Cotton Library Subject Index

Date:	10/01/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ansmann, A., J. Bosenberg, G. Brogniez, S. Elouragini, P.H. Elamant, K. Klapheck, H. Linn, L. Meneger, W. Michaelis, M. Riebesell, C. Senff, P.-Y. Thro, U. Wandinger, C. Weitkamp
Title:	Lidar network observations of cirrus morphological and scattering properties during the International Cirrus Experiment 1989: The October 1989 case study statistical analysis
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 32, 1608-1622
Abstract:	Four lidars, located roughly 75 km from each other in the inner German Bight of the North
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Record ID:	11/1

Date:	11/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ackerman, S.A., W.L. Smith, J.D. Spinhirne, H.E. Revercomb
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE IFO cirrus case study: Spectral properties of cirrus clouds in the 8-12 mu m window
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2377-2388
Abstract:	Lidar and high spectral resoltuion infrared radiance observations taken on board the ER-2 on 28 Oct 1986 are used to study the radiative properties of cirrus cloud in the 8-12 mu m window ragion. Measurements from the high-spectral resolution interferometer sounder (HIS) indicate that the spectral variations of the equivalent blackbody temperature
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Record ID:	11/2

Date:	01/01/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Baum, B.A., B.A. Wielicki
Title:	Cirrus cloud retrieval using infrared sounding data: Multilevel cloud errors
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 33, 107-117
Abstract:	In this study we perform an error analysis for cloud-top pressure retrieval using the High-Resolution Infrared Radiometric Sounder (HIRS/2) 15- m CO_2 channels for the two-layer case of transmissive cirrus overlying an overcast, ipaque stratiform cloud. This analysis includes standard deviation and bias error due to instrument noise
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Record ID:	11/3

Date:	09/15/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ditwiler, A., V. Ramaswamy
Title:	Radiative heating profiles in simple cirrus cloud systems
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2167-2176
Abstract:	Results from one-dimensional cirrus cloud model simulations in the absence of upward velocities are used to show that the gorwth/sublimation of the ice particles in the cloud, and the fact that they are falling, can be important factors in determining the net heating rate in the air through which these clouds settle. The vertical profiles of the heating rate inside the cloud are stretched as a result of the
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Record ID:	11/4

Date:	09/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Dowling, D.R., LF. Radke
Title:	A summary of the physical properties of cirrus clouds
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 29, 970-978
Abstract:	A review of existing literature is made to determine typical values for the physical properties of cirrus clouds. The properties examined (with typical values and measured ranges) are cloud-center altitude (9 km, 4 to 20 km), cloud thickness (1.5 km, 0.1 to 8 km) crystal number density (30 L^{-1}, 10^{-4}, to
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Record ID:	11/5

Date:	07/01/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Fu, Q., K.N. Liou
Title:	Parameterization of the radiative properties of cirrus clouds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2008-2025
Abstract:	A new approach for parameterization of the broadband solar and infrared radiative properties of ice clouds has been developed. This parameterization scheme integrates in a coherent manner the delta-four-stream approximation for radiative transfer the correlated k-distribution method for nongray gaseous absorption, and the scattering and
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Record ID:	11/6

Date:	11/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Grund, C.J., E.W. Eloranta
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE IFO cirrus case study: Cloud optical properties determined by high spectral resolution lidar
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2344-2355
Abstract:	During the FIRE cirrus IFO, the High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) was operated from a roof top site on the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus. Because the HSRL technique separately measures the molecular and cloud particle backscatter components of the lidar return, the optical thickness is determined independent of particle backscatter. This is
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Record ID:	11/7

Date:	07/01/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Manner, P.D., R.P.J. Valero, S. Kinne
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE Cirrus Case Study: Retrieval of cloud particle sizes and optical depths from comparative analysis of aircraft and satellite-based infrared measurements
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1673-1692
Abstract:	Infrared radiance measurements were acquired from a narrow-field nadir-viewing radiometer based on the NASA ER-2 aircraft during a coincident Landsat 5 overpass on 28 October 1986 as part of the FIRE Cirrus
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Record ID:	11/8

Date:	08/15/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (49) Mountain Meteorology
Author:	Strom, J., J. Heintzenberg
Title:	Water vapor, condensed water, and crystal concentration in orographically influenced Cirrus clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2368-2383.
Abstract:	Results are presented from measurements made with a counterflow virtual impactor (CVI) in cirriform clouds containing crystals with dimensins typically less than 30 um. Independent measurements of crystal number concentration and cloud water content are presented, and for the first time consistent instrumentation is used to measure both the cloud condensate and water vapor.
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Record ID:	11/9

Date:	08/01/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heckman, S.T., W.R. Cotton
Title:	Mesoscale numerical simulation of cirrus cloud--FIRE case study and sensitivity analysis
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2264-2284
Abstract:	The 28 October 1986 First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE_ case was simulated using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System developed at CSU. This three-dimensional mesoscale model was applied in nonhydrostatic and nested-grid model using explicit, bulk microphysics and radiation. The simulation resulted in very good agreement between
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Record ID:	11/10

Date:	08/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heymsfield, A.J., L.J. Donner
Title:	A scheme for parameterizing ice-cloud water content in general circulation models
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1865-1877
Abstract:	The opticla properties of ice clouds are a primary issue for climate and climate change. Evaluating these optical properties in three-dimensional models for studying climate will require a method to calculate the ice water content of such clouds. A proedures is developed to parameterize ice water
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Record ID:	11/11

Date:	11/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heymsfield, A.J., K.M. Miller, J.D. Spinhirne
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 fIRE IFO Cirrus Case Study: Cloud microstructure
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2313-2328
Abstract:	The temperature and windfield structures and hydrometeor composition of cirrus clouds sampled by the NCAR King Air and Sabreliner aircraft on 28 October 1986 near Madison, Wisconsin are described as part of a case study that examines cirrus cloud radiative and microphysical properties. Two cloud layers were sampled from top to base. The upper layer was found at altitudes
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Record ID:	11/12

Date:	04/01/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heymsfield, A.J., L.M. Miloshevich, A. Slingo, K. Sassen, D. O'C. Starr
Title:	An observational and theoretical study of high supercooled altocumulus
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 923-945
Abstract:	Two altocumulus clouds, which formed at a temperature of -30 \deg C, were sampled using the NCAR King Air aircraft and coincident lidar during the 1986 FIRE cirrus experiment in Wisconsin. The clouds were structurally and thermodynamicall similar to statocumulus, with extensive cloud top entrainment, a capping temperature inversion, and a dry layer above
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Record ID:	11/13

Date:	06/01/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Intrieri, J.M., G.L. Stephens, W.L. Eberhard, T. Uttal
Title:	A method for determining cirrus cloud particle sizes usin lidar and radar backscatter technique
Publication:	J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1074-1082
Abstract:	A method to determine cirrus cloud effective radii remotely using lidar and radar backscatter data is presented. The difference in backscattered returns from instruments widely separated in wavelength holds information on the characteristic sizes of the scatters
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Record ID:	11/14

Date:	10/01/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Kastner, M., K.T. Kriebel, R. Meerkotter, W. Renger, G.H. Ruppersberg, P. Wendling
Title:	Comparison of cirrus height and opticla depth derived from satellite and aircraft measurements
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2708-2717
Abstract:	During the International Cirrus Experiment (ICE'89) simultaneous measurements of cirrus cloud-top height and opticla depth by satellite and aircraft have been taken. Data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard
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Record ID:	11/15

Date:	05/01/1992
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Kinne, S., T.P. Ackerman, A.J. Heymsfield, F.P.J. Valero, K. Sassen, J.D. Spinhirne
Title:	Cirrus microphysics and radiative transfer: Cloud field study on 28 October 1986
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 661-684
Abstract:	Cloud data acquired during the cirrus intensive field operation of FIRE 86 are analyzed for a 70 times 75-km squared cirrus cloud field that passed
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Record ID:	11/16

Date:	11/01/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Kuo, K.S., R.M. Welch, S.K. Sengupta
Title:	Structural and textural characteristics of cirrus cloud observed using high spatial resolution LANDSAT imagery
Publication:	J. Appl. Meteor., 27, 1272-1260
Abstract:	Twelve cirrus scenes are analyzed to determine textural and structural features using LANDSAT imagery. The main structural characteristics are: 1) cirrus cloud size distributions obey a power law, with larger cloud cells (D-1.5 km) having smaller slopes than smaller cloud elements; 2) convective-type
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Record ID:	11/17

Date:	05/15/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Liou, K-N., P.J. Francisco, L. Pfister
Title:	Heating rates in tropical anvils
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1606-1623
Abstract:	The interaction of infrared and solar radiation with tropical cirrus anvils is addressed
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Record ID:	11/18

Date:	05/15/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Lilly, D.K.
Title:	Cirrus outflow dynamics
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1594-1603
Abstract:	Cirrus outflow plumes form deep convection are analyzed as dynamically and thermodynamically active systems
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Record ID:	11/19

Date:	04/15/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Matrosov, S.Y.
Title:	Theortical study of radar polarization parameters obtained from cirrus clouds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1062-1070
Abstract:	A theoretical investigation of radar polarization parameters that characterize cloud ice backscattering is presented. The parameters considered were those commonly used in radar polarimetrics such as differential reflectivity (Z sub DR), linear depolarization ratio (LDR), intrinsic degree of orientation (ORTT) as well as conventional reflectivities. Experimental data on the shapes of ice crystals and their
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Record ID:	11/20

Date:	05/01/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Matrosov, S.Y., B.W. Orr, R.A. Kropfli, J.B. Snider
Title:	Retrieval of vertical profiles of cirrus cloud microphysical parameters from Doppler radar and infrared radiometer measurements
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 33, 617-626
Abstract:	This paper describes a new method to retrieve vertical profiles of the parameters of cirrus cloud microphysics that are important for the estimation of climatic feedback. These parameters are the particle characteristics size of ice mass content. The method also allows claculations of vertical profiles
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Record ID:	11/21

Date:	04/01/1992
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Menzel, W.P., D.P. Wylie, K.I. Strabala
Title:	Seasonal and dirunal changes in cirrus clouds as seen in four years of observations with the VAS
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 31, 370-385
Abstract:	GOES VAS multispectral observations in the carbon dioxide absorption band at 15 mu m have been used to complile cloud-cover statistics over the continental United States for the past 4 years. The CO_2 techniue calculates both cloud-top
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Record ID:	11/22

Date:	05/01/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Minnis, P., K-N. Liou, Y. Takano
Title:	Inference of cirrus cloud properties using satellite-observed visible infrared radiances. Part I: Parameterization of radiance fields
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1279-1304
Abstract:	Current techniques for deriving cirrus opticla depth and altitude from visible (0.64 mu m) and inrared (11.5 mu m) satellite data use radiative transfer calculations based onscattering phase functions of spherical water droplets. This study exmaines the impact of using
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Record ID:	11/23

Date:	05/01/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Minnis, P., P.W. Heck, D.F. Young
Title:	Inference of cirrus cloud properties using satellite-observed visible and infrared radiances. Part II: Verification of theoretical cirrus radiative properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1305-1322
Abstract:	A methodology is developed to apply a parameterization of radiative transfer calculations to satellite analyses of cirrus cloud. Cloud heights and optical depths are derived from visible and infrared window measurements taken during the FIRS ISCCP (International Satellite
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Record ID:	11/24

Date:	03/15/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Mitchell, D.L.
Title:	A model predicting the evolution of ice particle size spectra and radiative properties of cirrus clouds. Part I: Microphysics
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 797-816
Abstract:	A Lagrangian time-dependent three-dimensional model was developed that predicts the evolution of ice particle size spectra in cirrus clouds in terms of the growth processes of vapor diffusion and aggregation, as
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Record ID:	11/25

Date:	03/15/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Mitchell, D.L., W.P. Arnott
Title:	A model predicting the evolution of ice particle size spectra and radiative properties of cirrus clouds. Part II: Dependence of absorption and extinction on ice crystal morphology
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 187-832
Abstract:	This study builds upon the microphysical modeling described in Part I by deriving formulations for the extinction and absorption coefficients in terms of the size distribution parameters predicted from the
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Record ID:	11/26

Date:	05/01/1981
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Platt, C.M.R., A.C. Dilley
Title:	Remote sounding of high clouds. IC: Observed temperature variations in cirrus optical properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1069-1082
Abstract:	The results of a ruby lidar (0.694 mu m wavelength) and infrared radiometers (10-12 mu m) study on cirrus clouds are reproted for a period covering the autumn and winter months as Aspendale (30 deg S, 144 deg E). The lidar and radiometere data have been used to study the temperature dependence of the gross structure and opticla properties of cirrus clouds.
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Record ID:	11/27

Date:	1/1/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Fu, Q., Y. Takano
Title:	On the limitation of using asymmetry factor for radiative transfer involving cirrus clouds
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 34, 299-308
Abstract:	We investigate the limitation of using the asymmetry factor through the Henyey-Greenstein function in representing the scattering phase function for radiative transfer in ice clouds containing hexagonal ice crystals. Relative accuracy checks for solar fluxes are carried out using three cirrus cloud size distributions.
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Record ID:	11/28

Date:	00/00/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, I., D.O'C. Starr
Title:	Microphysical and radiative development of a cirrus cloud during FIRE: Implications for dynamical effects
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 34, 43-52
Abstract:	Data for this study were collected over Minnesota on 19 October, 1986 during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) Regional Experiment (FIRE) cirrus field campaign. Broadband radiometers mounted on the top and bottom of the NCAR King Air and Saberliner aircraft were used to measure irradiances. Constant altitude flight legs were flown at various altitudes within cirrus clouds.
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Record ID:	11/29

Date:	00/00/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Mizuno, H., T. Matsuo, M. Murakami, Y. Yamada
Title:	Microstructure of cirrus clouds observed by HYVIS
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 32, 115-124
Abstract:	In situ ovservations of cirrus clouds were carried out using a special sonde, the hydrometeor videosonde (HYVIS), at Tsukuba, Japan, in June 1989. The HYVIS provided direct images of cloud particles of 7 micrometers to 1 cm in size by radio.
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Record ID:	11/30

Date:	02/01/1987
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Platt, C.M.R., J.C. Scott, A.C. Dilley
Title:	Remote sounding of high clouds. Part VI: Optical properties of midlatitude and tropical cirrus
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 729-747
Abstract:	A lidar (0.694 mu wavelength) and a passive radiometer (10-12 mu m) have been used together to remotely sense the optical properties and gross structure of cirrus (the LIRAD method). This article reports on observations of midlatitude cirrus taken during two extended experiments
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Record ID:	11/31

Date:	04/01/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Prabhakara, C., R.S. Fraser, G. Dalu, M.-L. C. Wu, R.J. Curran, T. Styles
Title:	This cirrus clouds: Seasonal distribution over oceans deduced from Nimbus-4 IRIS
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 27, 379-399
Abstract:	Spectral differences in the extinction between the 10.8 and 12.6 bands of the infrared window region due to optically thin clouds, are observed in the measurements made by a broad-band infrared aircraft radiometer
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Record ID:	11/32

Date:	12/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Prabhakara, C., J-M. Yoo, G. Dalu, R.S. Fraser
Title:	Deep optical thin cirrus clouds in the polar regions. Part I: Infrared extinction characteristics
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 29, 1313-1329
Abstract:	The spectral data obtained by the Infrared Interferometer Spectrometer (IRIS) flown on Nimbus 4 satellite in 1970 indicated the existence of optically thin ice clouds in the upper troposphere that probably extended into lower stratosphere, in the polar regions during winter and early spring
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Record ID:	11/33

Date:	11/01/1986
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ramaswamy, V., A. Detwiler
Title:	Interdependence of radiation and microphysics in cirrus clouds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2289-2301
Abstract:	The important microphysical relationships determining the radiative properties and growth of ice crystals in stratiform cirrus clouds are investigated. A horizontally infinite cloud layer is modeled in the midlatitude upper troposphere. Optical properties of spheres of equal surface area are assumed
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Record ID:	11/34

Date:	07/15/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ramaswamy, V, V. Ramanathan
Title:	Solar absorption by cirrus clouds and the maintenance of the tropical upper troposphere thermal structure
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2293-2310
Abstract:	Radiative transfer calculations employing observed values of the ice crystal size distribution demonstrate that the absorption of solar radiation by cirrus clouds can make a significant contribution to the diabatic heating of the upper tropsphere
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Record ID:	11/35

Date:	11/01/1992
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., B.S. Cho
Title:	Subvisual-thin cirrus lidar dataset for satellite verification and climatological research
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 31, 1275-1285
Abstract:	polarization (0.694-mu m wavelength) lidar dataset for subvisual and thin (bluish-colored) cirrus clouds is drawn from Project FIRE (First ISCCP Regional Experiment) entered time observations. The clouds are characterized by their day-night
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Record ID:	11/36

Date:	00/00/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., G. Dodd
Title:	Haze particle nucleation simulations in cirrus clouds, and applications for numerical and lidar studies
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3005-3014
Abstract:	A one-dimensional cloud microphysical model is applied to exploring the basic conditions under which ice crystal nucleation, from homogeneous freezing of ammonium sulfate haze particles, can occur in currs clouds at temperatures -35 deg C. Cirrus generating regions maintained by uniform updrafts
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Record ID:	11/37

Date:	04/15/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., G.C. Dodd
Title:	Homogeneous nucleation rate for highly supercooled cirrus cloud droplets
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1357-1369
Abstract:	A mixed-phase hydrometeor growth model has been applied to determining the nucleation model and rate responsible for the glaciation of a highly supercooled liquid cloud studied jointly by ground-based polarization lidar and aircraft in situ probes
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Record ID:	11/38

Date:	02/01/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., M.K. Griffin, G.C. Dodd
Title:	Optical scattering and microphysical properties of subvisual cirrus clouds, and climatic implications
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 28, 91-98
Abstract:	The optical and microphysical properties of subvisual cirrus clouds are derived from ground-based polarization lidar, shortwave radiation flux, and solar corona measurements of two -0.75 km deep cirrus located near the tropopause
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Record ID:	11/39

Date:	11/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Assen, K., C.J. Grund, J.D. Spinhirne, M.M. Hardesty, J.M. Alvarez
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE IFO cirrus case study: A five lidar overview of cloud structure and evolution
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2288-2311
Abstract:	Opticla remote sensing measurements of cirrus cloud properties were collected by one airborne and four ground-based lidar systems over a 32-h period during this case study from the First ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Program) Regional Experiment (FIRE) Intensive Field Observation (IFO) program. The lidar
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Record ID:	11/40

Date:	02/01/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., D.O'C. Starr, T. Uttal
Title:	Mesoscale and microscale of cirrus clouds: Three case studies
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 371-396
Abstract:	The structure and composition of three basic cloud types are examined through coordinated aircraft and ground-based polarization lidar and radar measurements
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Record ID:	11/41

Date:	06/01/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Shiobara, M., C. Asano
Title:	Estimation of cirrus optical thickness from sun photometer measurement
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 33, 672-681
Abstract:	A method is proposed to estimate the optical thickness of cirrus clouds drom ground-based sun photometry. Transfer calculationsof solar radiation of ice clouds were made by the Monte Carlo method. A scattering phase function presented by Takano and Liou was
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Record ID:	11/42

Date:	11/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Smith, W.L., Jr., P.F. Hein, S.K. Cox
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE IFO cirrus case study: In situ observations of radiation and dynamic properties of a cirrus cloud layer
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2389-2401
Abstract:	On 28 October 1986 the NCAR Sabreliner observed a cirrus cloud layer in the vicinity of Green Bay, Wisconsin. A portion of each flight leg was conducted over western Lake Michigan and over the adjacent western shore. The cirrus layer would be qualitatively...
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Record ID:	11/43

Date:	06/15/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Lau, K.-M., C.-H. Sui, M.-D. Chou, W.-K. Tao
Title:	An inquiry into the cirrus-cloud thermostat effect for tropical sea surface temperature
Publication:	Geophys. Res. Letters, 21, 1157-1160
Abstract:	In this paper, we investigate the relative importance of local versus remote control on cloud radiative forcing using a cumulus ensemble model.
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Record ID:	11/44

Date:	11/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Spinhirne, J.D., W.D. Hart
Title:	Cirrus structure and radiative parameters from airborne lidar and spectral radiometer observations: The 28 October 1986 FIRE study
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2329-2343
Abstract:	Remote sensing and imaging spectral radiometer observations were obtained from the ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft during the 1986 FIRE cirrus missions. The dual polarization lidar measurements were nadir directed with 7.5 m vertical and 40 m horizontal
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Record ID:	11/45

Date:	09/01/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Stackhouse, P.W., Jr., G.L. Stephens
Title:	A theoretical and observational study of the radiative properties of cirrus: Results from FIRE 1986
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2044-2059
Abstract:	A two-stream radiative transfer model is used to examine the radiative properties of cirrus clouds and compare simulations with the observations made during the cirrus FIRE IFO. The sensitivity of cirrus cloud radiative
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Record ID:	11/46

Date:	12/01/1985
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Starr, D.O'C., S.K. Cox
Title:	Cirrus clouds. Part I: A cirrus cloud model
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2663-2681
Abstract:	A two-dimensional (x,z) time-dependent numerical cloud model is developed for the purpose of investigating the role of various physical processes involved in the maintenance of cirriform clouds. In addition to accounting for dynamic and thermodynamic
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Record ID:	11/47

Date:	12/01/1985
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Starr, D.O'C., S.K. Cox
Title:	Cirrus clouds. Part II: Numerical experiments on the formation and maintenance of cirrus
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2682-2694
Abstract:	The numerical cirrus cloud model of Starr and Cox is used to investigate the role of various physical processes in the formation and maintenance of cirrus. Effects due to microphysical composition, i.e.,
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Record ID:	11/48

Date:	11/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Starr, D.O'C., D.P. Wylie
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE cirrus case study: Meteorology and clouds
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2259-2287
Abstract:	Detailed description of the rawinsonde-resolved meteorological conditions (3-hourly soundings) associated with a succession of five distinct mesoscale cirrus-cloud regimes, which were observed intensely over a 36-hour period, is given. The synoptic scale systems in which these features were embedded are described and a brief overview of the experiment area given. Regional analyses of the static stability structure and vertical motion are
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Record ID:	11/49

Date:	05/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Stone, R.S., G.L. Stephens, C.M.R. Platt, S. Banks
Title:	The remote sensing of thin cirrus cloud using satellites, lidar and radiative transfer theory
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 29, 353-366
Abstract:	The problem of retrieving cirrus cloud optical depth from radiance measurements made by instruments aboard operational meteorological satellites is addressed. A method if proposed that exploits the relationship between observed differences
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Record ID:	11/50

Date:	11/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Suttle, J.T., A.J. Heymsfield, R.M. Welch, J.D. Spinhirne, M-Li.C. Wu, D.O'C. Starr, L. Parker, R.F. Arduini
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE IFO cirrus case study: Comparison of radiative transfer theory with observations by satellite and aircraft
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2356-2376
Abstract:	Observations of cirrus and altocumulus clouds during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project Regional Experiment (FIRE) are compared to theoretical models of cloud radiative properties
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Record ID:	11/51

Date:	01/01/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	T. Yoshihide, K-H., Liou
Title:	Solar radiative transfer in cirrus clouds. Part I: Single-scattering and optical properties of hexagonal ice crystals
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3-19
Abstract:	We have developed an efficient light scattering and polarization program, based on a ray-tracing technique, for hexagonal ice crystals randomly and horizontally oriented in space
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Record ID:	11/52

Date:	01/01/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Takano, Y., K-N. Liou
Title:	Solar radiative transfer in cirrus clouds. Part II: Theory and computation of multiple scattering in an anisotropic medium
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 20-36
Abstract:	We have developed a theoretical framework for the computation of the transfer of solar radiation in an anisotropic medium with particular application to oriented ice crystals in cirrus clouds
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Record ID:	11/53

Date:	08/01/1992
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Takano, Y., K-N. Liou, P. Minnis
Title:	The effects of small ice crystals on cirrus infrared radiative properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1487-1493
Abstract:	Using a model that combines single-scattering properties for spheroidal and hexagonal ice crystals, the thermal infrared radiative properties of cirrus clouds have been investigated. Infrared scattering and absorption properties for randomly
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Record ID:	11/54

Date:	00/00/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Francis, P.N., A. Jones, R.W. Saunders, K.P. Shine, A. Slingo, Z. Sun
Title:	An observational and theoretical study of the radiative properties of cirrus: Some results from ICE'89
Publication:	Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 809-848
Abstract:	Observations of the microphysical and radiative properties of two cirrus clouds are reported.
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Record ID:	11/55

Date:	01/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (2) Aerosols & Aerosols (Scavenging)
Author:	Sassen, K., D. O'C. Starr, G.G. Mace, M.R. Poellot, S.H. Melfi, W.L. Eberhard, J.D. Spinhirne, E.W. Eloranta, D.E. Hagen, J. Hallett
Title:	The 5-6 December 1991 FIRE IFO II jet stream cirrus case study: Possible influences of volcanic aerosols.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 97-123
Abstract:	In presenting an overview of the cirrus clouds comprehensively studied by ground-based and airborne sensors from Coffeyville, Kansas, during the 5-6 December 1992 Project FIRE IFO II case study period, evidence is provided that volcanic aerosols from the June 1991 Pinatubo eruptions may have significantly influenced the formation and maintenance of the cirrus.
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Record ID:	11/56

Date:	04/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Takano, Y., K.N. Liou
Title:	Radiative transfer in cirrus clouds. Part III: Light scattering by irregular ice crystals
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 818-837
Abstract:	A new Monte Carlo/geometric ray-tracing method has been developed for the computation of the scattering, absorption, and polarization properties of ice crystals with various irregular structure, including hollow columns, bullet rosettes, dendrites, and capped columns. The shapes of these ice crystals are defined by appropriate geometric models and incident coordinate systems.
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Record ID:	11/57

Date:	00/00/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Smith, R.N.B.
Title:	A scheme for predicting layer clouds and their water content in a general circulation model
Publication:	Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 116, 435-460
Abstract:	A cloud water variable has been included in the Meteorological Office Atmospheric General Circulation Model.
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Record ID:	11/58

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Nakajima, T.Y., T. Nakajima
Title:	Wide-area determination of cloud microphysical properties from NOAA AVHRR measurements for FIRE and ASTEX regions.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4043-4059.
Abstract:	A method for satellite remote sensing of cloud optical thickness and effective particle radius has been developed to apply to NOAA AVHRR multispectral radiance data.
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Record ID:	11/59

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, I., D. O'C. Starr, A.J. Heymsfield, T. Uttal, T.P. Ackerman, D.L. Westphal
Title:	Dynamical characteristics of cirrus clouds from aircraft and radar observations in micro and meso-y scales.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4060-4078
Abstract:	Cirrus clouds that formed on 26 November and 6 December 1991 during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project Regional Experiment (FIRE) II, which took place over the Kansas region, are studied because of significant dynamic activity in the micro...
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Record ID:	11/60

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Intrieri, J.M., W.L. Eberhard, T. Uttal, J.A. Shaw, J.B. Snider, Y. Han, B.W. Orr, S.Y. Matrosov.
Title:	Multiwavelength observations of a developing cloud system: The FIRE II 26 November 1991 case study.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4079-4093.
Abstract:	Abstract: 'Simultaneous multiwavelength measurements of a developing cloud system were obtained by NOAA Doppler lidar, Doppler radar, Fourier transform infrared interferometer, and microwave and infrared radiometers on 26 November 1991.
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Record ID:	11/61

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Mace, G.G., D.O'C. Starr, T.P. Ackerman, P. Minnis.
Title:	Examination of coupling between an upper-tropospheric cloud system and synoptic-scale dynamics diagnosed from wind profiler and radiosonde data.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4094-4127
Abstract:	The evolution of synoptic-scale dynamics associated with a middle and upper tropospheric cloud event that accurred on 26 November 1991 is examined.
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Record ID:	11/62

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Matrosov, S.Y., A.J. Heymsfield, J.M. Intrieri, B.W. Orr, J.B. Snider
Title:	Ground-based remote sensing of cloud particle sizes during the 26 November 1991 FIRE II Cirrus case: Comparisons with in situ data.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4128-4142
Abstract:	The paper presents the results of retrieving characteristic particle sizes for the November 26 1991 FIRE II case using two methods that utilize ground-based remote sensors.
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Record ID:	11/63

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ou, S.C., K.N. Liou, Y. Takano, N.X. Rao, Q. Fu, A.J. Heymsfield, L.M. Miloshevich, B. Baum, S.A. Kinne
Title:	Remote sounding of cirrus cloud optical depths and ice crystal sizes from AVHRR Data: Verification using FIRE II IFO measurements.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4143-4158
Abstract:	Using the data obtained from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) 3.7-um and 10.9-um channels, a retrieval scheme has been developed to simultaneously infer cirrus cloud optical depth and mean effective ice crystal size based on the theory of radiative transfer and parameterizations.
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Record ID:	11/64

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, I., D.O'C. Starr
Title:	Dynamical structure and turbulence in cirrus clouds: Aircraft observations during FIRE.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4159-4182
Abstract:	Aircraft data collected during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project Regional Experiment (FIRE)I used to examine dynamical proccesses operating in cirrus cloud systems observed on 19 and 28 October 1986. Measurements from Lagrangian spiral soundings and constant-altitude flight legs are analyzed.
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Record ID:	11/65

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Han, Q., W. Rossow, R. Welch, A. White, J. Chou
Title:	Validation of satellite retrievals of cloud microphysics and liquid water path using observations from FIRE.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4183-4195
Abstract:	Cloud effective radii and cloud liquid water path (LWP) are derived from ISCCP spatially sampled satellite data and validated with ground-based pyranometer and microwave radiometer measurements taken on San Nicholas Island during the 1987 FIRE IFO.
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Record ID:	11/66

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Hagen, D.E., J. Podzimek, M.B. Trueblood
Title:	Upper-Tropospheric aerosol sampled during Project FIRE IFO II.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4196-4209
Abstract:	During the FIRE IFO II project, aircraft were available for airborne sampling in and around cirrus clouds. Aerosols can play a role in the cloud formation process through the heterogeneous nucleation mechanism, and in turn, once formed, cirrus clouds can impact the ambient aerosol through scavenging and other collection mechanisms.
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Record ID:	11/67

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Baum, B.A., T. Uttal, M. Poellot, T.P. Ackerman, J.M. Alverez, J. Intrieri, D.O'C. Starr, J. Titlow, V. Tovinkere, E. Clothiaux
Title:	Satellite remote sensing of multiple cloud layers.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4210-230
Abstract:	The measurements available from FIRE Cirrus II enable detailed examination of two complex cloud scenes in which cirrus and stratus appear simultaneously. A 'fuzzy logic' classification system is developed to determine...
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Record ID:	11/68

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gao, B-C., Y.J. Kaufman
Title:	Selection of the 1.375 um MODIS channel for remote sensing of cirrus clouds and stratospheric aerosols from space.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4231-4237
Abstract:	Using spectral imaging data acquired with the Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) from an ER-2 aircraft at 20 -km altitude during the NASA FIRE Phase II Cirrus field program, it was found that narrow channels near the center of the strong 1.38 um water vapor band are very effective in detecting thin cirrus clouds.
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Record ID:	11/69

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Smith, W.L., H.E. Revercomb, R.O. Knuteson, F.A. Best, R. Dedecker, H.B. Howell, H.M. Woolf
Title:	Cirrus cloud properties derived from high spectral ressolution infrared spectrometry during FIRE II. Part I: The High Resolution Interferometer Sounder (HIS) Systems.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4238-4245
Abstract:	The characteristics of the ER-2 aircraft and ground-based High Resolution Interferometer Sounder (HIS) instruments deployed during FIRE II are described. A few example spectra are given to illustrate the HIS cloud and molecular atmosphere remote sensing capabilities.
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Record ID:	11/70

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ackerman, S.A., W.L. Smith, A.D. Collard, X.L. Ma, H.E. Revercomb, R.O. Knuteson
Title:	Cirrus cloud properties derived from high spectral resolution infrared spectrometry during FIRE II. Part II: Aircraft HIS results.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4246-4263.
Abstract:	This paper presents analysis of cloud observations by the High-Resolution Interferometer Sounder made from the NASA ER-2 aircraft during FIRE II. Clear and cloudy sky radiance spectra are presented in terms of differences between observations and radiative transfer model simulations.
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Record ID:	11/71

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Collard, A.D., S.A. Ackerman, W.L. Smith, X. Ma, H.E. Revercomb, R.O. Knudson, S.C. Lee
Title:	Cirrus cloud properties derived from high spectral resolution infrared spectrometry during FIRE II. Part III: Ground-based HIS Results.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 22, 4264-4275
Abstract:	During FIRE II, cirrus clouds were observed in the wavelength range 3-19 um with two High Resolution Interferometer Sounders as described in the Part I companion paper.
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Record ID:	11/72

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Uttal, T., E.E. Clothiaux, T.P. Ackerman, J.M. Intrieri, W.L. Eberhard
Title:	Cloud boundary statistics during FIRE II.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4276-4284
Abstract:	An 8-mm wavelength radar, 3-mm wavelength radar, and 10.6-um wavelength lidar operated side by side in vertically pointing mode during the First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE II). This data collection mode yielded detailed information on distribution of cloud and cloud boundaries as a function of altitude.
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Record ID:	11/73

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Vogelmann, A.M., T.P. Ackerman
Title:	Relating cirrus cloud properties to observed fluxes: A critical assessment.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4285-4301
Abstract:	The accuracy needed in cirrus cloud scattering and microphysical properties is quantified such that the radiative effect on climate can be determined. Our ability to compute and observe these properties to within needed accuracies is assessed, with the greatest atention given to those properties that most affect the fluxes.
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Record ID:	11/74

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heymsfield, A.J., L.M. Miloshevich
Title:	Relative humidity and temperature influences on cirrus formation and evolution: Observations from wave clouds and FIRE II.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4302-4326
Abstract:	Measurements in orographic wave clouds, and in cirrus sampled during FIRE II, are used to investigate ice nucleation in the upper troposphere. The dynamically and microphysically simpler quasi-steady-state wave clouds provide relatively ideal conditions for observing characteristics of ice nucleation.
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Record ID:	11/75

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Wylie, D., P. Piironen, W. Wolf, E. Eloranta
Title:	Understanding satellite cirrus cloud climatologies with calibrated lidar optical depths.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4327-4343
Abstract:	Optical depth measurements of transmissive cirrus clouds were made using coincident lidar and satellite data to improve our interpretation of satellite cloud climatologies.
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Record ID:	11/76

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Harrington, J.Y., M.P. Meyers, R.L. Walko, W.R. Cotton
Title:	Parameterization of ice crystal conversion processes due to vapor deposition for mesoscale models using double-moment basis functions. Part I: Basic formulation and parcel model results.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4344-4366
Abstract:	Observational data collected during the FIRE II experiment showing the existence of bimodal ice spectra along with experimental evidence of the size dependence of riming are utilized in the development of a bimodal ice spectrum parameterization for use in the RAMS model.
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Record ID:	11/77

Date:	12/01/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Schneider, T.L., G.L. Stephens
Title:	Theoretical aspects of modeling backscattering by cirrus ice particles at millimeter wavelengths.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 52, 23, 4367-4385
Abstract:	This research attempts to understand how nonspherical ice particles backscatter electromagnetic radiation at millimetric wavelengths. The discrete dipole approximation (DDA) is employed to examine backscattering by single particles to (i) explore the limits of the Rayleigh approximation and (ii) test the use and validity of spheroidal models to model semirealistic cirrus particles.
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Record ID:	11/78

Date:	1/1/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gayet, J-F., G. Febvre, G. Brogniez, H. Chepfer, W. Renger, P. Wendling
Title:	Microphysical and optical properties of cirrus and contrails: Cloud field study on 13 October 1989.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1, 126-138
Abstract:	During the intensive International Cirrus Experiement conducted over the North Sea during fall 1989, natural cirrus and contrail-induced cirrus were analyzed from in situ and remote sensing measurements (lidar and infrared radiometer).
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Record ID:	11/79

Date:	1/1/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Shiobara, M., J.D. Spinhirne, A. Uchiyama, S. Asano
Title:	Optical depth measurements of aerosol, cloud, and water vapor using sun photometers during FIRE Cirrus IFO II.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 35, 36-46
Abstract:	Optical depth in the visible to infrared spectral region were obtained from solar extinction measurements with two sun photometers during the First ISCCP Regional Experiment Phase II Currus Intensive Field Observation in Kansas.
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Record ID:	11/80

Date:	12/1/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, I., D.O'C. Starr, A.J. Heymsfield, T. Uttal, T.P. Ackerman, D.L. Westphal
Title:	Dynamical characteristics of cirrus clouds from aircraft and radar observations in micro and meso-gamma scales.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 23, 4060-4078
Abstract:	Cirrus clouds that formed on 26 November and 6 December 1991 during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project Regional Experiment (FIRE) II, which took place over the Kansas region, are studied because of significant dynamic activity in the micro ( 2
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/81

Date:	12/1/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, I., D.O'C. Starr
Title:	Dynamical structure and turbulence in cirrus clouds: Aircraft observations during FIRE.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 23, 4159-4182
Abstract:
Location:	Abstract: 'Aircraft data collected during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project Regional Experiment (FIRE) I are used to examine dynamical processes operating in cirrus cloud systems observed on 19 and 28 October 1986. Measurements from Lagrangian spiral soundings and constant-altitude flight legs are analyzed. Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/82

Date:	9/1/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	McFarquhar, G.M., A.J. Heymsfield
Title:	Microphysical characteristics of three anvils sampled during the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 17, 2401-2423
Abstract:	In situ microphysical measurements of three anvils were made 17 March, 1 April, and 4 April 1993 during the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment for several constant altitude penetrations, in the same direction or opposite the ambient wind, from 7 to 14 km.
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Record ID:	11/83

Date:	9/1/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heymsfield, A.J., G.M. McFarquhar
Title:	High albedos of cirrus in the tropical Pacific warm pool: Microphysical interpretations from CEPEX and from Kwajalein, Marshall Islands.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 17, 2424-2451
Abstract:	Recent studies suggest that extensive shields of cirrus clouds over the equatorial Pacific 'warm pool' may have a significant influence on the global climate, yet details of the links between cloud microphysical properties, upper-tropospheric latent and radiative heating rates, and climate are poorly understood.
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Record ID:	11/84

Date:	10/15/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Mitchell, D.L., S.K. Chai, Y. Liu, A.J. Heymsfield, Y. Dong
Title:	Modeling cirrus clouds. Part I: Treatment of bimodal size spectra and case study analysis
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2952-2966
Abstract:	A model has been developed that predicts the evolution of bimodal size spectra in cirrus clouds
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Record ID:	11/85

Date:	10/15/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Mitchell, D.L., A. Macke, Y. Liu
Title:	Modeling cirrus clouds. Part II: Treament of radiative properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2967-2988
Abstract:	A radiation scheme, suitable for two-stream radiation transfer models, was developed for cirrus clouds
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Record ID:	11/86

Date:	11/01/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Liou, K.N., N. Rao
Title:	Radiative transfer in cirrus clouds. Part IV: On cloud geometry, inhomogeneity, and absorption
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3046-3065
Abstract:	The effects of cloud geometry and inhomogeneity on the radiative properties of cirrus clouds are investigated by using the successive order of scattering (SOS) approach for radiative transfer
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Record ID:	11/87

Date:	11/01/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Barcher, B. T. Peter, U.M. Biermann, U. Schumman
Title:	The initial composition of jet condensation trails
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3066-3083
Abstract:	Physiochemical processes that generate and transform aerosols in jet aircraft plumes are discussed on the basis of theoretical models and recent observations of young contrails in the upper troposphere
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/88

Date:	12/01/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Westphal, D.L., S. Kinne, P. Piliwskie, J.M. Alvarez, P. Minnis, D.F. Young, S.G. Benjamin, W.L. Eberhard, R.A. Kropfli, S.Y. Matrosov, J.B. Snider, T.A. Uttal, A.J. Heymsfield, G.G. Mace, S.H. Melfi, D. O'C. Starr, J.J. Soden
Title:	Initialization and validation of a simulation of cirrus using FIRE-II data.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 23, 3397-3429
Abstract:	Observations from a wide variety of instruments and platforms are used to validate many different aspects of a three-dimensional mesoscale simulation of the dynamics, cloud microphysics, and radiative transfer of a cirrus cloud system observed on Nov. 26, 1991 during the second currus field program of the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Program (ISCCP) Regional Experiment (FIRE-II) located in southeastern Kansas.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/89

Date:	11/15/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gierens, K.M.
Title:	Numerical simulations of persistent contrails.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 22, 3333-3348
Abstract:	Numerical (2D) simulations of persistent contrails have been performed.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/90

Date:	9/27/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Jensen, E.J., O.B. Toon, H.B. Selkirk, J.D. Spinhirne, M.R. Schoeberl
Title:	On the formation and persistence of subvisible cirrus clouds near the tropical tropopause.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 101, D16, 21361-21375
Abstract:	We have used a detailed cirrus cloud model to evaluate the physical processes responsible for the formation and presistence of subvisible currus near the tropical tropopause and the apparent absence of these clouds at midlatitudes.
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Record ID:	11/91

Date:	9/15/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Song, N., D. O'C. Starr, D.J. Wuebbles, A. Williams, S.M. Larson
Title:	Volcanic aerosols and interannual variation of high clouds.
Publication:	G. Res. Letters, 23, 19, 2657-2660
Abstract:	Interannual variability of high-level cloudiness is examined using global outgoing longwave radiation.
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Record ID:	11/92

Date:	9/1/1997
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	McFarquhar, G.M., A.J. Heymsfield
Title:	Parameterization of tropical cirrus ice crystal size distribution and implications for radiative transfer: Results from CEPEX.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2187-2200
Abstract:	Average ice crystal size distributions are parameterized as functions of temperature and ice water content (IWC), based on observatoins in cirrus produced as outflows of deep convection made during the CEPEX
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/93

Date:	11/1/1997
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Strom, J. B. Strauss, T. Anderson, F. Schroder, J. Heintzenberg, P. Wendling
Title:	In situ observations of the microphysical properties of young cirrus clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 21, 2542-2553
Abstract:	In situ measurements made in cold (-35 to -60 C) cirrus clouds over southern Germany in March 1994 are presented.
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Record ID:	11/94

Date:	12/1/1997
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Schrader, M.L.
Title:	Calculations of aircraft contrail formation critical temperatures.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 36, 1725-1729
Abstract:	Forecasts of condensation trail formation are an extremely important consideration in military aircraft operations, particularly in the operation of stealth aircraft.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/95

Date:	3/1/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Chlond, A.
Title:	Large-eddy simulation of contrails.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 796-819
Abstract:	Numerical simulations of contrails have been performed to investigate the role of various external parameters and physical processes in the life cycle of contrails.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/96

Date:	1/1/1986
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Zhuravleva, V.A., O.K. Kostko
Title:	Lidar-radiometric method for determining the ice water content of cirrus clouds.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 22, 32-38
Abstract:	A new lidar-radiometeric method of determining integrated ice water content and ice water content of cirrus clouds is proposed and validated theoretically.
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Record ID:	11/97

Date:	11/1/1980
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Starr, D.O.'C., Cox, S.K.
Title:	Characteristics of middle and upper tropospheric clouds as deduced from rawinsonde data.
Publication:	CSU Atmospheric Science Dept. Paper No. 327.
Abstract:	This study characterizes the static environment of middle and upper tropospheric clouds as deduced from rawinsonde data from 24 locations in the contiguous U.S. for 1977.
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Record ID:	11/98

Date:	1/1/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Kinne, S., K.-N. Liou
Title:	The effects of the nonsphericity and size distribution of ice crystals on the radiative properties of cirrus clouds.
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 24, 273-284
Abstract:	Hexagonal ice crystals and equivalent ice spheres have significantly different single-scattering properties.
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Record ID:	11/99

Date:	4/1/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Prabhakara, C., R.S. Fraser, G. Dalu, M.-L. C. Wu, R.J. Curran
Title:	Thin cirrus clouds: seasonal distribution over oceans deduced from Nimbus-4 IRIS
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 27, 379-399
Abstract:	Spectral differences in the extinction between the 10.8 and 12.6 um bands of the infrared window region, due to optically thin clouds, are observed in the measurements made by a broad-band infrared aircraft radiometer.
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Record ID:	11/100

Date:	1/1/1978
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Roewe, D., K.-N. Liou
Title:	Influence of cirrus clouds on the infrared cooling rate in the troposphere and lower stratosphere.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 17, 92-106
Abstract:	The impact of high-level cirrus clouds upon the infrared cooling rate of the troposphere and lower stratosphere is investigated in this study.
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Record ID:	11/101

Date:	1/1/1986
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Silaeva, V.A., M.A. Strunin
Title:	Turbulence in the vicinity of some types of clouds and in cloudless space.
Publication:	Soviet Meteorology and Hydrology, 2, 15-20
Abstract:	Compared are the lengths of turbulent and quiet zones, mean square values of pulses of horizontal and vertical components of wind speed, rates of dissipation of turbulent energy...
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Record ID:	11/102

Date:	12/1/1985
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Starr, D.O'C., S.K. Cox
Title:	Cirrus clouds. Part II: Numerical experiments on the formation and maintenance of cirrus.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2682-2694
Abstract:	The numerical cirrus cloud model of Starr and Cox is used to investigate the role of various physical processes in the formation and maintenance of cirrus.
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Record ID:	11/103

Date:	2/1/1987
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Wu, M.-L.C.
Title:	A method for remote sensing the emissivity, fraction cloud cover and cloud top temperature of high-level, thin clouds.
Publication:	J. Climate and Appl. Met., 26, 225-233
Abstract:	A methodology for retrieving the emissivity, cloud cover and cloud top temperature of high-level, thin clouds is developed and described.
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Record ID:	11/104

Date:	11/1/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Geophysics Laboratory
Title:	Abstract Digest, Cloud Impacts on DOD Operations and Systems 1989/90 Conference. (CIDOS 89/90)
Publication:	Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts, Naval Post Graduate School, Monterey California.
Abstract:	No abstract.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/105

Date:	1/1/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, I.
Title:	Dynamic and microphysical characteristics of cirrus clouds as revealed by aircraft, lidar and other observations during FIRE.
Publication:	Cooperative Thesis, No. 118, St. Louis University and NCAR. NCAR/CT-118
Abstract:	Data on cirrus clouds collected by aircraft, Doppler lidar, satellites, and rawinsonde during the FIRE were used in this study.
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Record ID:	11/106

Date:	12/14/1982
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Izmi, Y.
Title:	A study of cirriform clouds over eleven USSR stations.
Publication:	Meteorology Division, Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, Mass., AFGL-TR-82-0384
Abstract:	Text: Cirriform clouds are normally ice crystal clouds, which are defined as being composed (almost) exclusively of ice crystals, as opposed to water droplets.
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Record ID:	11/107

Date:	1/1/1986
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Borisinkov, Y.P., T.A. Bazlova
Title:	A model of cirrus cloud evolution
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 22, 26-31
Abstract:	A 3D model of cirrus cloud evolution is developed, based on the water vapor and ice phase transport equations and the equation of the first law of thermodynamics.
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Record ID:	11/108

Date:	3/1/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Durran, D.R., D.B. Weber
Title:	An investigation of the poleward edges of cirrus clouds associated with midlatitude jet streams.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 702-714
Abstract:	The factors that contribute to the development of the sharp edge along the poleward boundary of the jet-stream cirrus are examined in three case studies.
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Record ID:	11/109

Date:	1/29/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Flatau, P.J., G.A. Dalu, W.R. Cotton, G.L. Stephens, A.J. Heymsfield
Title:	Mixed layer model of cirrus clouds: Growth and dissipation mechanisms.
Publication:	Preprint Vol. Symposium on the Role of Clouds in Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Climate, Jan. 29 - Feb. 3, 1989, Anaheim, CA.
Abstract:	In this paper we discuss the dynamics of cirrus clouds and introduce a new and simple scheme to include such clouds in GCMs.
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Record ID:	11/110

Date:	1/1/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Foot, J.S.
Title:	Some observations of the optical properties of clouds. II: Cirrus
Publication:	Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 114, 145-164
Abstract:	Aircraft measurements of broad-band infrared and solar irradiances together with radiance measurements at discrete angles and wavelengths are used, combined with microphysical observations, to investigate the optical properties of cirrus clouds.
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Record ID:	11/111

Date:	4/1/1985
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Georgiyevskiy, Y.S., A.K. Shukurov
Title:	On some features of the transmittance of thin clouds in the visible and IR spectral regions.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 21, 4, 303-306
Abstract:	The results of transmittance measurements of thin cumulus and cirrus clouds in the 0.35-12.2 um spectral interval are analyzed.
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Record ID:	11/112

Date:	2/1/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, I., A.J. Heymsfield, D.H. Lenschow
Title:	A comparison of vertical velocity in cirrus obtained from aircraft and lidar divergence measurements during FIRE.
Publication:	J. Atmos. and Ocean. Tech., 7, 58-67
Abstract:	Techniques are presented to obtain vertical velocity in cirrus clouds from in situ aircraft lateral wind measurements and from ground-based remote Doppler lidar measurements.
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Record ID:	11/113

Date:	07/01/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Stephens, G.L., S.C. Tsay, P.W. Stackhouse, Jr., P.J. Flatau
Title:	The relevance of the microphysical and radiative properties of cirrus clouds to climate and climatic feedback
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1742-1753
Abstract:	This paper examines the effects of the relationship between cirrus cloud ice water content and cloud temperature on climate change
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Record ID:	11/114

Date:	9/1/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Abakumova, G.M., T.V. Yevnevich, Y.I. Nezval, O.A. Shilovtseva, Y.V. Yarkho
Title:	Effect of high clouds on the scattered and total radiation in different sections of the spectrum.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 27, 9, 654-662
Abstract:	The effect of a continuous cover of cirrus clouds on the scattered and total solar radiation in different sections of the spectrum from measurements is studied.
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Record ID:	11/115

Date:	9/1/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Abakumova, G.M.
Title:	Attenuation of direct solar radiation by high clouds.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 27, 9, 649-653
Abstract:	The effect of cirrus clouds on the direct integrated, photosynthetically active and near infrared solar radiation is investigated on the basis of measurements performed with a thermoelectric actinometer with a collection of wide-band glass filters.
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Record ID:	11/116

Date:	6/9/1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Abbey, R. Jr.
Title:	FIRE Phase II Research Plan
Publication:	Prepared by the FIRE Project office and FSET Working Group Participants.
Abstract:	The FIRE experiment team was organized in 1984 to define and implement a coordinated research effort to investigate relationships between cloud systems and climate and to verify and improve cloud monitoring techniques from satellite platforms.
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Record ID:	11/117

Date:	9/1/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Anikin, P.P.
Title:	Determination of the spectral optical thickness and effective particle size of cirrus clouds.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 27, 9, 673-680
Abstract:	The optical thickness of cirrus clouds in the visible infrared regions of the spectrum are determined from measurements of the solar transmission spectra.
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Record ID:	11/118

Date:	9/1/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Burkovskaya, S.N., A.L. Kosarev, A.Y. Naumov
Title:	Investigation of cirrus microstructure on May 15, 1989
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 27, 9, 714-724
Abstract:	The results of direct measurements of the concentration of crystals of different sizes, the liquid-water content, and the extinction coefficient for visible light in a Ci-Cs multilayer cloud are presented.
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Record ID:	11/119

Date:	3/1/1986
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Carleton, A.M., P.J. Lamb
Title:	Jet contrails and cirrus cloud: A feasibility study employing high-resolution satellite imagery.
Publication:	Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 67, 301-309
Abstract:	The results of a pilot study to assess the feasibility of documenting the occurrence of jet contrails over the U.S. from high-resolution DMSP imagery are presented.
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Record ID:	11/120

Date:	5/1/1981
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Changnon, S.A.
Title:	Midwestern cloud, sunshine and temperature trends since 1901: Possible evidence of jet contrail effects.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 20, 5, 496-508
Abstract:	Records of monthly sky cover, sunshine and temperature for 1901-77 in a 10-state midwestern area were analyzed on a temporal and spatial basis to discern long-term trends and indications of shifts potentially due to added cirrus generated by jet aircraft since about 1960.
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Record ID:	11/121

Date:	9/1/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Dowling, D.R., L.F. Radke
Title:	A summary of the physical properties of cirrus clouds.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 29, 9, 970-978
Abstract:	A review of existing literature is made to determine typical values for the physical properties of cirrus clouds.
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Record ID:	11/122

Date:	9/1/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Feygel'son, Y.M.
Title:	Cirrus cloud investigations and the Zvenigorod Experiment.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 27, 9, 641-643
Abstract:	No abstract.
Location:	1 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/123

Date:	1/1/1979
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Freeman, K.P., K.-N. Liou
Title:	Climatic effects of cirrus clouds.
Publication:	Advances in Geophysics, Vol. 21, Academic Press, Inc.
Abstract:	The realization in recent years that human endeavors are particularly vulnerable to uncertainties in climate, and that human activity may be causing climate change even now, lends a special urgency to the need for deeper understanding of the climate of the Earth and the problems of assessing and predicting climate change.
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Record ID:	11/124

Date:	1/1/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, I., G.V. Rao
Title:	Moisture and heat budgets of a cirrus cloud from aircraft measurements during FIRE.
Publication:	Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 119, 957-974
Abstract:	This study is based on the NCAR King Air aircraft and radiosonde observations on 31 October 1986 during the FIRE in Wisconsin over Oshkosh.
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Record ID:	11/125

Date:	1/1/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Kellogg, W.W.
Title:	An apparent moratorium on the greenhouse warming due to the deep ocean.
Publication:	Climate Change, 25, 85-88
Abstract:	No abstract.
Location:	1 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/126

Date:	9/1/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Kravets, L.V.
Title:	Lidar observations of the vertical structure of high clouds.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 27, 9, 663-667
Abstract:	The collection results of lidar measurements of the altitudes and thicknesses of high clouds and the altitude distribution of the extinction coefficient in them, which were obtained in the course of combined experiments are presented.
Location:	1 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/127

Date:	9/1/1970
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Kuhn, P.M.
Title:	Airborne observations of contrail effects on the thermal radiation budget.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 937-942
Abstract:	Direct infrared and solar radiometric observations were made to analyze the effects on the environment of any alterations in the radiation budget in regions of heavy jet traffic.
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Record ID:	11/128

Date:	6/1/1986
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Liou, K.-N.
Title:	Influence of cirrus clouds on weather and climate processes: A global perspective.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1167-1199
Abstract:	Current understanding and knowledge of the composition and structure of cirrus clouds are reviewd and documented in this paper.
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Record ID:	11/129

Date:	7/20/1992
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Matrosov, S.Y., T. Uttal, J.B. Snider, R.A. Kropfli
Title:	Estimation of ice clouds parameters from ground-based infrared radiometer and radar measurents.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 97, D11, 11567-11574
Abstract:	A technique is presented to estimate ice cloud particle characteristic sizes and concentrations as well as the integrated ice water path from simultaneous ground-based radar and infrared radiometer measurements.
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Record ID:	11/130

Date:	8/17/1992
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Minnis, P., D.F. Young, P.W. Heck, K.-N. Liou, Y. Ktkano
Title:	Satellite analyses of cirrus cloud properties during the FIRE Phase II cirrus intensive field observations over Kansas.
Publication:	Presented at the 11th Int. Conf. on Clouds and Precip., Montreal, Canada, August 17-21, 1992
Abstract:	No abstract.
Location:	1 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/131

Date:	1/1/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Mitchell, D.L., Kristjansson, J.E., M.J. Newman
Title:	Sensitivity of cirrus cloud radiative properties to ice crystal size and shape in GCM simulations.
Publication:	Preprint, 8th Conf. on Atmos. Rad., Nashville, Tenn., 1993
Abstract:	Recent research has shown that the radiative properties of cirrus clouds dpend on the shapes and sizes of ice crystals.
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Record ID:	11/132

Date:	7/24/1992
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K.
Title:	Evidence for liquid-phase cirrus cloud formation from volcanic aerosols: Climate implications.
Publication:	Science, 257, 516-519
Abstract:	Supercooled droplets in cirrus uncinus cell heads between -40 and -50C are identified from project FIRE polarization lidar measurements.
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Record ID:	11/133

Date:	4/1/1969
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Yagi, T.
Title:	On the relation between the shape of cirrus clouds and the static stability of the cloud level -- Studies of cirrus clouds: Part IV
Publication:	J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 47, 59-64
Abstract:	Cirrus clouds were observed by stereophotogrammetric methods at Sapporo, Hokkaido, from August to October in 1964 and 1965.
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Record ID:	11/134

Date:	11/1/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., C.J. Grund, J.D. Spinhire, M.M. Hardesty, J.M. Alvarez
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE IFO cirrus case study: A five lidar overview of cloud structure and evolution.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2288-2311
Abstract:	Optical remote sensing measurements of cirrus cloud properties were collected by one airborne and four ground-based lidar systems over a 32-h period during this case study...
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Record ID:	11/135

Date:	11/1/1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Wielicki, B.A., J.T. Suttles, A.J. Heymsfield, R.M. Welch, J.D. Spinhire, M.-L. C. Wu, D.O'C. Starr, L. Parker, R.F. Arduini
Title:	The 27-28 October 1986 FIRE Cirrus Case Study: Comparison of radiative transfer theory with observations by satellite and aircraft.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 2356-2376
Abstract:	Observations of cirrus and altocumulus clouds during FIRE are compared to theoretical models of cloud radiative properties.
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Record ID:	11/136

Date:	1/1/1976
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Doswell, C.A., III, J.T. Schaeffer
Title:	On the relationship of cirrus clouds to the jet stream.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 105-106
Abstract:	A tradition rule of thumb is that severest thunderstorm activity occurs under and to the south of the jet stream.
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Record ID:	11/137

Date:	3/1/1974
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Eerickson, C.O.
Title:	A jet stream cirrus shield. Picture of the month.
Publication:	Mon Wea. Rev., 102, 260-261
Abstract:	Jet-associated cirrus is very frequently seen in satellite cloud pictures but seldom as spectacularly as in this instance.
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Record ID:	11/138

Date:	6/1/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Imasu, R., Y. Iwasaka
Title:	Characteristics of cirrus clouds observed by laser radar (lidar) during the spring of 1987 and the winter of 1987-88.
Publication:	J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 69, 3, 401-410.
Abstract:	Laser radar observations of cirrus clouds were carried out during the spring of 1987/88 at Nagoya, Japan.
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Record ID:	11/139

Date:	1/1/1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Kosarev, A.L., I.P. Mazin
Title:	An empirical model of the physical structure of upper-layer clouds.
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 26, 213-228
Abstract:	Suggested here is an empirical model of the structure of upper-layer clouds which includes data on the frequency of occurrence, amount, temperature, height, phase structure and microstructure of cirrus clouds.
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Record ID:	11/140

Date:	1/1/1970
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Martin, F.L., V.V. Salomonson
Title:	Statistical characteristics of subtropical jet-stream features in terms of MRIR observations from Nimbus II.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met.
Abstract:	A sample of 60 individual cases of southwesterly jet-stream maxima located over the continental United States during the Nimbus II period is studied in relation to the MRIR characteristics surrounding the jet.
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Record ID:	11/141

Date:	10/1/1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Matrosov, S.Y., R.A. Kropfli
Title:	Cirrus cloud studies with elliptically polarized Ka-band radar signals: A suggested approach.
Publication:	J. Atmos. and Ocean. Tech., 10, 684-692
Abstract:	It has been shown previously that the use of elliptically polarized signals can help to obtain polarization signatures from tenuous cirrus clouds.
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Record ID:	11/142

Date:	12/1/1957
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	McLean, G.S.
Title:	Cloud distributions in the vicinity of jet streams.
Publication:	Bull. A.M.S., 38, 579-583
Abstract:	Cloud observations made by crew members during flights of Project Jet Stream are used to determine the frequency of occurrence of various types of clouds in the vicinity of jet streams.
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Record ID:	11/143

Date:	1/1/1953
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Murray, R., S.M. Daniels
Title:	Transverse flow at entrance and exit to jet streams.
Publication:	Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 79, 236-241
Abstract:	From a statistical examination of wind observations near jet streams, two conclusions are reached: (a) In the jet-stream entrance region there is evidence of a component of wind towards the left (looking downsteam), and this reaches a maximum at the level of the jet centre and falls off above and below.
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Record ID:	11/144

Date:	10/1/1949
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Namias, J., P.F. Claff
Title:	Confluence theory of the high tropospheric jet stream.
Publication:	J. Met., 6, 330-336
Abstract:	In 1947 a suggestion was made by one of the authors that the existence of fast narrow currents in the upper troposphere was due to the bringing together, or confluence of warm and cold air masses from northerly and southerly regions.
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Record ID:	11/145

Date:	10/1/1981
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ramond, D., H. Corbin, M. Desbois, G. Szejwach, P. Waldteufel
Title:	The dynamics of polar jet streams as depicted by the METEOSAT WV channel radiance field.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 2164-2176
Abstract:	A polar jet stream flowing over northern Europe is investigated using both the radiosounding network and the METEOSAT water vapor channeling imagrey.
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Record ID:	11/146

Date:	1/1/1996
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Shiobara, M., J.D. Spinhirne, A. Uchiyama, S. Asano
Title:	Optical depth measurements of aerosol, cloud, and water vapor using sun photometers during FIRE Cirrus IFO II.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 35, 36-46
Abstract:	Optical depths in the visible to infrared spectral region were obtained from solar extinction measurements with two sun photometers during the First ISCCP Regional Experiment Phase II Cirrus Intensive Field Observation in Kansas.
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Record ID:	11/147

Date:	2/1/1971
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Smith, A.H. Jr.
Title:	A cyclonically curved jet stream. Picture of the Month.
Publication:	Mon Wea. Rev., 99, 136-137
Abstract:	Large sheets of anticyclonically curved cirrus are frequently seen on satellite photographs and can be associated with the jet stream.
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Record ID:	11/148

Date:	3/1/1979
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Wexler, R., W.C. Skillman
Title:	Satellite detection of a long curving cirrus plume.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 343-346
Abstract:	Cirrus plumes have been known to extend long distances ahead of storms. The case of 23 August 1978 is noteworthy because a long cirrus plume, as detected by GOES E satellite, made a sharp anticyclonic turn and traveled a total distance of 2800 km from the generating thunderstorm, as determined by satellite imagery.
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Record ID:	11/149

Date:	05/15/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Khvorostyanov, V.I., K. Sassen
Title:	Cirrus cloud simulation using explicit microphysics and radiation. Part I: Model description
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1808-1821
Abstract:	A mesoscale 2D/3D cloud model complex with explicit account for the water and ice cloud microphysics and radiative processes is described
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/150

Date:	05/15/98
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Khvorostyanov, V.I., K. Sassen
Title:	Cirrus cloud simulation using explicit microphysics and radiation. Part II: Microphysics, vapor and ice mass budgets, and optical and radiative properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1822-1845
Abstract:	The 2D/3D cloud model complex with explicit microphysics and radiation described in Part I is used to simulate the development of a midlatitude cirrus cloud, including interaction with radiation.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/151

Date:	06/01/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Lin, H., K.J. Noone, J. Strom, A.J. Heymsfield
Title:	Small ice crystals in cirrus clouds: A model study and comparison with in situ observations
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1928-1939
Abstract:	An air parcel model including homogeneous freezing nucleation of ice crystals has been used to study the formation and development of cirrus clouds
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Record ID:	11/152

Date:	06/01/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Lin, H., K.J. Noone, J. Strom, A.J. Heymsfield
Title:	Dynamical influences on cirrus cloud formation process
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1940-1949
Abstract:	An air parcel model has been used to study dynamic influences on cirrus cloud microphysical processes
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Record ID:	11/153

Date:	06/01/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Platt, C.M.R., S.A. Young, P.J. Manson, G.R. Patterson, S.C. Marsden, R.T. Austin, J.H. Churnside
Title:	The optical properties of equatorial cirrus from observations in the ARM pilot radiation observation experiment
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1977-1996
Abstract:	The optical properties of eqatorial cirrus were studied during a three-week period of the ARM Pilot Radiation and Observation Experiment at Kavieng, Papua, New Guinea, in January and February 1993
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Record ID:	11/154

Date:	5/27/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Strom, J., S. Ohlsson
Title:	In situ measurements of enhanced crystal number densities in cirrus clouds caused by aircraft exhaust.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 103, D10, 11355-11361
Abstract:	Concurrent measurements of crystal number densities and concentrations of absorbing material contained in cirrus crystals reveal statistically higher crystal number densities in areas of the cloud where absorbing materials exeeds 0.01 ug m_-3.
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Record ID:	11/155

Date:	9/1/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Fouilloux, A., J. Jaquinta
Title:	Mesosczle cirrus cloud modeling and comparisons against experimental data collected on 17 April 1994 during the UECREX campaign.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2422-2434
Abstract:	The influence of two initialization schemes implemented for cirrus cloud simulation with a mesoscale model (RAMS) when run at two distinct horizontal resolutions (40 and 13.5 km) is investigated.
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Record ID:	11/156

Date:	9/1/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Macke, A., P.N. Francis, G.M. McFarquhar, S. Kinne
Title:	The role of ice particle shapes and size distributions in the single scattering properties of cirrus clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2874-2883
Abstract:	The roles of ice particle size distributions are particle shapes in cirrus cloud solar radiative transfer are investigated by analyzing SDs obtained from optical array probe measurements during intensive field observations of the ...
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Record ID:	11/157

Date:	11/01/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gierens, K.M., J. Strom
Title:	A numerical study of aircraft wake induced cloud formation
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3253-3263
Abstract:	Numerical simulations of ice cloud formation in the wake of an aircraft flying at cruise altitude have been performed.
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Record ID:	11/158

Date:	01/01/99
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Baran, A. J., S. J. Brown, J. S. Foot, D. L. Mitchell
Title:	Retrieval of tropical cirrus thermal optical depth, crystal size, and shape using a dual-view instrument at 3.7 and 10.8 um
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 92-110
Abstract:	In this paper the authors derive thermal optical depth at 3.7 and 10.8 um for tropical utilizing Along Track Scanning Radiometer data under nighttime conditions. By analytically solving the equation of radiative transfer,k inclusive of scattering, a pair of nonlinear equations can be solved fo the optical depth.
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Record ID:	11/159

Date:	04/01/1999
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Zurovac-Jevtic, D.
Title:	Development of a cirrus parameterization scheme: Performance studies in HIRLAM
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 470-485
Abstract:	A parameterization scheme for the formation and maintenance of cirrus is presented.
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Record ID:	11/160

Date:	04/01/1999
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sauvage, L., H. Chepfer, V. Trouillet, P.H. Flamant, G. Broginez, J. Pelon, F. Albers
Title:	Remote sensing of cirrus radiative parameters during EUCREX'94. Case study of 17 April 1994. Part I: Observations
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 486-503
Abstract:	During the insensitive European Cloud and Radiation Experiments 1994 (EUCREX'94) conducted off the soast of Brittany (France) over the Atlantic Ocean during April 1994, natural cirrus have been analyzed from in situ and remote sensing measurements.
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Record ID:	11/161

Date:	04/01/1999
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Chepfer, H., G. Broginez, L. Sauvage, P.H. Flamant, V. Trouillet, J. Pelon
Title:	Remote sensing of cirrus radiative parameters during EUCREX'94. Case study of 17 April 1994. Part II: Microphysical Models
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, pp. 504-519
Abstract:	In this paper, a quantitative analysis of in situ and radiative measurements concerning cirrus clouds is presented.
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Record ID:	11/162

Date:	05/01/1999
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Ma, X.L., J. Schmit, W.L. Smith
Title:	A nonlinear physical retrieval alogrithm-Its application to the GOES-8/9 Sounder
Publication:	J. Applied. Meteor., 38, pp. 501-513
Abstract:	None.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/163

Date:	01/01/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Wyser, K., P. Yang
Title:	Average ice crystal size and bulk short-wave single-scattering properties of cirrus clouds
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 49, 315-335
Abstract:	The bulk single-scattering properties of cirrus clouds required for driving the radiation scheme in large-scale climate models are computed with respect to various size distributions and ice crystal shapes.
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Record ID:	11/164

Date:	08/01/1999
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Russell, J.E., J.D. Haigh
Title:	Effect of cloud vertical inhomogeneity on the retreival of cirrus cloud temperature and infrared optical depth using the ASTR
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 2601-2612
Abstract:	None.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/165

Date:	08/15/1999
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Fu, Q., W.B. Sun, P. Yang
Title:	Modeling of scattering and absorption by nonspherical cirrus ice particles at thermal infrared wavelengths
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 2937-2947
Abstract:	This paper examines a number of commonly used methods for the calculation of the scattering and absorption properties of nonspherical ice crystals at thermal infrared wavelengths.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/166

Date:	09/01/1999
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Platt, C.M.R., D.M. Winker, M.A. Vaughan, S.D. Miller
Title:	Backscatter-to-extinction ratios in the top layers of tropical mesoscale convective systems and in isolated cirrus from LITE observations
Publication:	J. Applied Sci., 38, pp. 1330-1345
Abstract:	Cloud-integrated attenuated backscatter from observations with the Lidar In-Space Technology Experiment (LITE) was studied over a range of cirrus clouds capping some extensive mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in the Tropical West Pacific.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/167

Date:	01/01/1988
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (30) Fogs And Stratocumulus
Author:	Foot, J.S.
Title:	Some observations of the optical properties of clouds. I: Stratocumulus
Publication:	Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 114, 129-144
Abstract:	Aircraft measurements of broad-band solar irradiances together with radiance measurements in the 1.2 to 2.1 micrometer region are presented for a stratocumulus sheet.
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Record ID:	11/168

Date:	02/15/2000
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Schroder, F., B. Karcher, C. Duroure, J. Strom, A. Petzold, J.-F. Gayet, B. Strauss, P. Wendling, S. Borrmann
Title:	On the transition of contrails into Cirrus Clouds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 464-480
Abstract:	In situ observations of microphysical properties of upper-tropospheric contrails and cirrus clouds have been performed during more than 15 airbone missons over central Europe.
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Record ID:	11/169

Date:	04/01/2000
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heymsfield, A.J., J. Iaquinta
Title:	Cirrus crystal terminal velocities
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 916-938
Abstract:	Cirrus crystal terinal velocities are of primary importance in determining the rate of transport of condensate from upper- to middle-tropospheric levels and profoundly influence the earth's radition balance through their effect on the rate of bulidup or decay of cirrus clouds.
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Record ID:	11/170

Date:	06/15/2000
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Greg M. McFarquhar, A. J. Heymsfield, J. Spinhirne, B. Hart
Title:	Thin and Subvisual Tropopause Tropical Cirrus: Observations and Radiative Impacts
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1841-1853
Abstract:	In situ microphysical, remote sensing, and satellite observations of thin and subvisible cirrus have been used to establish their frequency of occurrence, determine their mean optical depths and radiative forcings, and to analyze their association with deep convection.
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Record ID:	11/171

Date:	09/27/2000
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gierens, K., U. Schumann, M. Helten, H. Smit, P.-H. Wang
Title:	Ice-supersaturated regions and subvisible cirrus in the northern midlatitude upper troposhere
Publication:	J. Geo., 105, 22743-22753
Abstract:	Humidity and temperature data form the Measurement of Ozone by Airbus in-service Aircraft (MOZAIC) project have been used to produce maps of probability for ice supersaturation in two 50 hPa thick layers centered around 200 and 250 hPa.
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Record ID:	11/172

Date:	02/15/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Lewellen, D.C., W.S. Lewellen
Title:	The effects of aircraft ake dynamics on contrail development
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 390-406
Abstract:	Results of large-eddy simulations of the devlopment of young persisent ice contrails are presented, concentrating on the interactions beteen the aircraft wake dynamics and the ice cloud evolution over ages from a fe seconds to ~30 min.
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Record ID:	11/173

Date:	03/01/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Smith, S.A., A.D. DelGenio
Title:	Analysis of aircraft, radiosonde, and radar observation in cirrus clouds observed during FIRE II: The interactions between environmental structure, turbulence, and cloud microphysical properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 451-461
Abstract:	Ways to determine the turbluence intensity and the horizontal variability in cirrus have been investigated using first International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) Regional Experiment II aircraft, radiosonde, and radar data.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/174

Date:	03/01/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., J.R. Campbell
Title:	A midlatitude cirrus cloud climatology from the facility for atmospheric remote sensing. Part I: Macrophysical and synoptic properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 481-496
Abstract:	A uniquely extensive high cloud dataset has been collected from the University of Utah Facility for Atmospheric Remote Sensing in support in the First (ISCCP) International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project Regional Expeeriment extend time observations satellite validation effort.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/175

Date:	05/01/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (39) Large Eddy Simulation
Author:	Cheng, W.Y.Y., T. Wu, W.R. Cotton
Title:	Large-eddy simulations of the 26 November 1991 FIRE II cirrus case
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1017-1034
Abstract:	Large-eddy simulations (LESs) were performed to study the dynamical, microphysical and radiative processes in the 26 November 1991 FIRE II cirrus event.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/176

Date:	05/01/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Beyerle G., M.R. Gross, D.A. Haner, N.T. Kjome, I.S. McDermid, T.J. McGee, J.M. Rosen, H.-J. Schafer, O. Schrems
Title:	A Lidar and Backscatter Sonde Measurement Campaign at Table Mountain During February-March 1997
Publication:	Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 58, No. 10, 15 May 2001
Abstract:	Results from a measurment campaign performed at Table Mountain Facility/Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Califorina Institute of Technology (34.38N, 117.68W, 2280 m ASL) are presented.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/177

Date:	08/01/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., S. Benson
Title:	A midlatitude cirrus cloud climatology from the facility for atmospheric remote sensing. Part II: Microphysical properties derived from lidar depolarization
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2103-2112
Abstract:	In Part II of the series of papers decribing the results of the extended time observatons of cirrus clouds from the University of Utah Facility for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (FARS), the information content of laser backscatter depolarization measurements in terms of cloud microphysical content is treated.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/178

Date:	08/01/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., J.M. Comstock
Title:	A midlatitude cirrus cloud climatology from the facility for atmospheric remote sensing. Part III: Radiative properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2113-2127
Abstract:	In Part III of a series of papers decribing the extended time high-cloud observations form the University of Utah Facility for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (FARS) Supporting the First International Satellite Cloud climatology Project (ISCCP) Regional Experiment, the visable and infared radiative properties of cirrus clouds over Salt Lake City, Utah, are examined.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/179

Date:	08/16/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Jensen, E. J., L. Pfister, A.S. Ackerman, A. Tabazadeh
Title:	A conceptual model of the dehydration of air due to freeze-drying by ptically thin, laminar cirrus rising slowly across the tropical tropopause
Publication:	J. Geo Res., 106, 17237-17252
Abstract:	In this study, we use a cloud model to simulate dehydration which occurs due to formation of optically thin, laminar cirrus as air rises slowly across the tropopause.
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Record ID:	11/180

Date:	08/16/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Jensen, E.J., O.B. Toon, S.A. Vay, J. Ovarlez, R. May, T.P. Bui, C.H. Twohy, B.W. Gandrud, R.F. Pueschel, U. Schumann
Title:	Prevalence of ice-supersaturated regions in the upper troposhere: Implications for optically thin ice cloud formation
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 106, 17253-17266
Abstract:	In situ measurements of water vapor and temperature from recent aircraft campaigns have provided evidence that the upper troposphere is frequently supersaturated with respect to ice.
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Record ID:	11/181

Date:	01/01/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Brown, P.R.A., A.J. Heymsfield
Title:	The microphysical properties of tropical convective anvil cirrus: A comparison of models and observatons
Publication:	Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc. 127, 1535-1550
Abstract:	This paper descrbes the use of two dimensional (2-D) cloud-resolving numerical model simulations of a period of active convection from the Tropical Ocean-Global atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment to generate ststistics of the distrution of total ice water content (IWC) and of the relative contribution to IWC of small (sub-200um) particles with temperature.
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Record ID:	11/182

Date:	02/01/2000
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Wang, Y., S.C. Liu, B.E. Anderson, Y. Kondo, G.L. Gregory, G.W. Sachse, S.A. Vay, D.R. Blake, H.B. Singh, A.M. Thompson
Title:	Evidence of convection as a major source of condensation nuclei in the northern midlatitude upper troposphere
Publication:	Geo. Res. Letters, 27, 369-372
Abstract:	We examine concurrent measurements of CN (size > 8nm),NO, and NOy in the upper troposphere over the North Altantic during the sonex Experiment (Oct.-Nov., 1997).
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Record ID:	11/183

Date:	11/15/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Auriol, F., J.-F. Gayet, G. Febvre, O. Jourdan, L. Labonnote, G. Brogniez
Title:	In situ observation of cirrus scattering phase function with 22(degrees) and 46(degrees) halos: Cloud field study on 19 February 1998
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3376-3390
Abstract:	Observations of halos and related phenomena due to ice crystals are commmonly reported from ground observations and presented in the literature.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/184

Date:	01/01/2002
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heymsfield, AJ., S. Lewis, A. Bansemer, J. Iaquinta, L. Miloshevich, M. Kajikawa, C. Twohy, M. Poellot
Title:	A General Aproach for Deriving the Properties of Cirrus and Stratification Ice Cloud Particles
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3-29
Abstract:	A new approach is described for calcualting the mass (m) and terminal velocity of ice particles from airborne and balloon-borne imaging probe data as well as its applications for remote sensing and modeling studies.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/185

Date:	3/2002
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Nasiri, S.L., B.A. Baum, A.J. Heymsfield, P. Yang, M.R. Poellot, D.P. Kratz, Y. Hu
Title:	The Development of Midlatitude Cirrus Models for MODIS Using FIRE-I, FIRE-II, and ARM in Situ Data
Publication:	J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 197-217
Abstract:	Detailed in situ data from cirrus clouds have been collected during dedicated field campaigns, but the use of the size and habit distribution data has been lagging in the development of more realistic cirrus scattering models.
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Record ID:	11/186

Date:	2/27/2001
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Dessler, A.E.
Title:	The Effect of Deep, Tropical Convection on the Tropical Tropopause Layer
Publication:	J. Geophys. Res., 107, 1-5
Abstract:	There is evidence that most detrainment from tropical convection occurs below ~ 14km, about 2 km below, the tropopause.
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Record ID:	11/187

Date:	12/08/1995
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Brock, C.A., Hamoll, P., Wilson, J.C., Jonsson, H.H., Chan, K.R.
Title:	PArticle Formation in the Upper Tropical Troposphere: A source of Nuclei for the Stratospheric Aerosol
Publication:	Science, Vol.270
Abstract:	Atmosoheric measurements and numerical calculations described here indicate that binary homogeneous nucleation
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Record ID:	11/188

Date:	07/15/02
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Wang, Z., K. Sassen
Title:	Cirrus Cloud Microphysical Property Retrieval Using Lidar and Radar Measurements. Part II: Midlatitude Cirrus Microphysical and Radiative Properties
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2291-2302
Abstract:	The lidar-radar algorithm described in Part I of this set of papers is applied to ~1000 h of Raman lidar and millimeter wave cloud radar (MMCR) data collected at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program Southern Great Plains Clouds and Radiation Testbed site in Oklahoma during the period from November 1996 to November 2000.
Location:	Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/189

Date:	09/01/2002
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Lin, R.F., D.O. Starr, P.J. DeMott, R. Cotton, K. Sassen, E. Jensen, B. Karcher, X. Liu
Title:	Cirrus Parcel Model Comparison Project. Phase I: Thr Critical Components to Simulate Cirrus Initiation Explicity
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2305-2329
Abstract:	The Cirrus Parcel Model Comparison Project, a project of the GCSS [Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Cloud System Studies] Working Group on Cirrus Cloud Systems, involves the systematic comparison of current models of ice crystal nucleation and growth for specified, typical, cirrus cloud enviornments.
Location:	Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/190

Date:	01
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Kolb, I.L., W.Y.Y. Cheng, W.R. Cotton
Title:	Laser transmission through simulated cirrus clouds by one-layer and multiple layer propagation models
Publication:	32nd AIAA Plasmadynamics and Laser Conference
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 42 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/191

Date:	01
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Kolb, I.L., W.Y.Y. Cheng, W.R. Cotton
Title:	Laser transmission through simulated cirrus clouds
Publication:	SPIE/Aerosense 15th Annual International Symposium on Aerospace/Defense Sensing Simulation and Controls
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 42 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/192

Date:	01
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (39) Large Eddy Simulation
Author:	Cheng, W.Y.Y., T. Wu., and W.R. Cotton
Title:	Large-eddy simulations of the 26 November 1991 FIRE II Cirrus Case
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1017-1034
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 42 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/193

Date:	11/15/2002
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Platt, C.M.R., S.A. Young, R.T. Austin, G.R. Patterson, D.L. Mitchell, S.D. Miller
Title:	LIRAD Observations of Tropical Cirrus Clouds in MCTEX. Part I: Optical Properties and Detection of Small Particles in Cold Cirrus
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3145-3162
Abstract:	This paper presents further results on the optical properties of tropical and equatorial cirrus using the light detecting and ranging (lidar) radiometer method.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/194

Date:	11/15/2002
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Platt, C.M.R., R.T. Austin, S.A. Young, A.J. Heymsfeld
Title:	LIRAD Observations of Tropical Cirrus Clouds in MCTEX. Part II: Optical Properties and Base Cooling in Dissipating Storm Anvil Clouds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3163-3177
Abstract:	During the Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment (MCTEX) several decaying storm anvils were observed.
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Record ID:	11/195

Date:	1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Harrington, Meyers, DeMott, Cotton
Title:	Sensitivity Studies of the 25-26 November FIRE II Cirrus Event
Publication:	8th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation, 23-28 1994, Nashville, TN.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 30 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/196

Date:	1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	DeMott, Meyers, Harrington, Cotton
Title:	A Three-Dimensional investigation of the 26 November 1991 FIRE case study with RAMS
Publication:	8th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation, 23-28 January 1994, Nashville, TN.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 30 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/197

Date:	1993
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heckman, Cotton
Title:	Mesoscale numerical simulation of cirrus clouds-FIRE case study and sensitivity analysis
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2264-2284
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 30 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/198

Date:	1992
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:	DeMott, Meyers, Cotton
Title:	Numerical Model Simulations of Cirrus Clouds Including Homegeneous Ice Nucleation
Publication:	11th Conference on Clouds & Precipitation, 17-21 August 1992, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 29 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/199

Date:	1991
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heckman, Cotton, Flatau
Title:	Mesoscale numerical simulation of cirrus clouds--FIRE case study
Publication:	9th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, 14-18 October 1991, AMS, Boston, MA.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 28 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/200

Date:	1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, Heymsfield, Rao
Title:	Moisture and heat budgets of a cirrus cloud from aircraft measurements during FIRE-October 31 case study
Publication:	Conference on Cloud Physics, July 23-27 1990, San Francisco, CA.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 11 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/201

Date:	1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Gultepe, Heemsfield, Lenschow
Title:	A comparison of vertical velocity in cirruns obtained from aircraft and lidar divergence measurements during FIRE
Publication:	J. Atmos. and Oceanic Tech., 7, 58-67
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 27 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/202

Date:	1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Flatau, Stephens, Draine
Title:	Radiative properties of visible and subvisible cirrus: Scattering on hexagonal ice crystals
Publication:	Conference on FIRE Science Results, July 11-15 1988, Vail, CO.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 27 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/203

Date:	1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Stephens, Flatau, Tsay, Hein
Title:	Radiative diffusivity factors in cirrus and stratocumulus clouds-Application to two-stream models
Publication:	Conference of Fire Science Results, July 10-14, 1989, Monterey, CA.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 27 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/204

Date:	1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Cotton, Nicholls, Heckman, Flatau
Title:	A modelin investigation of the 28 October 1986 FIRE Cirrus Case
Publication:	Cloud Impacts on DOD Operations and Systems (CIDOS) 1989/1990, January 9-11, Monterey, CA.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 26 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/205

Date:	1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Nicholls, Cotton, Heckman, Flatau, Tremback
Title:	A modeling investigation of the 28 October 1986 FIRE cirrus case
Publication:	Conference on Cloud Physics, July 23-27 1990, San Fransisco, CA.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 27 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/206

Date:	1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Flatau, Gultepe, Nastrom, Cotton, Heymfield
Title:	Cirrus clouds spectra and layers observed during the FIRE and GASP projects
Publication:	Conference on Cloud Physics, July 23-27 1990, San Francisco, CA.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 27 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/207

Date:	1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (60) Atmospheric Radiation
Author:	Stephens, Flatau, Tsay, Hein
Title:	Radiative diffusivity factors in cirrus and stratocumulus clouds-Application to two-stream models
Publication:	FIRE Annual Scientific Meetin, 10-14 July, Monterey, CA.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 26 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/208

Date:	1990
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Stephens, Tsay, Stackhouse, Flatau
Title:	The relevance of the microphysical and radiative properties of cirrus clouds to climate and climate feedback
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1742-1753
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 26 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/209

Date:	1989
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Flatau, Dalu, Cotton, Stephens, Heymsfield
Title:	Mixed Layer model of Cirrus Clouds: Growth and dissipation mechanisms
Publication:	Symposium on the Role of Clouds in Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Climate, Jan. 29-Feb. 3, Annaheim, CA.
Abstract:	none.
Location:	reprints box 26 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/210

Date:	12/15/2002
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Heymsfield, A.J., A. Bansemer, P.R. Field, S.L. Durden, J.L. Stith, J.E. Dye, W. Hall, C.A. Grainger
Title:	Observations and parameterizations of particle size distributions in deep tropical cirrus and stratiform precipitating clouds: Results from in situ observations in TRMM Field campaigns
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3457-3491
Abstract:	This study reports on the evolution of particle size ditributions (PSDs) and habits as measured during slow, Lagrangian-type spiral descents through deep subtropical and tropical cloud layers in Florida, Brazil, and Kwajalein, Marshall Islands, most of which were precipitating.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	11/211

Date:	2/1/2003
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Luo, Y., S.K. Krueger, G.G. Mace, K.M. Xu
Title:	Cirrus cloud properties from a cloud-resolving model simulation compared to cloud radar observations
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 510-525
Abstract:	Cloud radar data collected at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program's South Great Plains site were used to evaluate the properties of cirrus cloud that occurred in a cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulation of the 29-day summer 1997 intensive observation period (IOP).
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/212

Date:	01/01/2003
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Luo, Z.
Title:	Investigation of tropical cirrus, their variability, evolution, and rleation to the upper tropospheric water vapor
Publication:	Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia Univ., New York, 184 pp.
Abstract:	This thesis investigates three topics concerning tropical cirrus: 1) comparison of satellite-based cirrus retrieval schemes; 2) variability of...
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/213

Date:	01/01/2003
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Sassen, K., K.N. Liou, Y. Takano, V.I. Khvorostyanov
Title:	Diurnal effects in the composition of cirrus clouds
Publication:	Geophys. Res. Ltrs., 30, pp?
Abstract:	Extended (7-y) polarization lidar data, which are sensitive to ice crystal shape and orientation, are used to search for diurnal changes in cirrus clouds caused by solar heating.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/214

Date:	01/01/2003
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Parameswaran, K., S.V. SunilKumar, B.V. Krishna Murthy, K. Satheesan, Y. Bhavani Kumar, M. Krishnaiah, P.R. Nair
Title:	Lidar observations of cirrus cloud near the tropical tropopause: temporal variations and association with tropospheric turbulence
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 69, 29-49
Abstract:	Cirrus clouds forming just below the tropical tropopause and associated atmospheric turbulence are studied using a monostatic lidar and Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere (MST) radar.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/215

Date:	01/01/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Bakan, S., M. Betancor, V. Gayler, H. Grabl
Title:	Contrail frequency over Europe from NOAA-satellite images
Publication:	Ann. Geophysicae, 12, 962-968
Abstract:	Contrail cloudiness over Europe and the eastern part of the North Atlantic Ocean was analysized for the two periods September 1989-August 1992 by visual inspection...
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/216

Date:	01/01/1994
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Schumann, U.
Title:	On the effect of emissions from aircraft engines on the state of the atmosphere
Publication:	Ann. Geophysicae, 12, 365-384.
Abstract:	Emissions from aircraft engines include carbon dioxide, water vapour, nitrogen oxides, sulphur components and various other gases and particles.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/217

Date:	04/15/2003
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Liu, H.C., P.K. Wang, R.E. Schlesinger
Title:	A numerical study of cirrus clouds. Part I: Model description
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1075-1084.
Abstract:	This article, the first of a two-part series, presents a detailed description of a two-dimensional numerical cloud model directed toward elucidating the physical processes governing the evolution of cirrus clouds.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/218

Date:	01/01/2004
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (18) Cumulonimbus
Author:	Wang, P.K.
Title:	A cloud model interpretation of jumping cirrus above storm top
Publication:	Geophys. Res. Ltrs., 31, L18106, doi: 10.1029/2004GL0200787.
Abstract:	A dynamically driven mechanism occuring above severe thunderstorms is described, which can explain the jumping cirrus phenomenon.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/219

Date:	05/01/2003
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Liu, H.C., P.K. Wang, R.E. Schlesinger
Title:	A numerical study of cirrus clouds. Part II: Effects of ambient temperature, stability, radiation, ice microphysics, and microdynamics of cirrus evolution
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1097-1119.
Abstract:	Using the numerical cirrus cloud model devleoped in Part I of this study, the development of cirrus is examine for four different environmental regimes: warm unstable, cold unstable, warm stable, and cold stable.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/220

Date:	01/01/2005
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Mitrescu, C., J.M. Haynes, G.L. Stephens, S.D. Miller, G.M. Heysfield, M.J. McGill
Title:	Cirrus cloud optical, microphysical, and radiative properties observed during the CRYSTAL-FACE experiment: A lidar-radar retrieval system
Publication:	J. Geophys. Res., 110, D09208, doi:10.1029/2004JD005605
Abstract:	A method of retrieving cloud microphysical properties using combined observations from both cloud radar and lidar is introduced.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/221

Date:	05/01/2005
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Luo, Y., S.K. Krueger, S. Moorthi
Title:	Cloud properties simulated by a single-column model. Part I: Comparison to cloud radar observations of cirrus clouds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 1428-1445
Abstract:	This study describes and demonstrates a new method for identifying deficiencies in how cloud processes are represented in large-scale models.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/222

Date:	07/01/2005
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:	Schlimme, I., A. Macke, J. Reichardt
Title:	The impact of ice crystal shapes, size distributions, and spatial structures of cirrus clouds on solar radiative fluxes
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2274-2283.
Abstract:	The solar radiative properties of cirrus clouds depend on ice particle shape, size, and orientation, as well as on the spatial cloud structure.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/223

Date:	07/01/2005
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Garrett, T.J., B.C. Navarro, C.H. Twohy, E.J. Jensen, D.G. Baumgardner, P.T. Bui, H. Gerber, R.L. Herman, A.J. Heymsfield, P. Lawson, P. Minnis, L. Nguyen, M. Poellot, S.K. Pope, F.P.J. Valero, E.M. Weinstock
Title:	Evolution of a Florida cirrus anvil
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2352-2372
Abstract:	This paper presents a detailed study of a single thunderstorm anvil cirrus cloud measured on 21 July 2002 near southern Florida during the Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers-Florida Area Cirrus Experiment (CRYSTAL-FACE).
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/224

Date:	07/01/2005
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (45) Microphysics - Ice Phase
Author:	Hoyle, C.R., B.P. Luo, T. Peter
Title:	The origin of high ice crystal number densities in cirrus clouds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2568-2579.
Abstract:	Recent measurements with four independent particle instruments in cirrus clouds, which formed without convective or orographic influence, report high number densities of ice particles (as high as n_ice = 50 cm^-3_ embedded in broad density distributions (n_ice = 0.1-50 cm^-3).
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/225

Date:	01/01/2005
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (18) Cumulonimbus
Author:	Phillips, V.T.J., C. Andronache, S.C. Sherwood, A. Bansemer, W.C. Conant, P.J. DeMott, R.C. Flagan, A. Heymsfield, H. Jonsson, M. Poellot, T.A. Rissman, J.H. Seinfeld, T. Vanrenken, V. Varutbangkul, J.C. Wilson
Title:	Anvil glaciation in a deep cumulus updraught over Florida simulated with the explicit microphysics model. I: Impact of various nucleation processes
Publication:	Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.., 13, 2019-2046.
Abstract:	Simulations of a cumulonimbus cloud observed in the Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layer-Florida Area Cirrus Experiment (CRYSTAL-FACE) with an advanced verion of the explicit Microphysics Model (EMM) are presented.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/226

Date:	01/01/2006
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (18) Cumulonimbus
Author:	Hong, G., G. Heygster, C. Augusto, M. Rodriguez
Title:	Effect of cirrus clouds on the diurnal cycle of tropical deep convective clouds
Publication:	J. Geophys. Res., 111, D06209, doi:10.1029;2005JD006208.
Abstract:	The cirrus clouds tightly connected with tropical deep convective clouds can extend and persist for some hours after the deep convective clouds themselves dissipate.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/227

Date:	04/15/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Minnis, P., D.F. Young, D.P. Garber, L. Nguyen, W.L. Smith, Jr., R. Palikonda
Title:	Transformation of contrails into cirrus during SUCCESS
Publication:	Geophys. Res. Ltrs., 25, No. 8, 1157-1160.
Abstract:	Three contrail systems were analyzed with geostationary satellite data to document the conversion of the contrails to cirrus clouds.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/228

Date:	09/01/1997
Subject:	(11) Cirrus (12) Climate
Author:	Sassen, K.
Title:	Contrail-cirrus and their potential for regional climate change
Publication:	Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 78, 1885-1903.
Abstract:	After reviewing the indirect evidence for the regional climatic impact of contrail-generated cirrus clouds (contrail-cirrus), the author presents a variety of new measurements indicating the nature and scope of the problem.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/229

Date:	04/15/1998
Subject:	(11) Cirrus
Author:	Spinhirne, J.D., W.D. Hart, D.P. Duda
Title:	Evolution of the morphology and microphysics of contrail cirrus from airborne remote sensing
Publication:	Geophys. Res. Ltrs., 25, 1153-1156.
Abstract:	Contrail cirrus were observed by airborne lider and multispectral infrared remote sensing.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	11/230

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