to simulate cumulus congestus clouds.
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Record ID:21/40

Date:09/01/1999
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Tao, W.K. J. Simpson, C.-H. Sui, C.-L. Shie, B. Zhou, K. M. Lau, M. Moncrieff
Title:Equilibrium states simulated by cloud-resolving models
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 3128-3139
Abstract:Recently, several cloud-resolving models (CRMs) were used to study the tropical water and energy cycles and their role in the climate system. They typically run for several weeks until modeled temperature and water vapor fields reach a quasi-equilibrium state.
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Record ID:21/41

Date:08/01/1999
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Johnson, R.H., T.M. Rickenbach, S.A. Rutledge, P.E. Ciesielski, W.H. Schubert
Title:Trimodal characteristics of tropical convection
Publication:J. Climate, 12, 2397-2418
Abstract:It has long been know that trade wind cumulus and deep cumulonimbus represent primary components of the broad spectrum of cumulus clouds in the Tropica, which has led to the concept of a bimodal distribution of tropical clouds. However, recent analyses of shipboard radar data from Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) provide evidence of abundant populations of a third cloud type, cumulus congestus.
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Record ID:21/42

Date:11/01/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(66) Stratiform/Stratocu Clouds
Author:Hudson, J.G., C.F. Rogers
Title:Relationship between critical supersaturation and cloud droplet size: Implications for cloud mixing processes
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2341-2359
Abstract:Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) measurements within stratus clouds that have involved droplet separation have revealed a clear preference for
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Record ID:21/43

Date:08/01/1977
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Warner, J.
Title:Time variation of updraft and water content in small cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1306-1312
Abstract:Observations in small cumuli of depth 1.5-2 km indicate that at any given height above cloud base the average turbulent velocity and liquid water content remain more or less constant for periods of up to 20 min or so during the central part of the cloud lifetime. A region can often be identified near the upshear side of the cloud in
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Record ID:21/44

Date:12/01/1976
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Betts, A.K.
Title:Modeling subcloud layer structure and interaction with a shallow cumulus layer
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 2363-2382
Abstract:This paper couples a mixed subcloud layer model developed by several authors with the cumulus flux parameterization proposed by Betts (1975).
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Record ID:21/45

Date:11/01/1970
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Cotton, W.R.
Title:A numerical simulation of precipitation development in supercooled cumuli
Publication:Report No. 17, Penn State U., Dept. of Meteorology, University Park, PA, 178 pp
Abstract:A numerical model of supercooled cumuli is developed and discussed.
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Record ID:21/46

Date:10/01/1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fernandez, W., A.J. Thorpe
Title:An evaluation of theories of storm motion using observations of tropical convective systems
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1306-1319
Abstract:Raymond's (1975) wave-CISK model is applied to several convective storm observed in Venezuela, the eastern Atlantic and West Africa to predict their propagation velocity.
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Record ID:21/47

Date:09/01/1977
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Gray, W.M., R.W. Jacobson, Jr.
Title:Diurnal variation of deep cumulus convection
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 1171-1188
Abstract:This paper presents observational evidence in support of the existence of a large diurnal cycle (one daily maximum and one daily minimum) of oceanic, tropical, deep cumulus convection.
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Record ID:21/48

Date:04/01/1974
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Hill, G.E.
Title:Factors controlling the size and spacing of cumulus clouds as revealed by numerical experiments
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 646-673
Abstract:Factors controlling the size and spacing of cumulus clouds are determined by the numerical integration of a compressible set of hydrodynamic equations for an atmosphere with saturation processes and cloud microphysics included.
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Record ID:21/49

Date:12/01/1977
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Hill, G.E.
Title:Initiation mechanisms and development of cumulus convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1934-1941
Abstract:Two cases of deep convection are numerically simulated in a two-dimensional time-dependent model and compared with observations.
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Record ID:21/50

Date:03/01/1973
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Holton, J.R.,
Title:A one-dimensional cumulus model including pressure perturbations
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 101, 201-205
Abstract:A model for shallow cumulus convection is formulated in which the vertical momentum equation and horizontal divergence equation are combined to produce a diagnostic equation for the perturbation pressure field.
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Record ID:21/51

Date:07/01/1953
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Ludlam, F.H., R.S. Scorer
Title:Reviews of modern meteorology--10. Convection in the atmosphere
Publication:Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 79, 317-341
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/52

Date:08/01/1955
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Malkus, J.S.
Title:On the formation and structure of downdrafts in cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Meteorol., 12, 350-354
Abstract:With use of the model of the steady-state entraining cumulus draft, it is possible to describe the formation and structure of the downdraft observed at the down-shear edge of an oceanic trade-cumulus cloud.
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Record ID:21/53

Date:08/01/1955
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Malkus, J.S.
Title:On the formation and structure of downdrafts in cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Meteorol., 12, 350-354
Abstract:With use of the model of the steady-state entraining cumulus draft, it is possible to describe the formation and structure of the downdraft observed at the down-shear edge of an oceanic trade-cumulus cloud.
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Record ID:21/54

Date:10/01/1953
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Malkus, J.S.
Title:Aeroplane studies of trade-wind meteorology
Publication:Weather, VIII, 291-300
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/55

Date:0801/1956
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Malkus, J.S.
Title:On the maintenance of the trade winds
Publication:Tellus, 8, 335-350
Abstract:A relation between the large-scale features of the lower trade stream and the effects of small-scale convective motions is investigated.
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Record ID:21/56

Date:01/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Manton, M.J.
Title:On the modelling of mixed layers and entrainment in cumulus cloud
Publication:Boundary-layer Met., 19, 337-358
Abstract:A boundary-layer model, which incorporates an eddy diffusivity for turbulent transports, is presented.
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Record ID:21/57

Date:01/01/1967
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Browning, K.A., W.T. Roach
Title:Comments on C.W. Newton's 'Circulations in large-sheared cumulonimbus'
Publication:Tellus, XIX, 643-644
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/58

Date:08/01/1968
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Ogura, Y., H. Kondo
Title:Comments on Preferred size of steady cumulus convection cell
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japn, 46, 324-325
Abstract:None. Other related articles attached.
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Record ID:21/59

Date:06/01/1967
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Orville, H.D.
Title:The numerical modeling of mountain upslope winds and cumulus clouds
Publication:Report 67-2, Inst. of Atmospheric Science, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, SD, 66 pp.
Abstract:Observations and theory of upslope winds and the development of cumulus clouds over mountains are briefly reviewed.
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Record ID:21/60

Date:10/01/1971
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Phillips, O.M.
Title:The entrainment interface
Publication:GFDL Paper No. 38, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Monash Univeristy, Clayton, Vic, Australia, 34 pp.
Abstract:A theory is developed to describe the evolution of the entrainment interface in turbulent flow, in which the surface is convoluted by the large scale eddies of the motion and at the same time advances relative to the fluid as a result of the micro-scale entrainment process.
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Record ID:21/61

Date:05/01/1977
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Scott, B.C., P.V. Hobbs
Title:A theoretical study of the evolution of mixed-phase cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 812-826
Abstract:A detailed warm and cold cloud microphysical description has been incorpated into a one-dimensional time-depent, Eurlerian cumulus cloud model.
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Record ID:21/62

Date:01/01/1958
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Squires, P.
Title:Penetrative downdraughts in cumuli
Publication:Tellus, 10, 381-389
Abstract:Observations of cumuli have shown that the adiabatic model is quite inadequate, and that dry air must mix with the condensing upcurrent.
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Record ID:21/63

Date:01/01/1958
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Squires, P.
Title:The spatial variation of liquid water and droplet concentration in cumuli
Publication:Tellus, 10, 372-380
Abstract:Measurements of liquid water content and droplet concentration in cumuli over path length of about one metre have been used to investigate the structure of these clouds.
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Record ID:21/64

Date:01/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Telford, J.W.
Title:Turbulence, entrainment, and mixing in cloud dynamics
Publication:Pageoph., 113, 1067-1084
Abstract:The various models that have been proposed for describing the dynamical development of small cumuli are discussed in terms of how well they predict the observed distribution of liquid water.
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Record ID:21/65

Date:01/01/1978
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Thorpe, A.J., M.J. Miller
Title:Numerical simulations showing the role of the downdraught in cumulonimbus motion and splitting
Publication:Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 104, 873-893
Abstract:The results of two numerical simulations are presented.
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Record ID:21/66

Date:01/01/1955
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Warner, J.
Title:The water content of cumuliform cloud
Publication:Tellus, VII, 449-457
Abstract:Measurements have been made of liquid water content throughtout many cumuliform clouds.
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Record ID:21/67

Date:02/01/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Watson, A.I., R.L. Holle, J.B. Cunning, P.T. Gannon, D.O. Blanchard
Title:Low-level convergence and the prediction of convective precipitation in South Florida
Publication:Technical Report 4, Office of Weather Research and Modification, NOAA ERL, Boulder , CO, 228 pp
Abstract:A reliable method is presented for the prediction of convective precipitation in south Florida.
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Record ID:21/68

Date:09/01/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Heymsfield, G.M.
Title:Evolution of downdrafts and rotation in an Illinois thunderstorm
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1969-1988
Abstract:This paper discusses multi-Doppler radar observations on a non-severe Illinois thunderstorm occurring on 29 May 1978. The vertical wind shear was fairly recti-linear on this day with the storm motion being related to the wind at a height of 2.5 km. The cell examined had a radar top of 10 km, and high reflectivities
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Record ID:21/69

Date:01/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Haman, K.E., M. Niewiadomski
Title:Cold downdrafts in cumulonimbus clouds
Publication:Tellus, 32, 525-536
Abstract:The mechanism of maintenance of cold steady downdrafts in convective clouds is investigated in a numerical experiment using a one-dimensional steady state model of the updraft-downdraft interaction.
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Record ID:21/70

Date:01/01/1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Kuo, Y.K
Title:A numerical simulation of merger and cloud interactions
Publication:M.S. Thesis, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Dept. of Meteorology, Rapid City, SD, 94 pp
Abstract:The IAS two-dimensional, time-dependent cloud model has been used to investigate factors controlling the merging of cumulus clouds and the seeding effect on cloud merger.
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Record ID:21/71

Date:01/01/1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Niewiadomski, M.
Title:A numerical model of the updraft-downdraft interaction in Cb clouds
Publication:Acta Geophys. Polonica, XXVII, 279-291
Abstract:A one-dimensional, steady-state numerical model of cumulonimbus updraft and downdraft is described.
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Record ID:21/72

Date:06/04/1974
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Plank, V.G.
Title:A photoreconnaissance technique for conducting time-lapse studies of the development and motions of cumulus cloud populations and systems
Publication:AFCRL-TR-74-0250, Environmental Research Paper No. 478, Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, L.G. Hanscom Field, Bedford, MA 01730, 70 pp.
Abstract:The theory and tests of a continuous circling, photoreconnaissance technique that permits studies of the detailed kinematical-developmental structure of cloud populations and systems at the mesoscale are described.
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Record ID:21/73

Date:06/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(53) Planetary/Atmospheric Boundary
Author:Brill, K., B. Albrecht
Title:Diurnal variation of the trade-wind boundary layer
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 601-613
Abstract:Cloud fraction observations and trade-wind inversion base heights from both GATe and the undistrubed period of ATEX are examined for diurnal variation
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Record ID:21/74

Date:07/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:LeMone, M.A.
Title:Momentum transport by a line of cumulonimbus
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1815-1834
Abstract:The vertical transport of horizontal momentum normal to a line of cumulonimbus observed during GATE on 14 September 1974 is against the vertical momentum gradient, contrary to the predictions of mixing-length theory. Data from repeated aircraft passes normal
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Record ID:21/75

Date:04/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(75) Weather Modification
Author:Simpson, J.
Title:Downdrafts as linkages in dynamic cumulus seeding effects
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 19, 477-487
Abstract:Downdrafts are postulated as a primary linkage between dynamically seeded invigorated cloud towers and those events near and below cloud bases which cause enhanced inflow
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Record ID:21/76

Date:01/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(71) Tropical Meteorology
Author:Simpson, J., G. Van Helvoirt, M. McCumber
Title:Three-dimensional simulations of cumulus congestus clouds on GATE Day 261
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 126-145
Abstract:Schlesinger's (1978) three-dimensional cumulus model is applied to showering congestus clouds on day 261 of GATE
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Record ID:21/77

Date:09/01/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(46) Microphysics - Warm Cloud
Author:Takahashi, T.
Title:Warm rain development in a three-dimensional cloud model.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1991-2013
Abstract:A warm rainshower was simulated in a shallow, anelastic, three-dimensional cloud model with detailed microphysics.
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Record ID:21/78

Date:10/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Betts, A.K.
Title:Cloud thermodynamic models in saturation point coordinates
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2182-2191
Abstract:One-dimensional thermodynamic models for cloud-environment mixing, evaporation into downdrafts and precipitation from updrafts are presented in a parallel treatment using convective pressure scales and saturation point coordinates.
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Record ID:21/79

Date:01/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Chappell, C.F., D.R. Smith
Title:Generation of available buoyant energy by cloud glaciation
Publication:Pageoph., 113, 825-836
Abstract:The available buoyant energy (ABE, energy from the environment which becomes available to a parcel for buoyant accelerations) arising from glaciation is computed by integrating upward the differences in temperature between a parcel
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Record ID:21/80

Date:05/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Cotton, W.R.
Title:Theoretical cumulus dynamics
Publication:Rev. Geopys. Space Phys., 13, 419-448
Abstract:A comprehensive review of theoretical and numerical models of cumulus clouds and moist convective systems is presented.
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Record ID:21/81

Date:08/01/1978
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Cotton, W.R., G.J. Tripoli
Title:Cumulus convection in shear flow-Three-dimensional numerical experiment
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1503-1521
Abstract:A three-dimensional model of deep, moist convection is described.
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Record ID:21/82

Date:11/01/1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Das, P.
Title:A non-Archimedean approach to the equations of convection dynamics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 2183-2190
Abstract:A new formulation of the momentum equtions in convection dynamics is presented, dividing the pressure into separate hydrostatic and dynamic components.
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Record ID:21/83

Date:01/01/1976
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Deardorff, J.W.
Title:Usefulness of liquid-water potential temperature in a shallow-cloud model
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 15, 98-102
Abstract:The advantages of using Betts' (1973) liquid-water potnetial temperature (theta_l) and also a total moisture variable (q_w) within a shallow-cloud numerical mode are enumerated.
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Record ID:21/84

Date:01/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Deardorff, J.W.
Title:Statocumulus-capped mixed layers derived from a three-dimensional model
Publication:Boundary-layer Meteorol., 18, 495-527
Abstract:Results of a three-dimensional numerical model are analysed in a study of turbulence and entrainment within mixed layers containing stratucmulus with or without parameterized cloud-top radiative cooling.
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Record ID:21/85

Date:01/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fritsch, J.M.
Title:Cumulus dynamics: Local compensating subsidence and its implications for cumulus parameterization
Publication:Pageoph., 113, 851-867
Abstract:Observations of air flow in and round convective clouds are summarized and discussed in light of the requirements for parameterization of midlatitude convection.
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Record ID:21/86

Date:11/01/1976
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fritsch, J.M., C.F. Chappell, L.R. Hoxit
Title:The use of large-scale budgets for convective parameterization
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 1408-1418
Abstract:Synoptic-scale mass and moisture budgets are objectively computed by kinematic techniques and compared to the mass and moisture budgets of a tornado-producing Oklahoma squall line.
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Record ID:21/87

Date:01/01/1973
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Haman, K.
Title:On the updraft-downdraft interaction in convective clouds
Publication:Acta Geophys. Polonica, XXI, 215-233
Abstract:This paper deals with the mechanism of cold downdrafts in convective clouds.
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Record ID:21/88

Date:10/01/1973
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Haman, K.E.
Title:On the notion of equivalent specific liquid water content and its applications to the thermodynamics of clouds
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 12, 1129-1133
Abstract:A linear combination of specific liquid water content and temperature excess over the environmental value is found, which for an entrained, nonprecipitating parcel has the property of being approximately independent of environmental humidity.
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Record ID:21/89

Date:04/01/1974
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Holle, R.L.
Title:Populations of parameters related to dynamic cumulus seeding over Florida
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 13, 364-373
Abstract:Radar populations of seedable clouds observed between 4.57 km (15,00 ft) and 7.62 km (25,000 ft) each hour were gathered near Miami and Tampa during various months through the year.
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Record ID:21/90

Date:04/24/1999
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:French, J.R., G. Vali, R.D. Kelly
Title:Evolution of small cumulus clouds in Florida: observations of pulsating growth
Publication:Atmos. Res., 52, 143-165
Abstract:Observations have been made in six small cumulus clouds using instrumented aircraft, a ground-based radar, and a 95 GHz airbone Doppler radar. The clouds occurred on two days were below 3 km and in-cloud temperatures were warmer than 10^oC.
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Record ID:21/91

Date:03/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Knupp, K.R., W.R. Cotton
Title:An intense, quasi-steady thunderstorm over mountainous terrain. Part II: Doppler radar observations of the storm morphological structure
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 343-358
Abstract:An analysis of an intense, quasi-steady thunderstorm which developed over mountainous terrain is presented.
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Record ID:21/92

Date:03/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Knupp, K.R., W.R. Cotton
Title:An intense, quasi-steady thunderstorm over mountainous terrain. Part III: Doppler radar observations of the turbulent structure
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 359-368
Abstract:The evolution of the turbulent structure of an intense, quasi-steady thunderstorm is examined using Doppler radar estimates of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates (epsilon) and radial shears of raw radial
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Record ID:21/93

Date:01/01/1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Koenig, L.R., F.W. Murray
Title:Theoretical experiments on cumulus dynamics and glaciation
Publication:R-2424-NSF, Rand Corp., Santa Monica, CA, 116 pp.
Abstract:The investigation reported here examine the interaction between the microphysical and dynamical properties of natural clouds, and tests rime-splintering as the mechanism causing abormally high ice-particle concentration
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Record ID:21/94

Date:03/01/1959
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Kuettner, J.
Title:The band structure of the atmosphere
Publication:Tellus, XI, 267-294
Abstract:A general characteristic of the atmosphere is its streakiness.
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Record ID:21/95

Date:06/01/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Purdom, J.F.W.
Title:Convective scale interaction: Arc cloud lines and the development and evolution of deep convection
Publication:Atmos. Sci. Paper No. 408, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 197 pp
Abstract:This paper uses information from satellite data and research aircraft data to provide new understanding concerning the mesoscale development and evolution of deep convection in an atmosphere typified by weak synoptic-scale forcing.
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Record ID:21/96

Date:05/01/1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Raymond, D.J.
Title:A two-scale model of moist, non-precipitating convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 816-831
Abstract:A two-scale model of convective disturbances is developed in which the larger scale describes the disturbance as a whole and the smaller scale consists of convective turbulence.
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Record ID:21/97

Date:05/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Schlesinger, R.E.
Title:A three-dimensional numerical model of an isolated deep convective clouds: Preliminary results
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 934-957
Abstract:The development of an isolated convective storm in a sheared environment is studied with an anelastic three-dimensional numerical model.
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Record ID:21/98

Date:07/01/1965
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Scorer, R.S.
Title:Vorticity in nature
Publication:Report, Imperial College of Science & Technology, Department of Mathematics, London, 33 pp.
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/99

Date:05/01/1977
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Steiner, E.J., W.H. Schubert
Title:Stratocumulus convection off the west coast of South America
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 270, Colorado State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 97 pp.
Abstract:The stratocumulus regime off the South American coast is investigated using ahorizontally inhomogeneous version of Lilly's (1968) cloud topped mixed layer model.
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Record ID:21/100

Date:02/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Simpson, J., G. Van Helvoirt
Title:GATE cloud-sub cloud layer interactions examined using a three-dimensional cumulus model
Publication:Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 53, 106-132
Abstract:The interaction between the cloud and subcloud layer in the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment are examined by means of a three-dimensional cumulus model developed at the University of Wisconsin
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Record ID:21/101

Date:01/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Simpson, J., N.E. Westcott, R.J. Clerman, R.A. Pielke
Title:On cumulus mergers
Publication:Arch. Met. Geoph. Biokl., Ser A, 29, 1-40
Abstract:Joining together or merging is postulated to be a major way in which convective clouds become larger, enhancing their transports and impacts upon their environment.
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Record ID:21/102

Date:10/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Thorpe, A.J., M.J. Miller, M.W. Moncrieff
Title:Two-dimensional convection in non-constant shear: a model of mid-latitude squall lines
Publication:Quart. J.R. Met. Soc., 108, 739-762
Abstract:Numerical simulations of two-dimensional deep convection are analysed using analytical models extended to include shallow downdraughts and non-constant shear.
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Record ID:21/103

Date:03/01/1963
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Woodcock, A.H., D.C. Blanchard, D.G.H. Rooth
Title:Salt-induced convection and clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 20, 159-169
Abstract:The amounts of condensation on airborne sea-salt particles are estimated for different humidity and rate-of-rise conditions; the latent heat thereby released may be an important facor in the transport of moist air parcels from
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Record ID:21/104

Date:02/01/1967
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Woodcock, A.H., A.T. Spencer
Title:Latent heat released experimentally by adding sodium chloride particles to the atmosphere
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 6, 95-101
Abstract:Dry particles of sodium chloride, in the size range of 0.5 to 20 mu in diameter, were introduced from an aircraft into moist air at altitudes of 400-500 m over the sea near the island of Hawaii.
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Record ID:21/105

Date:01/01/1951
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Riehl, H., T.C. Yeh, J.S. Malkus, N.E. LeSeur
Title:The north-east rade of the Pacific Ocean
Publication:Quart. J.R. Met. Soc., 77, 598-626
Abstract:First, the structure of the trade in the Pacific Ocean north-east of the Hawaiian Islands is shown with the use of vertical cross-sections, which extend to 3 km and include the fields of temperature, moisture, and motion.
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Record ID:21/106

Date:07/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Betts, A.K.
Title:Saturation point analysis of moist convective overturning
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1484-1505
Abstract:A unified approach to the thermodynamics of cloudy air, cloud-clear air mixing processes, atmospheric thermodynamic equilibirum structure and instability is formulated using a new concept: the Saturation Point. This permits the representation of mixing processes and virtual potential temperature isopleths for clear and cloudy air on a thermodynamic diagram (a tephigram is used here), and their comparison with
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Record ID:21/107

Date:11/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(22) Cumulus Models
Author:Hall, W.D.
Title:A detailed microphysical model within a two-dimensional dynamic framework: Model description and preliminary results
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2486-2507
Abstract:A two-dimensional anelastic cloud model which incorporates detailed treatments of the water and ice phase is presented. The liquid phase processes considered include condensation, quasi-stochastic coalescence, fallout and breakup, while th eice phase processes include diffusional and accretional growth of ice particles. Results of two cloud simulations are
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Record ID:21/108

Date:02/01/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Knight, C.A.
Title:13 June 1974: Mature storm study a small, isolated, 'Steady State' convective storm
Publication:NCAR Technical Note TN-163+STR, Convective Storms Division, NCAR, Boulder, CO, 65 pp
Abstract:This is one of a series of Technical Notes reporting data on aircraft penetrations in convective clouds, ranging from cumulus congestus to thunderstorms, in northeastern Colorado and adjacent portions of Wyoming and Nebraska.
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Record ID:21/109

Date:07/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Krishnamurti, R.
Title:On cellular cloud patterns. Part 1: Mathematical model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1353-1363
Abstract:The relationship of 'open' or 'closed' cellular cloud patterns to large-scale sinking or rising motion is investigated.
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Record ID:21/110

Date:07/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Krishnamurti, R.
Title:On cellular cloud patterns. Part 2: Laboratory model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1364-1372
Abstract:In a mathematical model (presented in Part 1), an unstable lapse rate beta and a uniform vertical velocity w_0 were imposed upon a horizontal layer of fluid between two porous boundaries.
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Record ID:21/111

Date:01/01/1978
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Manton, M.J.
Title:Moist penetrative convection and the formation of incipient cloud
Publication:Boundary-layer Met., 15, 265-287
Abstract:The temporal development of the profiles of potential temperature and specfic humidity in a convection layer is predicted.
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Record ID:21/112

Date:12/01/1940
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Woodcock, A.H.
Title:Convection and soaring over the open ocean
Publication:J. Marine Res., III, 248-253
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/113

Date:12/15/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Betts, A.K.
Title:Mixing line analysis of clouds and cloudy boundary layers
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2751-2763
Abstract:The diagnostic study of the thermodynamic structure of nonprecipitating clouds and cloudy boundary layers is formulated using a mixing line and saturation point approach. A parameteric model for the mean structure is developed as a tool for diagnostic and prognostic modeling. Cloud-scale mixing processes
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Record ID:21/114

Date:01/01/1987
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Gardiner, B.A., D.P. Rogers
Title:On mixing processes in continental cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 250-259
Abstract:Results are presented from the 1981 Convective Cloud Precipitation Experiment (CCOPE). Aircraft data are analyzed from different flight levels within a convective cloud using the Q-mixing diagram (Paluch). Points on this diagram are characterized by updrafts, downdrafts and the
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Record ID:21/115

Date:08/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(53) Planetary/Atmospheric Boundary
Author:Garrett, A.J.
Title:A parameter study of interactions between convective clouds, the convective boundary layer, and a forested surface
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1041-1059
Abstract:A numerical model was developed which included cloud parameterizations, a convective boundary layer solar and longwave radiation, a soil layer and a parameterized forest layer
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Record ID:21/116

Date:10/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Libersky, L.D.
Title:Turbulence in cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2332-2346
Abstract:The nature of turbulence in small cumuli is explored in a time-dependent model of moist non-precipitating convection. The problem is solved in a two-dimensional slab-symmetry geometry, but the turbulence is taken to be three-dimensional. Transport equations for the Reynolds stress and energy decay rate describe all scales of turbulence and hence no ``seeding' of grid-resolvable scales with
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Record ID:21/117

Date:10/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(22) Cumulus Models
Author:Lipps, F.B., R.S. Hemler
Title:A scale analysis of deep moist convection and some related numerical calculations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2192-2210
Abstract:A scale analysis for deep moist convection is carried out. The approximate equations of motion are anelastic with the time scale set by the Brunt-Vaisala frequency. A new assumption is that the base state potential temperature is a slowly varying function of
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Record ID:21/118

Date:10/15/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
(64) Severe Storms
Author:Orville, H.D.
Title:Comment on 'Effects of the pressure perturbation field in numerical models of unidirectionally sheared thunderstorm convection: Two versus three dimensions'
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2220-2221
Abstract:No abstract
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Record ID:21/119

Date:03/01/1987
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(23) Cumulus Parameterization
Author:Randall, D.A.
Title:Turbulent fluxes of liquid water and buoyancy in partly cloudy layers
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 850-858
Abstract:A simple convective mass flux model is used to derive expressions for the fluxes of liquid water and buoyancy in partly cloudy turbulent layers. The results differ radically from those suggested in some previous studies. Physical interpretation is given, and examples are presented. Implications for the dynamics of partly cloudy
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Record ID:21/120

Date:05/01/1984
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(64) Severe Storms
Author:Schlesinger, R.E.
Title:Effects of the pressure perturbation field in numerical models of unidirectionally shared thunderstorm convection: Two versus three dimensions
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1571-1587
Abstract:Two- and three-dimensional anelastic numerical modeling experiments with common environmental profiles are used to study two aspected of the pressure perturbation field in strongly sheared
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Record ID:21/121

Date:07/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Shirer, H.N.
Title:Bifurcation and stability in a model of moist convection in a shearing environemnt
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1586-1602
Abstract:The six-coefficient spectral model (model I) of two-dimensional shallow moist convection discussed by Shirer and Dutton (1979) is extended to an eleven component system (model II) in order that a
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Record ID:21/122

Date:05/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Yau, M.K., R. Michaud
Title:Numerical simulation of a cumulus ensemble in three dimensions
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1062-1079
Abstract:Hill's (1974) method of random surface heating and an initiation mechanism for convection is incorporated into a three-dimensional cumulus cloud model. Results are presented on the development of a cumulus ensemble, the interactions of clouds in the population, and the
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Record ID:21/123

Date:10/01/1978
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Asai, T., K. Nakamura
Title:A numerical experiment of airmass transformation processes over warmer sea. Part I: Development of a convectively mixed layer
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japn, 56, 424-434
Abstract:Davelopment processes of a convectively mixed layer is investigated numerically with a two dimensional model dealing with convection roll parallel to the general wind.
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Record ID:21/124

Date:01/01/1966
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Asai, T.
Title:Cloud bands over the Japan Sea off the Hokuriku district during a cold air outburst
Publication:Met. Geophys., XVI, 179-194
Abstract:An attempt was made to find, by aerial photographic observation, a feature of the cloud distribution over the Japan Sea during an outburst of the continental polar air in winter.
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Record ID:21/125

Date:02/01/1973
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Augstein, E., H. Riehl, F. Ostapoff, V. Wagner
Title:Mass and energy transports in an undistubed Atlantic trade-wind flow
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 101, 101-111
Abstract:The vertical and horizontal mass and energy transports for the layer between the sea surface and 700 mb are calaculated for the first (undisturbed) period of the Atlantic Trade-Wind Experiment 1969.
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Record ID:21/126

Date:08/01/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Becker, P.
Title:A simple method for parameterizing cumulus cloud amount
Publication:Beitr. Phs. Atmosph., 59, 399-408
Abstract:A simple scheme for parameterizing the fractional coverage by cumulus clouds has been developed.
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Record ID:21/127

Date:04/01/1977
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Burk, S.D.
Title:The moist boundary layer with a higher order turbulence closure model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 629-638
Abstract:A one-dimensional higher order turbulence closure model is used to investigate moisture structure within the diurnally varying planetary boundary layer.
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Record ID:21/128

Date:04/01/1972
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Das, P., M.C. Subba Rao
Title:The unsaturated downdraught
Publication:Indian J. Met. Geophys., 23, 135-144
Abstract:The basic element in the phenomenon of the 'humidity dip' observed and analyzed by the U.S. Thunderstorm Project is an unsaturated downdraught.
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Record ID:21/129

Date:02/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Deardorff, J.S., J.A. Businger
Title:Comments on 'Marine stratocumulus convection. Part I: Governing equations and horizontally homogeneous solutions'
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 481-487
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/130

Date:05/01/1978
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Esbensen, S.
Title:Bulk thermodynamic effects and properties of small tropical cumuli
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 826-837
Abstract:Separate diagnostic models of shallow and inversion-enetrating, trade wind dumulus clouds are combined with large-scale BOMEX heat and moisture budgets to obtain the thermodynamic effect and properties of the shallow clouds.
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Record ID:21/131

Date:02/01/1976
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fraedrich, K.
Title:A mass budget of an ensemble of transient cumulus clouds determined from direct cloud observations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 262-268
Abstract:A parameteric model of an individual transient cumulus cloud is derived which allows the incorporation of direct cloud observations.
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Record ID:21/132

Date:01/01/1963
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Higuchi, K.
Title:The band structure of snowfalls
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 41, 53-70
Abstract:Horizontal distribution of the amounts of precipitaiton during local heavy snowfalls in the lower Ishikari Plain.
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Record ID:21/133

Date:04/01/1965
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Hookings, G.A.
Title:Precipitation-maintained downdrafts
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 4, 190-195
Abstract:A first quantitative estimate of the maintenance of a downdraft by the evaporation of precipiation is made for the stedy state of a severe storm.
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Record ID:21/134

Date:06/01/1977
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Johnson, R.H.
Title:Effects of cumulus convection on the structure and growth of the mixed layer over South Florida
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 713-724
Abstract:Composites of rawinsonde observations of the subcloud layer over south centrla Florida obtained during the 1975 Florida Area Cumulus Expeirment are presented.
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Record ID:21/135

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Jurica, G.M., C.A. Leary, D.R. haragan, A. Eddy, H. Johnson, B. Sladewski
Title:Summer convective precipitation on the Texas South Plains
Publication:Report Lp-86, Atmospheric Science Group, Texas Tech. U., Lubbock, TX, 127 pp.
Abstract:An investigation has been conducted on the properties of summer convective cloud systems on the Texas South Plains.
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Record ID:21/136

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Jurica, G.M., C.A. Leary, D.R. Haragan, A. Eddy, H. Johnson, B. Sladewski
Title:Summer convective precipitation on the Texas South Plains
Publication:Report Lp-86, Atmospheric Science Group, Texas Tech. U., Lubbock, TX, 127 pp.
Abstract:An investigation has been conducted on the properties of summer convective cloud systems on the Texas South Plains.
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Record ID:21/137

Date:01/11/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Knupp, K.R., W.R. Cotton
Title:Doppler radar case study of downdraft initiation and structure within a moderately-intense thunderstorm
Publication:12th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Jan. 11-15, 1982, San Antonio, TX
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/138

Date:07/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Krishnamurti, R.
Title:On cellular cloud patterns. Part 3: Applicability of the mathematical and laboratory models
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1373-1383
Abstract:A nonlinear mathematical model of an unstably stratified layer of fluid with an imposed uniform vertical mass flux gamma through porous boundaries has shown that, for Rayleigh number R near its critical value R_e
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Record ID:21/139

Date:01/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Nicholls, S., M.A. LeMone
Title:The simulation of a fair weather marine boundary layer in GATE using a three-dimnensional model
Publication:Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 108, 167-190
Abstract:A detailed three-dimensional model has been used to simulate a cumulus-tpped tropical oceanic boundary layer.
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Record ID:21/140

Date:04/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Reuter, G.W.
Title:Observations and numerical simulations of mixing mechanisms in South African cumulus congestus clouds
Publication:Report MW-95, McGill University, Stormy Weather Group, 286 pp
Abstract:The mixing mechanism of South African cumulus congestus clouds is investigated using a combined observationsl and modeling approach.
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Record ID:21/141

Date:10/15/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Schlesinger, R.E.
Title:Reply
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2222-2223
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/142

Date:09/01/1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Shirer, H.N., J.A. Dutton
Title:The branching hierarchy of multiple solutions in a model of moist convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 36 1705-1721
Abstract:The dynamics of two-dimensional, shallow moist convection is examined with the use of a six-component spectral model.
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Record ID:21/143

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Simpson, J.
Title:Cumulus role in tropical circulations
Publication:Mesoscale Meteorlogy-Theories, observations and models, D.K. Lilly and T. Gal-Chen, eds., D. Reidel Publishing, 375-398.
Abstract:Tropical sclae interactions involving cumulus clouds are examined using a broader interpretation of the CISK concept permitting stable as well as unstable feedbacks between clouds and larger-scale flows.
Location:2
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Record ID:21/144

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Simpson, J.
Title:Cumulus clouds: Numerical models, observaitons and entrainment
Publication:Mesoscale Meteorlogy-Theories, observations and models, D.K. Lilly and T. Gal-Chen, eds., D. Reidel Publishing, 413-455.
Abstract:The first computer simulation of the organization phase of a buoyant atmospheric thermal is described.
Location:2
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Record ID:21/145

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Simpson, J.
Title:Cumulus clouds: Early aircraft observations and entrainment hypothesis
Publication:Mesoscale Meteorlogy-Theories, observations and models, D.K. Lilly and T. Gal-Chen, eds., D. Reidel Publishing, 355-373
Abstract:The history of cumulus research in the decade following World War II is reviewed in the perspective of the new ideas and advances made during the subsequent generation.
Location:2
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Record ID:21/146

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Simpson, J.
Title:Cumulus clouds: Interactions between laboratory experiments and observations as foundations for models
Publication:Mesoscale Meteorlogy-Theories, observations and models, D.K. Lilly and T. Gal-Chen, eds., D. Reidel Publishing, 399-412
Abstract:The early Woods Hole aircraft observations and entrainment postulates led to collaboration with the Imperial College convection group on a series of laboratory experiments on buoyant bubbles and thermals.
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Record ID:21/147

Date:05/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Simpson, J.
Title:Waterspouts, gust fronts and associated cloud systems
Publication:NASA Technical Memorandum 85032, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771
Abstract:Nine GATE waterspouts have been recorded on five experimental days.
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Record ID:21/148

Date:05/01/1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Somerville, R.C.J., T. Gal-Chen
Title:Numerical simulation of convection with mean vertical motion
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 805-815
Abstract:The flow in a convectively unstable layer of fluid may be strongly influenced by large-scale ascent or descent.
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Record ID:21/149

Date:03/01/1978
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Sun, W.Y.
Title:Stability analysis of deep cloud streets
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 466-483
Abstract:Linear stability analysis of cloud streets is investigated by including the latent heat and considering a few types of wind profiles.
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Record ID:21/150

Date:03/01/1984
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Westcott, N.
Title:A historical perspective on cloud mergers
Publication:Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 65, 219-226
Abstract:While the idea of 'merging' clouds may seem to be conceptually simple on first consideration, the term has been employe in a variety of ways.
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Record ID:21/151

Date:09/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Randall, D.A., G.J. Huffman
Title:A stochastic model of cumulus clumping
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2068-2078
Abstract:Observations show that cumulus clouds often occur in long-lived mesoscale groups, or clumps.
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Record ID:21/152

Date:12/01/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Politovich, M.K.
Title:A study of the broadening of droplet size distribution in cumuli
Publication:Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 198 pp
Abstract:Cloud droplets may take a variety of paths to reach some location in a cloud, and so may encounter varying growth conditions.
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Record ID:21/153

Date:04/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(66) Stratiform/Stratocu Clouds
Author:Albrecht, B.A., R.S. Penc, W.H. Schubert
Title:An observational study of cloud-topped mixed layers
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 800-822
Abstract:The turbulence and mean structure of oceanic stratocumulus was studied using aircraft data collected during the summer of 1976 off the coast of California . . .
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Record ID:21/154

Date:12/15/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Bougeault, P.
Title:The diurnal cycle of the marine stratocumulus layer: A higher-order model study
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2826-2843
Abstract:A third-order turbulence model of the marine stratocumulus layer, including cloud ensemble relations and detailed radiative computations, is used to study a case observed over the North Sea during the JASIN experiment. It is shown that the model is able to construct the observed structure of the boundary layer, starting
Location:3
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Record ID:21/155

Date:07/01/1987
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Crum, T.D., R.B. Stull, E.W. Eloranta
Title:Coincident lidar and aircraft observations of entrainment into thermals and mixed layers
Publication:J. Clim. Appl. Met., 26, 774-788
Abstract:Coincident observations of the daytime convective boundary layer over Oklahoma were made with the NCAR Queen Air aircraft and the University of Wisconsin ground-based lidar. The two data sets have been merged to provide a unique visual
Location:3
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Record ID:21/156

Date:0/00/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Cunning, J.B., R.L. Holle, P.T. Gannon, A.I. Watson
Title:Convective evolution and merger in the FACE experimental area: Mesoscale convective and boundary layer interactions
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 21, 953-977
Abstract:This paper investigates the interactions between the various scales of motion and, specifically, the interactions between convection and the surface boundary layer in the development of a mesoscale system within the Florida Area Cumulus Experiment (FACE)
Location:3
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Record ID:21/157

Date:08/01/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Emanuel, K.A.
Title:A similarity theory for unsaturated downdrafts within clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1541-1557
Abstract:Recent observations of cumulus clouds strongly support the hypothesis of Squires (1958) that much of the mixing within such clouds is associated with downward propagating currents intitated near their tops.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/158

Date:03/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Helfand, H.M., E. Kalnay
Title:A model to determine open or closed cellular convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 631-650
Abstract:A simple mechanism is proposed to help explain the observed presence in the atmosphere of open or closed cellular convection. If convection is produced by cooling concentrated near the top of the cloud layer, as in radiative cooling of stratus clouds, it develops strong descending currents which are compensated by
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Record ID:21/159

Date:12/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Klassen, G.P., T.L. Clark
Title:Dynamics of the cloud-environment interface and entrainment in samll cumuli: Two-dimensional simulations in the absence of the ambient shear
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2621-2642
Abstract:We employ a two-dimensional numericla model with interacting nested domains to simulate the evolution of a small nonprecipitating cumulus cloud in the absence of shear. Grid nesting permits the use of a realistic boundary layer forcing to initiate cloud
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Record ID:21/160

Date:02/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:LeMone, M.A., G.M. Barnes, J.C. Fankhauser, L.F. Tarleton
Title:Perturbation pressure fields measured by aircraft around the cloud-base updraft of deep convective clouds
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 313-327
Abstract:Perturbation pressure fields are measured by aircraft around the cloud base updrafts of seven clouds ranging in size from weak cumulus congestus to intense cumulonimbus during CCOPE (1981)
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Record ID:21/161

Date:02/01/1990
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Raga, G., J. Jensen, M. Baker
Title:Characteristics of cumulus band clouds off the coast of Hawaii
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 338-355
Abstract:We have analyzed aircraft observations from seventeen cumulus cells within cloud bands observed off the east coast of Hawaii during the Joint Hawaii Rain Project (JHWRP) of 1985. Low level convergence generated by the encounter
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Record ID:21/162

Date:11/15/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Redelsperger, J.L., G. Sommeria
Title:Three-dimensional simulation of a convective storm: Sensitivity studies on subgrid parameterization and spatial resolution
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2619-2635
Abstract:This article presents the main features of a three-dimensional model for deep convection developed with special care given to the formulation of subgrid turbulent processes. It explicitly simulates the dynamics of turbulent eddies, including condensation and preciptation processes. Second-order moments are
Location:3
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Record ID:21/163

Date:11/15/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Redelsperger, J.L., G. Sommeria
Title:Three-dimensional simulation of a convective storm: Sensitivity studies on subgrid parameterization and spatial resolution
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2619-2635
Abstract:This article presents the main features of a three-dimensional model for deep convection developed with special care given to the formulation of subgrid turbulent processes. It explicitly simulates the dynamics of turbulent eddies, including condensation and preciptation processes. Second-order moments are
Location:3
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Record ID:21/164

Date:03/01/1987
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Reuter, G.W., M.K. Yau
Title:Mixing mechanisms in cumulus congestus clouds. Part II. Numerical simulations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 798-827
Abstract:The entrainment mechanisms of deep convective clouds in South Africa are simulated by using both axially and slab-symmetric cumulus models having very high spatial
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Record ID:21/165

Date:12/15/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(49) Mountain Meteorology
Author:Schoeberl, M.R.
Title:The penetration of mountain waves into the middle atmosphere.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2856-2864
Abstract:A linear hydrostatic model of gravity waves forced by a bell-shaped ridge is used to investigate the penetration of mountain waves into the stratosphere and mesosphere during winter and fall.
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Record ID:21/166

Date:03/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Smolarkiewicz, P.K., T.L. Clark
Title:Numerical simulation of the evolution of a three-dimensional simulation of the evolution of a three-dimensional field of cumulus clouds. Part I: Model description, comparison with observations and sensivity studies
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 502-522
Abstract:A surface boundary layer model was developed which utilizes the single-level surface mesonet data and the results of a surface energy and moisture budget calculation. The heat and moisture fluxes calculated
Location:3
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Record ID:21/167

Date:01/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Stull, R.
Title:A fair-weather cumulus cloud classification scheme for mixed-layer studies
Publication:J. Clim. Appl. Meteor., 24, 49-56
Abstract:Not all cumulus clouds can vent mixed-layer air into the free atmosphere. Therefore, three sub-types of air-weather cumulus clouds are identified based on the anture of their interaction with the mixed layer: forced, active and passive clouds
Location:3
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Record ID:21/168

Date:09/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Turpeinen, O.
Title:Cloud interactions and merging on Day 261 of GATE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1238-1254
Abstract:Cloud interactions and merging processes in pairs of moderate-sized convective cells are studied usng radar data with 5 min resolution from Day 261 GATE, in connection with a three-dimensional cloud model. The radar data indicated that most of the clouds are so-called parallel cells, in that the two clouds
Location:3
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Record ID:21/169

Date:07/01/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Turpeinen, O., M.K. Yau
Title:Comparisons of results from a three-dimensional cloud model with statistics of radar echoes on Day 216 of GATE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1495-1511
Abstract:An analysis of 5 min resolution Quandra data on Day 261 of GATE (0953-1451 GMT) is made to yield statistics of maximum area, echo top, lifetime and maximum reflectivity factor in medium-sized convective cells. The results, obtained by tracking 140 echoes throughout their lifetime, indicate the the maximum area is log-normally distributed, 90% of the echoes
Location:3
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Record ID:21/170

Date:02/01/1984
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Albrecht, B.A.
Title:A model study of downstream variations of the thermodynamic structure of the trade winds
Publication:Tellus, 36A, 187-202
Abstract:A simple model is used to study downstream variations in the thermodynamic stucture of the trade-wind boundary layer due to downstream variations in sea-surface temperature, divergence, surface wind speed, and the thermodynamic...
Location:3
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Record ID:21/171

Date:10/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Chou, S.H., D. Atlas
Title:Satellite estimates of ocean-air heat fluxes during cold air outbreaks
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1434-1450
Abstract:Nomograms of mean column heating dur to surface sensible and latent heat fluxes, have been developed from Stage and Businger's (1981a,b) boundary-layer model for cold air outbreaks over warm water.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/172

Date:01/01/1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Curic, M.
Title:Dynamics of a cold air outflow from the base of the tunderstorm. A simple model
Publication:J. Rech. Atmos., 14, 493-498
Abstract:In order to find out a quantitative value for the motion of cold air which has been formed by evaporation of raindrops and by melting of hailstones below the base of thunderstorm, a simle model is formulated.
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Record ID:21/173

Date:05/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fiedler, B.H.
Title:Reply to a Comment by A. van Delden
Publication:Tellus, 37A, 489
Abstract:None
Location:3
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Record ID:21/174

Date:01/01/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Lamb, D., J. Hallett, R.I. Sax
Title:Mechanistic limitations to the release of latent heat during the natural and artificial glaciation of deep convective clouds
Publication:Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 107, 935-954
Abstract:The latent heat thermodynamically available in the supercooled water of deep convective clouds is released at rates governed by the glaciation mechanism, presumed here to involve primary nucleation, capture nucleation of rain by
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Record ID:21/175

Date:01/01/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Kitchen, M., S.J. Caughey
Title:Tethered-balloon observations of the structure of small cumulus clouds
Publication:Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 107, 853-874
Abstract:The turbulence and microphysical structures of small cumulus clouds have been studied in some detailed using three turbulence probes and a droplet spectrometer attached to the tethering cable of a large (1300 m^3) balloon.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/176

Date:01/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Knupp, K.R.
Title:Precipitating convective cloud downdraft structure: A synthesis of observations and modeling
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 387, Colorado State Univ., Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 296 pp
Abstract:This study represents a comprehensive investigation in which observations are integrated with three-dimensional cloud model result sto examine the kinematic, dynamic and thermodymamic structure of downdrafts associated with precipitating convection.
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Record ID:21/177

Date:09/01/1973
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:LeMone, M.A.
Title:The structure and dynamics of horizontal roll vortices in the planetary boundary layer
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 1077-1091
Abstract:The wind and temperature fields of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) are investigated during periods in which horizontal roll vortices are present.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/178

Date:01/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Manton, M.J.
Title:A model of fair-weather cumulus convection
Publication:Boundary-layer Met., 22, 91-107
Abstract:By assuming that cumulus clouds grow from patche sof air that extend from the well-mixed layer near the surface, a model of fair-weather cumulus convection is developed.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/179

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Marquet, P.
Title:Exergy in meteorology: Definition and properties of moist available enthalpy
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 567-590
Abstract:The exergy of the dry atmosphere can be considered as another aspect of the meteorological theories of avilable energies.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/180

Date:02/01/1969
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Plank, V.G.
Title:The size distribution of cumulus clouds in representative Florida populations
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 8, 46-67
Abstract:The cumulus cloud populations of the Florida peninsula were photographed periodically and comprehensively on 19 days in August and September 1957, using multiple high-flying aircraft.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/181

Date:04/01/1978
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Shiino, J.
Title:A numerical study of precipitaiton development in cumulus clouds
Publication:Papers in Met. Geophys, 29, 157-194
Abstract:A numerical study of precipitation devleopment in cumulus clouds with the use of an Eulerian one-dimensional cloud model which consists of the vertical equation of motion, the mass continuity equation, the thermodynamic equation..
Location:3
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Record ID:21/182

Date:05/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:van Delden, A.
Title:On the preferred model of cumulus convection
Publication:Beitr. Phys., Atmosph., 58, 202-219
Abstract:Mesoscale open convection cells have a mean aspect ratio of about 15, but aspect ratios in the order of 80 area not uncommon.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/183

Date:07/01/1976
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Wilkins, E.M., Y.K. Sasaki, G.E. Gerber, W.H. Chaplin, Jr.
Title:Numerical simulation of the lateral interactions between buoyant clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1321-1329
Abstract:Pairs of buoyant elements, or thermals, are found to merge very rapidly when they are close enough for extensive overlapping of their buoyancy force fields.
Location:3
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Record ID:21/184

Date:01/10/1987
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Agee, E.M.
Title:Mesoscae cellular convection over the oceans
Publication:Dynamics of Atmos. and oceans, 10, 317-341
Abstract:A review of the understanding and progress in the study of mescale cellular convection (MCC) in cloud-topped marine boundary layers is provided. A comparison is made beteen MCC and the classical study of Benard-Rayleigh convection, with noted similarities and differences.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/185

Date:10/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Betts, A.K.
Title:Cloud thermodynamic models in saturation point coordinates
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2182-2191
Abstract:One-dimensional thermodynamic models for cloud-environment mixing, evaporation into downdrafts and precipitation from updrafts are presented in a parallel treatment using convective pressure scales and saturation point coordinates. The common framework can be used to interpret data sets and estimate from them pressure scales for the complex physical processes in cumulus.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/186

Date:00/00/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Buck, A.L.
Title:New equations for computing vapor pressure and enhancement factor
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 20, 1527-1532
Abstract:Equations are presented which relate saturation vapor pressure to temperature for moist air. The equations are designed to be easily implemented on a calculator or computer and can be used to convert in either direction. They are more accurate than the commonly used Goff-Gratch equations for the meteorologically
Location:4
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Record ID:21/187

Date:08/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:van Delden, A.
Title:On the flow-pattern of shallow atmospheric convection
Publication:Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., 61, 169-186
Abstract:It is shown through numerical simulation that open convection cells can only exist when the greatest static (in the absence of convection) thermal instability is located near the lower boundary of the layer, for instance in conditions when cold air is advected over a relatively warm ocean. On the other hand, closed cells can only exsit when the flow is driven mainly from the top, for instance by cloud-top radiative cooling, which, due to the hig degree of cloud-cover, is precisely most effective in these conditions.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/188

Date:6/1/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Durran, D.R.
Title:Improving the anelastic approximation.
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1453-1461
Abstract:A new diagnostic equation is presented which exhibits many advantages over the conventional forms of the anelastic continuity equation.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/189

Date:01/01/1987
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Etling, D., S. Raasch
Title:Numerical simulation of vortex roll development during a cold air outbreak
Publication:Dynamics of Atmos. and Ocean, 10, 277-290
Abstract:Cold air outbreaks can be identified by the formation of cloud streets downwind form a land-sea boundary, as can be seen in numerous satellite pictures. These cloud streets are caused by horizontal roll vortices which in turn are due to dynamic and convective instability of the planetary boundary layer over sea.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/190

Date:07/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Knupp, K.R.
Title:Numerical simulation of low-level downdraft initiation within precipitating cumulonimbi: Some primary results
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1517-1529
Abstract:Two three-dimensional cloud model simulations are examined and compared in order to define some of the characteristics of the low-level downdraft initiation process within deep precipitating convection
Location:4
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Record ID:21/191

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Grabowski, W.W.
Title:Cumulus entrainment, fine-scale mixing, and buyancy reversal
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 935-956
Abstract:The formatin of buyancy reversal due to entrainment of dry environmental air, and its implication for cumulus dynamics, are discused. Concepts originating from laboratory experiments with reacting turbulent flows, and from numerical simulations of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence, are applied to distinguish between large-scale entraining eddies developing at the interface, subsequent development of smaller scale motions, and final homogenization by microscale processes.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/192

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Hauf, T., T.L. Clark
Title:Three-dimensional numerical experiments on convectively forced internal gravity waves
Publication:Q.J.R. meteorl. Soc., 115, 309-333
Abstract:Results are presnted of thermally forced dry and moist convection and the associated gravity wave fields from three-dimensional numerical simulations using a non-hydrostatic aneastic model. This paper extends earlier two-dimensional simulations to include effects of the third spatial dimension employing a very similar environmental speed-shear case for the study.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/193

Date:01/10/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Hill, R.D.
Title:Updraught characteristics of a Florida thunderstorm
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 114, 1353-1357
Abstract:A feature of a Florida thunderstorm, observed o 13 August 1978 dring the Thunderstorm International Research Project (TRIP), was a striking correlation between increased intracloud lightning activity and an increase in the thunderstorm (TS) cell updraught velocity (see Lhermitte and Krehbiel 1979; Hill 1984a). This correlation was demonstrated by an increase in the intensity of VHS sferics measured by a detection system, designated lightning detection and radar (LDAR), and a simultaneous abrupt change of the updraught wind velocity measured by Doppler radars.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/194

Date:02/20/1994
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Jensen, E.J., G.E. Thomas
Title:Numerical simulations of the effects of gravity waves on noctileucent clouds
Publication:J. Geo. Rese., 99, 3421-3430
Abstract:We have used a two-dimensional numerical model of mesospheric cloud formation to simulate the effects of internal gravity waves on the formation and appearance of ice clouds at the mesopause. We have used gravity wave parameters (amplitude, wavelength, period, etc.) consistent with measurements of gravity waves in the high-latitude mesosphre, including observations of band and billow structures in noctilucent clouds (NLCs).
Location:4
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Record ID:21/195

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Kitchen, M., J.R. Leighton, S.J. Caughey
Title:Three case studies of shallow convection using a tethered ballon
Publication:Boundary-Layer Meteor., 27, 281-308
Abstract:Simultaneous wind and droplet measurements have been made in three cloudy boundary layer using tethered balloon-brone instrumentation. The types of clouds studied ranged form dmall thin cumulus to medium cumulus (non precipitating) and stratocumulus formed by athe spreading out (shelving) of cumulus.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/196

Date:12/01/1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Klaassen, G.P., T.L. Clark
Title:Dynamics of the cloud-environment interface and entrainment in small cumuli: Two-dimensional simulations in the absence of ambient shear
Publication:Amer. Meteor. Soc., 42, 2621-2642
Abstract:We employ a two-dimensional numerical model with interacting nested domains to simulate the evolution of a small nonprecipitating cumulus cloud in the absence of shear.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/197

Date:03/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Jorgensen, D.P., M.A. LeMone
Title:Vertical velocity characteristic of oceanic convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 621-640
Abstract:Oceanic cumulonimbus updraft and downdraft events observed in the Western Pacific during the TAMEX program by NOAA P-3 research aircraft are analyzed and discussed
Location:5
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Record ID:21/198

Date:02/01/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Brummer, B., T. Fischer, S. Zank
Title:Aircraft observations of open cellular structures during Kon Tur
Publication:Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., 59, 162-184
Abstract:Four cases of aircraft observations within open cellular cloud structures over the North Sea are studied.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/199

Date:08/01/1992
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Detwiler, A.G., P.L. Smith
Title:T-28 participation in the convection and precipitation/electrification (CaPE) experiment
Publication:Report SDSMT/IAS/R-92-/04, Inst. of Atmospheric Science, S. Dakota School of Mines and Tech., Rapid City, SD 57701, 32 + appendices
Abstract:The T-28 research aircraft joined the Convection and Precipitation/Electrification (CaPe) field project as it began in east-central Florida on 1 July 1991.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/200

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Haman, K.E., S.P. Malinowski
Title:Drag effects in convective drafts
Publication:Atmos. Res., 24, 325-331
Abstract:The paper deals with parameterization of non-buoyant pressure forces in the form of drag in one-dimensional models of convective drafts.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/201

Date:10/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Kobayashi, F., K. Kikuchi
Title:A microburst phenomenon in Kita Village, Hokkaido on September 23, 1986
Publication:J. Met. Soc. Japan, 67, 925-936
Abstract:A remarkable windstorm associated with a squall line occurred in Kita Village near Sapporo, Hokkaido, 2125 JST September 23, 1986.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/202

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Konig, W., E. Ruprecht
Title:Effects of convective clouds on the large-scale vorticity budget
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 41, 213-229
Abstract:The effects of clouds on the large-scale vorticity budget are parameterized in terms of cloud mass flux and momentum differences between the cloud ensemble and the large-scale environment.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/203

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Orville, H.D., R.D. Farley, Y.C. Chi, F.J. Kopp
Title:The primary cloud physics mechanisms of microburst formation
Publication:Atmos. Res., 24, 343-357
Abstract:Several atmospheric soundings have been used as initial conditions in the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences' two-dimensional, time-dependent cloud model and have resulted in a wide range of microbursts-some very wet and some nearly dry.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/204

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Pawlowska-Mankiewicz, H.
Title:On the role of precipitation in maintenance of downdrafts in cumulonimbus clouds
Publication:Atmos. Res., 24, 333-342
Abstract:The role of precipitation in maintenance of downdrafts in cumulonimbus clouds was investigated.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/205

Date:01/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Raymond, D.J., A.M. Blyth
Title:Precipitation development in a New Mexico thunderstorm
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 115, 1397-1423
Abstract:Observations were made of a thunderstorm over Langmuir Laboratory for Atmospheric Research on 2 August 1984.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/206

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Shirooka, R., H. Uyeda, K. Kikuchi
Title:Temperature drops produced by microbursts from snow clouds in winter monsoon season in Hokkaido, Japan
Publication:J. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., 8, 367-380
Abstract:In order to investigate the structure of microbursts from snow clouds, radar and surface weather observations were carried out along the west coast of Hokkaido Island, Japan in the winter monsoon season.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/207

Date:08/15/1990
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Wolfson, M.M.
Title:Contributions to the American Meteorological Society 16th Conference on Severe Local Storms
Publication:Report No. DOT/FAA/NR-90/3, Project Report ATC-173, Lincoln Laboratory, MIT, Lexington, MA
Abstract:Eight papers contributed by the Lincoln Laboratory Weather Sensing Group to the American Meteorological Society's 16th Conference on Severe Local Storms, to be held October 22-26, 1990 in Kananaskis Provicinal Park...
Location:5
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Record ID:21/208

Date:11/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Balaji, V., T.L. Clark
Title:Scale selection in locally forced convective fields and the initiation of deep cumulus
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3188-3211
Abstract:Deep cumulus dynamics has often been treated as an intial value problem where the long time effect of surface energy fluxes are neglected. Initiation is often assumed to follow from a strong localized deformation of the flow field, which is elsewhere quiescent. In nature, however, the atmosphere is
Location:4
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Record ID:21/209

Date:12/15/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Blyth, A.J., W.A. Cooper, J.G. Jensen
Title:A study of the source of entrained air in Montana cumuli
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3944-3964
Abstract:Data gathered by the University of Wyoming King Air, the Atmospheric Environmental Services Twin Otter and an NCAR Queen Air were used in thermodynamic analyses to determine the sources of environmental air entrained into cumulus clouds.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/210

Date:03/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Fankhauser, J.C.
Title:Estimates of thunderstorm precipitaiton efficiency from field measurements in CCOPE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 663-684
Abstract:The precipitation efficiency of a small sample of thunderstorms observed in the Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment is calculated using surface and cloud-base airflow and moisture measurments and subcloud rainout based on radar reflectivity factor
Location:4
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Record ID:21/211

Date:12/15/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Knupp, K.R.
Title:Downdrafts within High Plains cumulonimbi. Part II: Dynamics and thermodynamics
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3965-3982
Abstract:The dynamical and thermodynamical properties of precipitation-associated downdrafts are examined using a Lagrangian trajectory analysis approach applied to parcels passing through the low-level downdraft of precipitating convection
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Record ID:21/212

Date:05/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(75) Weather Modification
Author:Kopp, F.J.
Title:A simulation of Alberta cumulus
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 27, 626-641
Abstract:A two-dimensional cloud model was used to simulate an Alberta, Canada, seeding experiment that was conducted on 24 July 1978, by the Alberta Research Council
Location:4
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Record ID:21/213

Date:11/01/1991
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Lee, B.D., R.D. Farley, M.R. Hjelmfelt
Title:A numerical case study of convection initiation along colliding convergence boundaries in northest Colorado
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2350-2366
Abstract:A numerical cloud model has been used to simulate convective storm development on 17 July 1987 in northwest Colorado. The study involves the simulation of convergence along atmospheric boundaries and the subsequent development of
Location:4
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Record ID:21/214

Date:07/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:LeMone, M.A.
Title:The influence of vertical wind shear on the diameter of cumulus clouds in CCOPE
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1480-1491
Abstract:The cloud-base diameters of 40 cumulus cloud traversed by aircraft on 14 days of the Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment are shown to increase with the vertical shear of the horizontal wind through cloud base.
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Record ID:21/215

Date:10/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:LeMone, M.A., L.F. Tarleton, G.M. Barnes
Title:Perturbation pressure at the base of cumulus clouds in low shear
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 2062-2068
Abstract:We examined the pressure fields around the cloud-base updraft of three cumulus clouds observed in environments with low vertical shear of the horizontal wind near cloud base. These fields are compared to the corresponding pressure fields beneath convective clouds embedded in moderate to large shear. All of the pressure
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Record ID:21/216

Date:09/01/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Lipps, F.B., R.S. Hemler
Title:Numerical simulation of deep tropical convection associated with large-scale convergence
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1796-1816
Abstract:A set of four-hour simulations has been carried out to study deep moist convection characteristic of the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE). The present model includes warm rain bulk cloud physics and effects
Location:4
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Record ID:21/217

Date:00/00/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(19) Cumulus
Author:Malinowski, S., H. Pawlowska-Mankiewicz
Title:On estimating the entrianment level in cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2463-2465
Abstract:The existence of small scale inhomogeneities in cumulus clouds leads to a rainterpreations of the experimental data on total water mixing ratio Q and wet eqivalent potential temperature theta_q. This reinterpreation indicates that the height of the level of entrained air may be sometimes overestimated
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Record ID:21/218

Date:10/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(18) Cumulonimbus
Author:Tao, W-K., J. Simpson
Title:A further study of cumulus interactions and mergers: three-dimensional simulations with trajectory analyses
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2974-3004
Abstract:A total of nine three-dimensional experiments are made to study cloud interaction and merging under the influence of different imposed conditions. Large scale lifting forcing environmental wind shear and cloud microphysical processes are the three parameters to be varied. The basic design of the study is to varied. The basic design of the study is to generate several convective clouds randomly inside the
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Record ID:21/219

Date:12/15/1992
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(23) Cumulus Parameterization
Author:Xu, K.M., A. Arakawa, S.E. Krueger
Title:The macroscopic behavior of cumulus ensembles simulated by a cumulus ensemble model
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2402-2420
Abstract:The two-dimensional UCLA cumulus ensemble model (CEM), which covers a large horizontal area with a sufficiently small horizontal grid size, is used in this study. A number of simulation experiments are performed with the CEM to study the macroscopic behavior of cumulus convection under a variety of different large-scale and underlying surface conditions
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Record ID:21/220

Date:02/01/1991
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Latorre D., C.
Title:Precipitation development in some cumulus congestus as a function of the environmental conditions in CCOPE
Publication:Atmosfera, 4, 79-86
Abstract:Radar and direct aircraft measurements are used to characterize the precipitaiton development up the mature stage at the high levels of some long-lived cumulus congestus and to estimate the precipitation efficiency at their cloud base.
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Record ID:21/221

Date:07/01/1976
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:LeMone, M.A.
Title:Modulation of turbulence energy by longitudian rolls in an unstable planetary boundary layer
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1308-1320
Abstract:Modulation of turbulence energy by longitudinal rolls in an unstable planetary boundary layer
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Record ID:21/222

Date:01/01/1983
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Mason, P.J.
Title:On the influence of variations Monin-Obukhov length on horizontal roll vortices in an inversion-capped planetary boundary layer
Publication:Boundary-layer Meteorol., 27, 43-68
Abstract:Observations of the planetary boundary layer under conditions with strong or moderate winds often show the large-scale boundary-layer motions to be highly elongated in a direction close to that of the geostrophic wind.
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Record ID:21/223

Date:01/01/1982
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Mason, P.J., R.I. Sykes
Title:A two-dimensional numerical study of horizontal roll vortices in an inversion capped planetary boundary layer
Publication:Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 108, 801-823
Abstract:The dynamics of large-scale horizontal roll vortices in an inversion capped planetary boundary layer
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Record ID:21/224

Date:01/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Reuter, G.W.
Title:Water budget and kinetic energy transformations of a mixed-phase cumulus cell: Three dimensional numerical simulation
Publication:Beitr. Phys. Atmosph, 61, 30-38
Abstract:A three-dimensional cumulus model is used to simulate isolated convection occurring on the interior plateau of southern Africa.
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Record ID:21/225

Date:04/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Roberts, R.D., J.W. Wilson
Title:A proposed microburst nowcasting procedure using single-Doppler radar
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 28, 285-303
Abstract:Thirty-one microburst-producing storms from northeast Colorado were studied using single and multiple Doppler radar for the purpose of identifying radar signatures that indicated the development of a downdraft capable of producing..
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Record ID:21/226

Date:02/01/1986
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Shirer, H.N., B. Brummer
Title:Cloud streets duirng Kon Tur: A comparison of parallel/thermal instability modes with observations
Publication:Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., 59, 150-161
Abstract:Estimates of cloud street geometry produced by a model of the parallel/thermal instability modes of shallow convection (SHIRER, 1986) are compared with observations obtained during the 1981 Kon Tur experiment
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Record ID:21/227

Date:12/01/1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Stobie, J.G., Capt.
Title:Gravity shear waves atop the cirrus layer of intense convective storms
Publication:Atmospheric Science Paper No. 246, Colorado State Univ., Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, 116 pp
Abstract:Recent visual satellite photographs of certain intense convective storms have revealed concentric wave patterns.
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Record ID:21/228

Date:01/01/1984
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Stull, R.B.
Title:Models and measurements of the interaction between the mixed layer and fair-weather cumulus clouds
Publication:From Environmental Impact of Natural Emissions, V. P. Aneja, Ed., Trans. of the APCA Special Conf., Air Pollution Control Assoc., P.O. Box 2861, Pittsburg, PA 15230, 167-176
Abstract:A stochastic scheme for modeling non-precipitating cumulus cloud-cover fraction is suggested as one way to develop the mass flux information needed for aerosol ventialation studies.
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Record ID:21/229

Date:01/01/1984
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Stull, R.B.
Title:Models and measurements of the interaction between the mixed layer and fair-weather cumulus clouds Part 2: Some preliminary measurements
Publication:From Environmental Impact of Natural Emissions, V. P. Aneja, Ed., Trans. of the APCA Special Conf., Air Pollution Control Assoc., P.O. Box 2861, Pittsburg, PA 15230, 167-176
Abstract:A meteorological field experiment called Boundary Layer Experiment - 1983 (BLX83) was conducted during May and June, 1983, near Chickasha, Oklahoma for the purpose of measuring the interaction between mid-latitude, continential,
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Record ID:21/230

Date:12/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Takaya, Y.
Title:Local instability theory in convective cloud
Publication:Pap. Met. Geophys., 40, 139-166
Abstract:A linear instability theory in clouds is developed to explain both the formation mechanism of the uneven structure on the surface of the convective cloud and the mixing or entrainment process.
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Record ID:21/231

Date:02/01/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Takaya, Y.
Title:The motion of uneven structure of convective clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 574-587
Abstract:An observational study on the motion of the uneven structure on the surface of convective clouds is carried out using a time-lapse video recorder.
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Record ID:21/232

Date:11/01/1988
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Telford, J.W., T.S. Keck
Title:Atmosphere structure generated by entrainment into clouds
Publication:Atmos. Res., 22, 191-216
Abstract:The physical principles of entrainment into clouds and the subsequent history of the cooled entrained parcels are discussed.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/233

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Telford, J.W., K.E. Kim, T.S. Keck, J. Hallett
Title:Entrainment in cumulus clouds. II; Drop size variability
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 631-653
Abstract:A new analysis method for examining the effects of entrainment subsaturated air on cloud drop sizes is described.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/234

Date:07/01/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Telford, J.W., S.K. Chai
Title:Entrainment in cumulus clouds. I: Thermodynamics and buoyancy
Publication:Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 119, 613-629
Abstract:Conclusions drawn from thermodynamic composition diagrams are examined in terms of their applicability in real conditions.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/235

Date:01/01/1984
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Walter, B.A., Jr., J.E. Overland
Title:Observations of longitudinal rolls in a near neutral atmosphere
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 200-208
Abstract:Aircraft and satellite data are used to study the structure of longitudinal roll vortices in a nearly neutral (z_i/L=-1.2, where z_i is the inversion height and L is the Monin-Obukhov length) boundary layer over the ice-covered Bering Sea during February.
Location:4
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Record ID:21/236

Date:01/01/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Simpson, J., T.D. Keenan, B. Ferrier, R.H. Simpson, G.J. Holland
Title:Cumulus mergers in the maritime continent region
Publication:Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 51, 73-99
Abstract:We examine a family of tall (up to 20 km) cumulonimbus complexities that develop almost daily over an adjacent pair of flat islands in the Maritime continent region north of Darwin, Australiz and that are known locally as
Location:5
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Record ID:21/237

Date:9/1/2000
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Xu, K.-M., D.A. Randall
Title:Explicit simulation of midlatitude cumulus ensembles: comparison with ARM data
Publication:JAS, 57, 2839-2858
Abstract:This study describes some results from several simulations of cumulus ensembles at the Southern Great Plains site of the Atmospheric Radiation Measement (ARM) program during the July 1995 Intensive Observation Period (IOP).
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Record ID:21/238

Date:01/01/2000
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(14) Cloud Physics
Author:Karol, I.L., M.A. Zatevakhin, N.A. Ozhigina, Y.E. Ozolin, R.Ramaroson, E.V. Rozanov, E.N. Stankova
Title:Nimerical model for convective cloud dynamics, microphysics, and photochemistry
Publication:Izvestiya Atmos. and Oceanic Physics, 36, 715-729
Abstract:A numerical model for a drop convection cloud with detailed icrophysics, chemistry, and radiation is presented.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/239

Date:09/01/2000
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Ahijevych, D.A., S.A. Rutledge, L.D. Carey
Title:Radar and electrical charateristics of convection observed during MCTEX
Publication:Anst. Met. Mag., 49, 165-180
Abstract:The Maritime Continent Thuderstorm Experiment (MCTEX) was conducted over the Tiwi Island 50-100 km north of Darwin, Australia, during the November-December 1995.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/240

Date:02/01/1989
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Ferrier, B.S., R.A. Houze, Jr.
Title:One-dimensional time-dependent modeling of GATE cumulonimbus convetion
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 330-352
Abstract:A one-dimensional time-dependent cumulonimbus model is designed that unlike in previous one-dimensional models, simulates cloud-top heights, vertical velocities, and water contents that are reasonably consistent with those observed in real convective cores.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/241

Date:01/01/1973
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Pastushkov, R.S.
Title:The effect of vertical wind shear on the development of convective clouds
Publication:Ocenic Phys., 9, 5-11
Abstract:The effects of the vertical shear U'o of the backgound wind on the development of an isolated three-dimensional convective cloud are studied.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/242

Date:03/15/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Siebesma, A.P., J.W. Cuijpers
Title:Evaluation of parametric assumptions for shallow cumulus convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 650-666
Abstract:A large eddy simulation (LES) model has been utilized to study nonprecipitating shallow convective clouds such as observed during the undisturbed BOMEX period in the trade wind areas.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/243

Date:12/01/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Barnes, G.M., J.C. Fankhauser, W.D. Browning
Title:Evolution of the vertical mass flux and diagnosed net lateral mixing in isolated convective clouds
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 124,2764-2784
Abstract:The evolution of the vertical mass flux in isolated cumulus and cumulus congestus clouds is documented using two King Airs during the Convection and Precipitation/Electrifation Experiment (CaPE), conducted in east-central Florida during the summer of 1991.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/244

Date:03/15/2001
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(74) Land Surface - Soil/Vegetation/Snow
Author:Lynn, B. H., W.-K. Tao
Title:A Parameterization for the Triggering of Landscape-Generated Moist Convection. Part II: Zero-Order and First-Order Closure
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 593-607
Abstract:To improve the triggering of clouds over landscape heterogeneity, it is suggested that the forcing by mesoscale circulations generated by landscape patches be included.
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Record ID:21/245

Date:03/01/2001
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:Saito, K., T. Keenan, G. holland, Kamal Puri
Title:Numerical simulation of the diurnal evolution of tropical island convection over the maritime continent
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 378-400
Abstract:Numerical simulations of the diurnal evolution of tropical island convection observed during the Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment (MCTEX) are performed using the Meteorological Research Insitute nonhydrostatic model (MRI NHM).
Location:5
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Record ID:21/246

Date:05/01/2001
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Renno, N.O.
Title:Comments on 'Frictional dissipation in a precipitating atmosphere'
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1173-1177
Abstract:Pauluis et al. argue that frictional dissipation of energy around falling hydrometeors is an important entropy source in the tropical atmosphere.
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Record ID:21/247

Date:05/01/2001
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Pauluis, O., V. Balaji, I.M. Held
Title:Reply to Renno
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1178-1179
Abstract:None
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Record ID:21/248

Date:7/01/2001
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Xu, K.M., D.A. Randal
Title:Updraft and downdraft statistics of simulated tropical and midlatitude cumulus convection
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1630-1649
Abstract:This paper presents a detailed analysis of updraft and downdraft statistics of simulated tropical oceanic and midlatitude.
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Record ID:21/249

Date:7/01/2001
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Tompkins, A. M.
Title:Organization of tropical convection in low vertical wind shears: The role of cold pools
Publication:J.Atmos. Sci, 58, 1650-1672
Abstract:An investigation is conducted to document the role convectively generated cold pools play in determining the spatial organization of tropical deep convection.
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Record ID:21/250

Date:7/01/2001
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Carr, M.T., C.S. Bretherton
Title:Convective Momentum Transport over the Tropical Pacific: Budget Estimates
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1673-1693
Abstract:ECMWF and NCEP-NCAR reanalyses are used to calculate momentum transport (CMT) as a momentum budget residual over several tropical oceanic convective regions, including the TOGA COARE Intensive Flux Array (IFA).
Location:Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:21/251

Date:01/01/2001
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Stiller, O., G.C. Craig
Title:A scaling hypothesis for moist convective updraghts
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 127, 1552-1570
Abstract:The mixing of air between clouds and their enviroment is investigated with the help of a simplified model problem that contains only a small number of dynamically relevant parameters whose influence can be systematically explored.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/252

Date:06/15/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Alexander, M.J., J. R. Holton, D.R. Durran
Title:The gravity wave response above deep convection in a squall line simulation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2212-2226
Abstract:High-frequency gravity wave generated by convective storms likely play and important role in the general circulation of the middle atmosphere. Yet little is known about waves from this source.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/253

Date:01/15/1992
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fritts, D.C., G.D. Nastrom
Title:Sources of mesoscale variability of gravity waves. Part II: Frontal, convective, and jet stream excitation
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 111-127
Abstract:We present studies of four cases of mesoscale variance enhancements of horizontal velocity and temperature due to front activity, nonfrontal convection, and wind shear.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/254

Date:11/27/1997
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Sato, K., Dunkerton, T.J.
Title:Estimates of Momentum Flux Associated with Equatorial Kelvin and Gravity Waves
Publication:J. of Geo. Res. Vol. 102
Abstract:A new direct method is proposed to estimate momentum flux based on the theory of slowly varying gravity waves
Location:5
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Record ID:21/255

Date:08/27/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Rosenlof, K.H.
Title:Summer Hemisphere Differences in Temperature and Transport in the Lower Stratosphere
Publication:J.of Geo. Res. Vol.101 pp. 19129-19136
Abstract:Lower stratospheric temperatures during southern hemisphere summer are found to be warmer than that at the same latitude
Location:5
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Record ID:21/256

Date:07/16/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Alexander, M.J., Holton, J.R.
Title:A model Study of Zonal Forcing in the Equatorial Stratosphere by Convectively Induced Waves
Publication:J. of Atmos. Sci. Vol. 54
Abstract:A two-dimensional Cloud-resolving model is used to examine the possible role of gravity waves generated by a simulated tropical squall line
Location:5
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Record ID:21/257

Date:08/01/1995
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Alexander, M.J., Pfister, L.
Title:Gravity Wave Momentum Flux in the Lower Stratosphere Over Convection
Publication:Geo. Res. Letters Vol.22
Abstract:Tis work describes a method for estimating vertical fluxes of horizontal momentum carried by short horizontal scale gravity waves
Location:5
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Record ID:21/258

Date:10/27/1996
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Alexander, M.J., Rosenlof, K.H.
Title:Nonstationary Gravity Wave Forcing of the Stratospheric Zonal Mea Wind
Publication:J. of Geo. Res. Vol.101
Abstract:The role of gravity wave forcing in the zonal mean circulation of the stratosphere is discussed.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/259

Date:12/28/1994
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Kershaw, R.
Title:Parametrization of Momentum Transport by Convectively Generated Gravity
Publication:Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.
Abstract:A parametrization equation for momentum flux due to convectively generated gravity waves is derived and tested numerically.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/260

Date:10/20/1981
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Lindzen, R.S.
Title:Turbulence and Stress Owing to Gravity wave and Tidal Breakdown
Publication:J. of Geo. Res. Vol.86
Abstract:It has been suggested that turbulence in the upper mesosphere from the unstable breakdown of tides and gravity waves.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/261

Date:01/01/1997
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:McFarlane, N., McLandress, C., Beagley, S.
Title:Seasonal Simulations with the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model: Sensitivity to a Combinaton of Orographic and Doppler Spread Parameterizations of Gravity Wave Drag
Publication:NATO ASI Series, Vol. 50
Abstract:The doppler spread parameterization is used to represent the effects of a background spectrum of non-orographic gravity waves
Location:5
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Record ID:21/262

Date:04/19/1990
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Haynes, P.H., Marks, C.J., McIntyre, M.E., Shepherd, T.G., Shine, K.P.
Title:On the
Publication:J. of Atmos. Sci.
Abstract:The situation considered is that of a zonally symmetric model of the middle atmosphere subject to a given Quasi-steady zonal force
Location:5
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Record ID:21/263

Date:01/06/1994
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Garcia, R.R., Boville, B.A.
Title:
Publication:J. of Atmos. Sci.
Abstract:According to the
Location:5
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Record ID:21/264

Date:03/23/1993
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fritts, D.C., Lu, W.
Title:Spectral Estimates of Gravity Wave Energy and Momentum Fluxes. Part II: Parameterization of Wave Forcing and Variability
Publication:J. of Atmos Sci.
Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to suggest a scheme for the parameterization of gravity wave propagation and effects
Location:5
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Record ID:21/265

Date:05/15/2000
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Cohen, C.
Title:A Quantitative Investigation of Entrainment and Detrainment in Numerically Simulated Cumulonimbus Clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1657-1674
Abstract:A method is developed that uses numerical tracers to make accurate diagnoses of entrainment and detrainment rates and of the properties of the entrained and detrained air in numerically simulated clouds.
Location:5
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Record ID:21/266

Date:1992
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Cotton
Title:Cloud Dynamics
Publication:Encyclopedia of Earth System Science, Vol. 1, Academic Press Inc., 535-544
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 28
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Record ID:21/267

Date:1985
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
(75) Weather Modification
Author:Levy, Cotton
Title:A numerical investigation of mechanisms linking glaciation of the ice-phase to the boundary layer
Publication:J. Clim. Appl. Met., 23, 1505-1519
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 22
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Record ID:21/268

Date:1980
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Tripoli, Cotton
Title:A Numerical investigation of several factors contributing to the observed variable intensity of deep convection over South Florida
Publication:J. Appl. Met., 19, 9
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 16
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Record ID:21/269

Date:1979
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Cotton, Tripoli
Title:Implications of recent three-dimensional simulations of convective clouds over Florida
Publication:7th Conference on Inadvertent and Planned Weather Modification, 8-12 Oct.
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 14
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Record ID:21/270

Date:1975
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Cotton
Title:Theoretical cumulus dynamics
Publication:Rev. of Geo. and Space Phys., 13, 419-448
Abstract:none.
Location:reprints box 7
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Record ID:21/271

Date:04/01/2004
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Doswell, C.A., III, P.M. Markowski
Title:Is buoyancy a relative quantity?
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 853-863
Abstract:Basic concepts of buoyancy are reviewed and considered first in light of simple parcel theory and then in a more complete form.
Location:6
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Record ID:21/272

Date:10/01/2003
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Bryan, G.H., J.C. Wyngaard, J.M. Fritsch
Title:Resolution requirements for the simulation of deep moist convection
Publication:Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2394-2416
Abstract:The spatial resolution appropriate for the simulation of deep moist convection is addressed from a turbulence perspective.
Location:6
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Record ID:21/273

Date:07/01/2005
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Agrawal, A.
Title:A conceptual model for entrainment in cumulus clouds
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2602-2606.
Abstract:Cumulus clouds are generally modeled as a plume, and the model works well up until the cloud base is encountered, beyond which the continuously entraining model does not appear appropriate.
Location:6
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Record ID:21/274

Date:05/01/2006
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Damiani, R., G. Vali, S. Haimov
Title:The structure of thermals in cumulus from airborne dual-Doppler radar observations
Publication:J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1432-1450.
Abstract:A newly developed technique for airborne dual-Doppler observations with the Wyoming Cloud Radare is used to characterize the velocity fields in vertical planes across cumulus turrets.
Location:6
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Record ID:21/275

Date:01/01/2006
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Stith, J.L., J. Haggerty, C. Grainger, A. Detwiler
Title:A comparison of the microphysical and kimematic characteristics of mid-latitude and tropical convective updrafts and downdrafts
Publication:Atmos. Res., 82, 350-366.
Abstract:Airborne measurements of updraft speeds, liquid water content and other microphysical parameters were measured in convective storms during two mid-latitude summers in North Dakota, USA, and in two tropical locations...
Location:6
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Record ID:21/276

Date:02/01/2007
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Fan, J., R. Zhang, G. Li, W. Tao, and X. Li
Title:Simulations of cumulus clouds using a spectral microphysics cloud-resolving model,
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 112, D04201, doi:10.1029/2006JD007688
Abstract:We have investigated the effects of aerosols on the development of cumulus clouds using a two-dimensional spectral-bin cloud-resolving model. A convective cloud event occurring on 24 August 2000 in Houston, Texas, was simulated and the model results were compared with available radar and rain gauge measurements.
Location:6
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Record ID:21/277

Date:06/01/2007
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
(45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:Dye,J.E., M. G. Bateman, H. J. Christian, E. Defer, C. A. Grainger, W. D. Hall, E. P. Krider, S. A. Lewis, D. M. Mach, F. J. Merceret, J. C. Willett, P. T. Willis
Title:Electric fields, cloud microphysics, and reflectivity in anvils of Florida thunderstorms
Publication:J. Geophys. Res., 112, D11215, doi:10.1029/2006JD007550
Abstract:A coordinated aircraft–radar project that investigated the electric fields, cloud microphysics, and radar reflectivity of thunderstorm anvils near Kennedy Space Center is described. Measurements from two cases illustrate the extensive nature of the microphysics and electric field observations.
Location:http://www.agu.org/contents/journals/ViewJournalContents.do?journalCode=JD&viewBy=date&year=2007&month=Jun&sortBy=pubDate
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Record ID:21/278

Date:04/01/2007
Subject:(21) Cumulus Dynamics
Author:Früh, B., V. Wirth
Title:Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) in mixed phase cloud conditions
Publication:Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Volume 133, Issue 624, DOI: 10.1002/qj.39, 561-569.
Abstract:An approximate but pragmatic approach is presented to define Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) in mixed phase cloud conditions. The underlying process calls for mixed (i.e. liquid and ice) phase parcels and assumes the liquid fraction to be a unique function of temperature.
Location:6
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Record ID:21/279

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