Cotton Library Subject Index

Date:	11/01/1988
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Czys, R.R., H.T. Ochs, III
Title:	The influence of charge on the coalescence of water drops in free fall
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3161-3168
Abstract:	The influence of charge on coalescence was determined in the laboratory for isolated pairs of 340 and 190 micro-m water drops falling freely at terminal velocity. A microcomputer-controlled apparatus was used to produce collisions. Drop charges were independently controlled and collisions occurred in a humid
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Record ID:	8/1

Date:	07/01/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Idone, V.P., R.E. Orville, R.W. Henderson
Title:	Ground truth: A positive cloud-to-ground lightning flash
Publication:	J. Clim. Appl. Met., 23, 1148-1151
Abstract:	We describe the circumstances and effects of a cloud-to-ground lightning flash that lowered positive charge and struck a residential home near Albany, New York. The characteristics of the flash were detected
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Record ID:	8/2

Date:	00/00/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Jayaratne, E.R., D.J. Griggs
Title:	Electric charge separation during the fragmentation of rime in an airflow
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2492-2495
Abstract:	The response of a two-dimensional stably stratified shear flow to diabatic cooling, which represents the evaporative cooling of falling precipitation in the subcloud layer, is examined using both a linear analytical theory and a nonlinear numerical model. The ambient wind
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Record ID:	8/3

Date:	12/01/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Manohar, G.K., S.S. Kandalgaonkar, S.M. Sholapurkar
Title:	Point-discharge-current observations in the thunderstorm environment of the years 1987-1988 at Pune
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 3104-3107
Abstract:	Observations of point-discharge current through an artificially erected single point in the thunderstorm environment at Pune during the years 1987-1988 were made and studied for the monthly
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Record ID:	8/4

Date:	12/01/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Nisbet, J.S.
Title:	A dynamical model of thundercloud electric fileds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2855-2873
Abstract:	A dynamic interactive computer model of the electrical behavior of a thundercloud surrounded by the distributed atmosphere, earth, ionosphere circuit is described. The electrification mechanisms in the model are represented by current of voltage generators.
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Record ID:	8/5

Date:	08/01/1992
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Rasmussen, E., T. Rickenbach
Title:	A radar and electrical study of tropical 'hot towers'
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1386-1395
Abstract:	Radar and electrical measurements for deep tropical convection are examined for both 'break period' and 'monsoonal' regimes in the vicinity of Darwin, Australia. Break period convection consists primarily of deep continental convection, whereas
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Record ID:	8/6

Date:	07/01/1988
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (42) Mesoscale Convective Systems
Author:	Rutledge, S.A., D.R. MacGorman
Title:	Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the 10-11 June 1985 mesoscale convective system observed durng Oklahoma-Kansas PRE-STORM Project
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1393-1408
Abstract:	As part of the field progrma for the Oklahoma-Kansas PRE-STORM Project conducted in May-June 1985, a network of electromagnetic direction-finders to locate and detect the plarity of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes associated with mesoscale
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Record ID:	8/7

Date:	05/01/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Takahashi, T.
Title:	A numerical simulation of winter cumulus electrification. Part I: Shallow cloud
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1257-1280
Abstract:	The development of electricity in a shallow wintertime cumulus was studied using an axisymmetric cloud model containing both microphysical and electricial charge separation processes during graupel formation. The charge separation mechanisms considered included ion induction, ion diffusion, polarization and riming
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Record ID:	8/8

Date:	00/00/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Tzur, I., Z. Levin
Title:	Ions and precipitation charging in warm and cold clouds as similated in one-dimensional time-dependent models
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2444-2461
Abstract:	One-dimensional time-dependent models of warm and cold clouds were constructed to test the electrical and precipitation development in the presence of a variety of charge separation mechanisms. The models simulate charging by ion diffusion, the Wilson effect (ion conduction), polarization induction, the Workman-Reynolds effect and the thermoelectric effect. It was
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Record ID:	8/9

Date:	03/15/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Ziegler, C.L., D.L. MacGorman
Title:	Observed lightning morphology relative to modeled space charge and electric field distributions in a tornadi storm
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 833-851
Abstract:	This study uses a kinematic cloud model that includes electrification and lightning discharge processes to investigate hypotheses concerning intracloud lightning flash rates in the Binger, OK, tornadic storm of 22 May 1981. MacGorman et al. have observed that intracloud (IC) flash rates in this storm's mesocyclone
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Record ID:	8/10

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	MacGorman, D.R., D.W. Burgess
Title:	Positive cloud-to-ground lightning in tornadic storms and hailstorms.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1671-1697
Abstract:	Although negative ground flashes usually dominate cloud-to-ground lightning activity, positive ground flashes can dominate in some severe storms for periods ranging from 30 min to several hours. Unlike most other types of storms in which positive ground flashes occur, severe storms can have positive flash rates and densities of strike points comparable to those usually observed for negative ground flashes in active thunderstorms.
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Record ID:	8/11

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Reap, R.M.
Title:	Analysis and prediction of lightning strike distributions asociated with synoptic map types over Florida.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1698-1715
Abstract:	The temporal and spatial distributins of lightning activity associated with specific synoptic regimes of low-level wind flow were analyzed as part of an experiment to develop improved statistical thunderstorm forecasts for Florida.
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Record ID:	8/12

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Watson, A.I., R.L. Holle, R.E. Lopez
Title:	Cloud-to-ground lightning and upper-air patterns during bursts and breaks in the Southwest monsoon
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1726-1739
Abstract:	Convective bursts and breaks in the southwest U.S. monsoon are investigated in a lightning context because cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning is an excellent indicator of deep convection. Bursts and breaks are identified using six years of Bureau of Land Management CG lightning information.
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Record ID:	8/13

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stolzenburg, M.
Title:	Observations of high ground flash densities of positive lightning in summertime thunderstorms.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1740-1750
Abstract:	Observations of summertime thunderstorms indicate that positive polarity cloud-to-ground lightning activity can occur with rates as high as 67 flashes in 5 min and spatial densities up to 0.60 flashes per square kilometer per hour. All ground flashes in a storm may be positive for substantial periods.
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Record ID:	8/14

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Zipser, E.J., K.R. Lutz
Title:	The vertical profile of radar reflectivity of convective cells: a strong indicator of storm intensity and lightning probability?
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1751-1759
Abstract:	Reflectivity data from Doppler radars are used to construct vertical profiles of radar reflectivity (VPRR) of convective cells in mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in three different environmental regimes. The National Center for Atmospheric Research CP-3 and CP-4 radars are used to calculate median VPRR for MCSs in the Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central in 1985.
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Record ID:	8/15

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stolzenburg, M., T.C. Marshall, W.D. Rust, B.F. Smull.
Title:	Horizontal distribution of electrical and meteorological conditions across the stratiform region of a mesoscale convective system.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1777-1797
Abstract:	Five soundings of the electric field and thermodynamic properties were made in a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that occurred in Oklahoma and Texas on 2-3 June 1991. Airborne Doppler radar data were obtained from three passes through the stratiform echo. From these electrical, kinematical, and reflectivity measurements, a conceptual model of the electrical structure of an MCS is developed.
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Record ID:	8/16

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Holle, R.L., A.I. Watson, R.E. Lopez, D.R. MacGorman, R. Ortiz, W.D. Otto.
Title:	The life cycle of lightning and severe weather in a 3-4 June 1985 PRE-STORM mesoscale convective system
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1798-1808
Abstract:	Cloud-to-ground lightning falsh characteristics of a series of four mesoscale convective systems (MCS) that occured in Oklahoma and Kansas on 3-4 June 1985 during the Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central project are described. A total of 23,490 flashes were detected by the network from all four MCSs, 96% of them lowered negative charge to ground.
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Record ID:	8/17

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Nielsen, K.E., R.A. Maddox, S.V. Vasiloff
Title:	The evolution of cloud-to-ground lightning within a portion of the 10-11 June 1985 squall line.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1809-1817
Abstract:	The character of cloud-to-ground lightning is examined during the life cycle of a distinct mesoscale segment of the 10-11 June 1985 mesoscale convective system (MCS). Three phases of lightning activity are identified and related to both the radar-observed structure of the convection and to the severe weather produced by the MCS. Positive strikes to ground are dominant when the MCS is first developing.
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Record ID:	8/18

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Hondl, K.D., M.D. Eilts
Title:	Doppler radar signatures of developing thunderstorms and their potential to indicate the onset of cloud-to-ground lightning.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1818-1836
Abstract:	The capability of Doppler weather radars to short-term forecast the initiation of thunderstorms and the onset of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning is examined. Doppler weather radar data from 28 thunderstorms were analyzed from August 1990 in the central Florida environment. These radar exhoes were associated with CG lightning strike locations from the National Lightning Detection Network and two lightning detection systems operated by the U.S. Air Force in the vicinity of Kennedy Space Center.
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Record ID:	8/19

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Zipser, E.J.
Title:	Deep cumulonimbus cloud systems in the tropics with and without lightning
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1837-1851
Abstract:	The thunderstorm frequency over the oceans during the Global Atmospheric Research Program Atlantic Tropical Experiment is quantified by examination of over 20,000 surface houly observations from research ships. The overall thunderstorm frequency is one thunderstorm day per ship per month. There were many examples of intense mesoscale systems, such as squall lines, passing over the ships, extending to 13-17 km in altitude, but that nevertheless produce few reports of lightning.
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Record ID:	8/20

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Solomon, R., M. Baker.
Title:	Electrification of New Mexico thunderstorms.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1878-1886
Abstract:	The authors use a numerical model of early electrification in thunderstorms, together with observations of a series of summer thunderstorms in New Mexico, to understand the roles of certain environmental factors in determining thunderstorm electrification.
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Record ID:	8/21

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Samsury, C.E., R.E. Orville
Title:	Cloud-to-ground lightning in tropical cyclones: A study of Hurricanes Hugo (1989) and Jerry (1989).
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1887-1896
Abstract:	Cloud-to-ground lightning characteristics of two Atlantic tropical cyclones of 1989, Hurricanes Hugo and Jerry are presented. Statistics on the number of flashes, location, polarity, peak currents, and multiplicity (number of strokes per flash) are examined in an 18-h period divided into prelandfall and postlandfall categories.
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Record ID:	8/22

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Williams, E.R.
Title:	Global Circuit response to seasonal variations in global surface air temperature.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1917-1929
Abstract:	Comparisons are made between the seasonal behavior of the global electrical circuit and the surface air temperature for the Tropics and for the globe. Positive correlations between global circuit parameters and temperature are identified on both semiannual and annual timescales.
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Record ID:	8/23

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Price, C., D. Rind
Title:	Modeling global lightning distributions in a general circulation model.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1930-1939
Abstract:	A general circulation model (GCM) is used to model global lightning distributions and frequencies. Both total and cloud-to-ground lightning frequencies are modeled using parameterizations that relate the depth of convective clouds to lightning frequencies. The model's simulations of lightning distributions in time and space show good agreement with available observations.
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Record ID:	8/24

Date:	08/00/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Lyons, W.A.
Title:	Low-light video observations of frequent luminous structures in the stratosphere above thunderstorms.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1940-1946 (Picture of the month)
Abstract:	0
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Record ID:	8/25

Date:	05/20/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Orville, R.E.
Title:	Cloud-to-ground lightning flash characteristics in the contigous United States: 1989-1991
Publication:	J. Geophys. Res., 99, D5, 10,833-10,841
Abstract:	Wideband magnetic direction finders have been used to obtain a cloud-to-ground lightning flash count for the contigous United States, and area of 7.7 X 10^6km^2, for the period 1989 through 1991. Over 46 million flashes to ground were recorded and are divided among the three years, 13.4 million in 1989, 15.9 million in 1990, and 16.9 million in 1991. Maximum flash densities occur in Florida and increase each year, from 9 flashes km^-2 (1989) to 13 flashes km^-2 (1991).
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Record ID:	8/26

Date:	08/01/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Rutledge, S.A., W.A. Petersen
Title:	Vertical radar reflectivity structure and cloud-to-ground lightning in the stratiform region of MCSs: Further evidence for in situ charging in the stratiform region
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1760-1776
Abstract:	0
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Record ID:	8/27

Date:	05/01/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Kamra, A.K., D.V. Ahire
Title:	Electrical atmoization of water dripping from melting ice pieces and its possible role in thunderstorms
Publication:	J. Clim Appl. Met., 23, 845-847
Abstract:	When a small isolated ice piece of conical shape is suspended with its apex facing down between two horizontal parallel electrodes and an electric field of 1 to 1.6 kV cm^-1 is applied between them with the lower
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Record ID:	8/28

Date:	02/15/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Koshak, W.J., E.P. Krider
Title:	A linear method for analyzing lightning field changes.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 473-488
Abstract:	A constrained, least-square method for analyzing multi-station measurements of lightning field changes (Delta Es) is introduced. Previous methods have attempted to fit the spatial pattern of lightning Delta Es using nonlinear models, such as a point charge (Q) or a point dipole (P) model. With the linear method, the Delta Es are described not by models but by a general volume charge distribution that is
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Record ID:	8/29

Date:	01/01/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Kumar, R. V. Singe, J. Rai
Title:	Effect of the reaction N + NO -> N^*_2 (v=5) + 0 on the production of NO by lightning
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 323-325
Abstract:	The channel heating model is used to study the NO production by lightning. The reaction N + NO -> N^*_2 (v=5) + 0 is included in this model to investigate the effect on NO production. The calculations show significant changes in the NO production reported in earlier studies. It is found that the production of NO decreases by a factor of 2 at lower rates of mixing
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Record ID:	8/30

Date:	09/01/1990
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Moore, P.K., R.E. Orville
Title:	Lightning characteristics in lake-effect thunderstorms
Publication:	Mon. WEa. Rev., 118, 1767-1782
Abstract:	The characteristics of Great Lakes-induced storms and their cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashed are examined for four fall-winter seasons, beginning with the fall 1983-winter 1984 season. Satellite, surface upper air, and lake temperature data were used in the analysis of the meteorological characterists of the storms. The characteristics of the CG lightning flashes were recorded by the State University of New York
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Record ID:	8/31

Date:	00/00/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Takahashi, T.
Title:	Thunderstorm electrification--A numerical study
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2541-2558
Abstract:	The results of a numerical model of thunderstorm electrification that includes riming electrification compare favorably with many cloud observations. A strong electric charge accumulates through two major strages in the cloud: Stage 1 occurs near the cloud top (-30\deg C) in the developing stage when large charges accumulate
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Record ID:	8/32

Date:	11/01/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Roohr, P.B., T.H. Vonder Haar
Title:	A comparative analysis of the temporal variability of lightning observations and GOES imagery
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 33, 1271-1290
Abstract:	Lightning Positioning and Tracking System (LPATS) data received by the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere via a real-time weather data network were used to study the temporal variability of lightning for a frontal system and hurricane that affected the United States in 1989.
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Record ID:	8/33

Date:	11/01/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Vonnegut, B.
Title:	Comment on 'A review of thunderstorm electrification processes'
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 33, 1376
Abstract:	0
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Record ID:	8/34

Date:	11/01/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Saunders, C.P.R.
Title:	Reply to 'Comment on `A review of thunderstorm electrification processes''
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 33, 1377
Abstract:	0
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Record ID:	8/35

Date:	09/20/1992
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Saunders, C.P.R., I.M. Brooks
Title:	The effects of high liquid water content on thunderstorm charging
Publication:	J. Geophys. Res., 97, D13, 14,671-14,676
Abstract:	0
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Record ID:	8/36

Date:	01/01/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Vonnegut, B.
Title:	The atmospheric electricity paradigm
Publication:	Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 75, 53-61
Abstract:	Remarkable aspects of the thundercloud are its intense electrification, precipitation, and convection.
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Record ID:	8/37

Date:	01/20/1995
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Marshall, T.C., W.D. Rust, M. Stolzenburg
Title:	Electrical stucture and updraft speeds in thunderstorms over the southern Great Plains.
Publication:	J. Geophys. Res., 100, D1, 1001-1015
Abstract:	0
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Record ID:	8/38

Date:	07/00/1995
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Beasley, W.H.
Title:	Lightning research: 1991-1994
Publication:	Rev. Geophys., Supplement, 833-843, U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991-1994
Abstract:	No Abstract
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Record ID:	8/39

Date:	1/1/1995
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Volland, H., Ed.
Title:	Handbook of Atmospheric Electrodynamics
Publication:	CRC Press,Boca Raton, FL.
Abstract:	None
Location:	Box 4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/40

Date:	8/25/1995
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Boccippio, D.J., E.R. Williams, S.J. Heckman, W.A. Lyons, I.T. Baker, R. Boldi
Title:	Sprites, ELF transients, and positive ground strokes
Publication:	Science, 269, 1088-1091
Abstract:	In two summertime mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), mesopheric optical sprite phenomena were ofter coincident with both large-amplitude positive cloud-to-ground lightning and
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Record ID:	8/41

Date:	1/15/1996
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Scavuzzo, C.M., G.M. Caranti
Title:	Thunderstorm electrification analysis: The dependence on the temperature-LWC diagram.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2, 349-358
Abstract:	The dependence on liquid water content (LWC) and temperature (T) of the charge transfder, and in particular its sign, during ice crystal-graupel collisions is a matter of controversy.
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Record ID:	8/42

Date:	6/27/1996
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Despiau, S., H. Houngninou
Title:	Raindrop charge, precipitation, and Maxwell currents under tropical storms and showers.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 101, D10, 14991-14997
Abstract:	Measurements of electric charges of raindrops, electric field, and Maxwell current were made at Abidjan (5N, 4W) from October 1988 to June 1990.
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Record ID:	8/43

Date:	8/27/1996
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	French, J.R., J.H. Helsdon, A.G. Detwiler, P.L. Smith
Title:	Microphysical and electrical evolution of a Florida thunderstorm. 1. Observations.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 101, D14, 18961-18977
Abstract:	This study deals with the microphysical and electrical evolution of a thunderstorm that occurred on August 9, 1991, during the Convection and Precipitation/Electrification Experiment in eastern Florida.
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Record ID:	8/44

Date:	4/1/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Orville, R.E., A.C. Silver
Title:	Annual Summary: Lightning ground flash density in the contiguous United States.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 4, 631-638
Abstract:	Cloud-to-ground lightning data for the years 1992-1995 have been analyzed for geographical distribution of total flashes, positive flashes, and the percentage of flashes that lower positive charge to ground.
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Record ID:	8/45

Date:	4/1/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Maddox, R.A., K.W. Howard, C.L. Dempsey
Title:	Intense convective storms with little or no lightning over Central Arizona: A case of inadvertent weather modification.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 6, 4, 302-314
Abstract:	On 20/21 August 1993, deep convective storms occurred across much of Arizona, except for the southwestern quarter of the state.
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Record ID:	8/46

Date:	12/27/1996
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Avila, E.E., G.G. Aguirre Varela, G.M. Caranti
Title:	Charging in ice-ice collisions as a function of the ambient temperature and the larger particle average temperature.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 101, D23, 29609-29614
Abstract:	Measurements of charge transfer between ice particles are reported.
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Record ID:	8/47

Date:	01/01/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Brooks, I.M., C.P.R. Saunders, R.P. Mitzeva, S.L. Peck
Title:	The effect on thunderstorm charging of the rate of rime accretion by graupel
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 43, 277-295
Abstract:	Analysis of laboratory data concerned the charging of small graupel pellets in thundestorms has shown that the charge transferred to a riming target during collision
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Record ID:	8/48

Date:	7/1/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Holle, R.L., S.P. Bennett
Title:	Lightning ground flashes associated with summer 1990 flash floods and streamflow in Tucson, Arizona: An exploratory study.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 1526-1536
Abstract:	Eight flash flood events occurred in the Tucson area of southeastern Arizona during the 1990 summer when a high-resolution lightning detection network was operated in the region.
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Record ID:	8/49

Date:	12/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Takeda, T., Wu, P.-M., Okada, K.
Title:	Dependence of light scattering coefficient of aerosols on relative humidity in the atmosphere of Nagoya.
Publication:	J. of the Met. Soc. of Japan, 64, 957-966
Abstract:	Measurements of scattering coefficient of atmospheric aerosols as a function of relative humdidity and electron-microscope examination of individual particles
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Record ID:	8/50

Date:	2/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Takeuchi, Y.
Title:	Effects of cloud shape on the light scattering.
Publication:	J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 64, 95-107
Abstract:	A superimposed sinusoidal model is proposed to investigate the effects of cloud dimension and geometrical fine structure on the light scattering of cumulus clouds in the visible region.
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Record ID:	8/51

Date:	9/1/1985
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Titov, G.A.
Title:	Radiation transport in the broken-cloud model based on the Poisson point flux.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 21, 9, 724-730
Abstract:	Formulas are obtained for the moments of the optical parameters in a statistically homogeneous and nonisotropic cloud field, modeled on the basis of the Poisson point flux.
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Record ID:	8/52

Date:	5/1/1970
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	On the possible absorption of visible light by clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 514-515
Abstract:	Danielson et al. have compared theoretical and experimental data on shortwave cloud albedos and have suggested that absorption by the cloud nuclei is responsible for the tendency of measured albedo to be lower than those based on theoretical predictions for a non-absorbing atmosphere.
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Record ID:	8/53

Date:	6/1/1976
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	Computations of the absorption of solar radiation by clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1087-1091
Abstract:	Using published data for water vapor absoption and for absorption by liquid (or ice) water the absorption of solar radiation by clouds was computed for several representative cloud models.
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Record ID:	8/54

Date:	1/1/1974
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	Pollution and the planetary albedo.
Publication:	Atmos. Env., 8, 1251-1256
Abstract:	Addition of cloud nuclei by pollution can lead to an increase in the solar radiation reflected by clouds.
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Record ID:	8/55

Date:	9/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S., C.F. Bohren
Title:	Simple approximations for calculations of absorption in clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2086-2094
Abstract:	Scaling principles can be used to transform problems of radiative transfer in media that scatter anisotropically to equivalent isotropic problems with exact solutions.
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Record ID:	8/56

Date:	1/1/1967
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S., H. Jacobowitz, H.B. Howell
Title:	Light scattering by cloud layers.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 70-79
Abstract:	Results of calculations of diffuse reflection and transmission of cloud-model layers are presented.
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Record ID:	8/57

Date:	5/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S., K.J. Seton
Title:	Inferences of gross microphysical properties of clouds from spectral reflectance measurements.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1065-1069
Abstract:	Spectral reflectances have been calculated by accepted methods for water cloud layers having various microphysical properties.
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Record ID:	8/58

Date:	1/1/1987
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Vel'tishchev, N.N., A.S. Ginzburg
Title:	Few-level radiative-convective model of the atmosphere.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 23, 4, 255-261
Abstract:	A new type of radiative-convective model of the atmosphere and its possible application to the study of the climatic effects of trace gaseous components of the atmosphere and the effect of different types of aerosols on the climatic system are studied.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/59

Date:	7/1/1977
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Viskanta, R., R.W. Bergstrom, R.O. Johnson
Title:	Radiative transfer in a polluted urban planetary boundary layer.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1091-1103
Abstract:	Radiative transfer in a polluted urban atmosphere has been studied using a dynamic model.
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Record ID:	8/60

Date:	2/1/1982
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Warren, S.G.
Title:	Optical properties of snow.
Publication:	Rev. Goephys. and Space Phys., 20, 1, 67-89
Abstract:	Measurements of the dependence of snow albedo on wavelength, zenith angle, grain size, impurity content, and cloud cover can be interpreted in terms of single-scattering and multiple-scattering radiative transfer theory.
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Record ID:	8/61

Date:	7/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Webster, P.J., G.L. Stephens
Title:	Tropical upper-tropospheric extended clouds: Inferences from winter MONEX.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1521-1541
Abstract:	The most common cloud species observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment was thick (optically black) middle and upper tropospheric extended cloud.
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Record ID:	8/62

Date:	1/1/1978
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Welch, R.M., J. Paegle, W.G. Zdunkowski
Title:	Two-dimensional numerical simulation of the effects of air pollution upon the urban-rural complex.
Publication:	Tellus, 30, 136-150
Abstract:	A 2D radiative-dynamic interaction model is developed to study the impact of air pollution on urban areas and on the regions directly downwind of the city.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/63

Date:	5/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Welch, R.M., W.G. Zdunkowski
Title:	The radiative characteristics of noninteracting cumulus cloud fields. Part I: Parameterization for finite clouds.
Publication:	Cont. to Atmos. Phys., 54, 258-272
Abstract:	Second order polynomials are used to parameterize cloud reflectivity, transmissivity and absorptivity as functions of cumulus cloud diameter and solar zenith angle.
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Record ID:	8/64

Date:	5/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Welch, R.M., W.G. Zdunkowski
Title:	The radiative characteristics of noninteracting cumulus cloud fields. Part II: Calculations for cloud fields.
Publication:	Cont. to Atmos. Phys., 54, 273-285
Abstract:	Calculations of the radiative properties of cumulus cloud fields are presented in terms of observables: sky cover, exponential cloud distribution factor and diameter of the largest and smallest clouds in the distribution.
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Record ID:	8/65

Date:	4/15/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Wiscombe, W.J., R.M. Welch, W.D. Hall
Title:	The effects of very large drops on cloud absorption. Part I: Parcel Models.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1336-1355
Abstract:	In an effort to bring more realism to cloud-radiation calculations, a rising-parcel model of cloud microphysics and a 191 waveband model of atmospheric radiation have been brought to bear on the problem of cloud absorption of solar radiation
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/66

Date:	3/1/1970
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Yamamoto, G., M. Tanaka, S. Asano
Title:	Radiative transfer in water clouds in the infrared region.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 282-292
Abstract:	The problem of diffuse reflection, transmission and emission of infrared radiation by water clouds is investigated in the wavelength region from 5-50 u.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/67

Date:	1/1/1971
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Yamamoto, G., M. Tanaka, S. Asano
Title:	Radiative heat transfer in water clouds by infrared radiation.
Publication:	J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 11, 697-708
Abstract:	Radiative heat transfer in water clouds is studied by the method of discrete ordinates, taking into account not only scattering, absorption and emission by cloud droplets but also absorption and emission by water vapor in the cloud.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/68

Date:	11/01/1992
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (41) Mesoscale Meteorology
Author:	Churchill, D.D.
Title:	Vertical retrieval of solar and infrared irradiances in the stratiform regions of EMEX cloud clusters
Publication:	J. Appl. Meteor., 31, 1229-1247
Abstract:	A technique is described for retrieving upward and downward solar and infrared irradiances in time and height within the stratiform precipitaiton region of two tropical clusters.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/69

Date:	7/1/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (62) Satellite Meteorology
Author:	Adler, R.F., H.-Y.M. Yeh, N. Prasad, W.-K. Tao, J. Simpson
Title:	Microwave simulations of a tropical rainfall system with a three-dimensional cloud model.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 30, 7, 924-953
Abstract:	A three-dimensional cloud model-microwave radiative transfer model combination is used to study the relations among the precipitation and other microphysical characteristics of a tropical oceanic squall line and the upwelling radiance at pertinent microwave frequencies.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/70

Date:	7/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Tsay, S.-C., K. Jayaweera, K. Stamnes
Title:	Numerical study of the atmospheric radiative transfer process with applications to the Arctic energy balance.
Publication:	Sci. Report, Geophysical Inst., Univ. of Alaska, NSF Foundation grant DPP 84-06093, Paper UAG R-307
Abstract:	A high order discrete-ordinate approximation is utilized to solve the radiative transfer equation for both solar and terrestrial spectra.
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Record ID:	8/71

Date:	2/1/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Tsay, S.-C., K. Jayaweera
Title:	Physical and radiative properties of summertime Arctic stratus clouds.
Publication:	Univ. of Alaska, Geophysical Inst., Paper UAG R-294
Abstract:	In the Arctic summer, stratus clouds are frequent, extensive and persistent. they have significant effects on the heat budget of the lower atmosphere adn the sea ice surface.
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Record ID:	8/72

Date:	11/1/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	Radiative effects in California stratus.
Publication:	Cont. to Atmos. Phys., 56, 429-439
Abstract:	From microphysical cloud parameters, temperature and moisture measured by aircraft instruments, shortwave and longwave radiation profiles were computed and found to compare satisfactorily with flux measurements made by the aircraft.
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Record ID:	8/73

Date:	11/1/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	Aerosols, clouds and radiation.
Publication:	Atmos. Env., 25A, 2435-2442
Abstract:	Most of the so-called
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Record ID:	8/74

Date:	1/1/1985
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.A., M. Piepgrass, T.L. Wolff
Title:	Reply
Publication:	Tellus, 37B, 310-312
Abstract:	No abstract. Text: We cannot accept the proposition that, just because measurements may be difficult and their interpretation complicated by problmes such as (in the present instance) imperfect collection of some sizes, we should abandon measurements and trust to
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Record ID:	8/75

Date:	3/1/1987
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Weissbluth, M.J., J.M. Davis, S.K. Cox
Title:	A modeling study of visibility in the Grand Canyon
Publication:	Atmos. Env., 21, 3, 703-713
Abstract:	Using a backward version of the Monte Carlo radiative transfer model, radiance values in the Grand Canyon were simulated to within the precision of 10%.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/76

Date:	11/15/19988
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Wesley, D.A., S.K. Cox
Title:	Radiative processes in upper tropospheric mixed-phase clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 22, 3470-3482
Abstract:	The diffusional mass evolution of hydrometeors in upper tropospheric clouds for various radiative conditions in the cloud and for varying ambient moisture supply is simulated using a time dependent microphysical model.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/77

Date:	6/1/1990
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Yeh, H.-Y. M., N. Prasad, R.A. Mack, R.F. Adler
Title:	Aircraft microwave observations and simulations of deep convection from 18 to 183 GHz. Part II: Model results.
Publication:	J. Atmos. and Ocean. Tech., 7, 392-410
Abstract:	In Part II of the 29 June 1986 case study, a radiative transfer model is used to simulate the aircraft multichannel microwave brightness temperatures presented in Part I and to study the convective storm structure.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/78

Date:	1/1/1990
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Yeh, H.-Y. M., N. Prasad, R.F. Adler
Title:	Tabulation of Mie properties for an effective microwave radiative model.
Publication:	Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 42, 105-112
Abstract:	In microwave radiative transfer model simulations of atmospheric convective systems, the Mie calculations usually consume the majority of the computer time necessary for the calculations.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/79

Date:	1/1/1976
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Zdunkowski, W.G., K.-N. Liou
Title:	Humidity effects on the radiative properties of a hazy atmosphere in the visible spectrum.
Publication:	Tellus, 28, 31-36
Abstract:	The present investigation deals with the humidity effect on the radiative properties of a strongly polluted atmosphere in the visible spectrum.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/80

Date:	6/1/1990
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Adler, R.F., R.A. Mack, N. Prasad, H.-Y.M Yeh, I.M. Hakkarinen
Title:	Aircraft microwave observations and simulations of deep convective from 18 to 183 GHz. Part I: Observations.
Publication:	J. Atmos. and Ocean. Tech., 7, 3, 377-391
Abstract:	Aircraft passive microwave observations of deep atmospheric convection at frequencies between 18 and 183 GHz are presented in conjuction with visible and infrared satellite and aircraft observations and ground based radar observations.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/81

Date:	1/1/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Charlson, R.J., J. Langner, H. Rodhe, C.B. Leovy, S.G. Warren
Title:	Perturbation of the northern hemisphere radiative balance by backscattering from anthropogenic sulfate aerosols.
Publication:	Tellus, 43AB, 152-163
Abstract:	Anthropogenic sulfate aerosol particles play two potential roles in the radiative climate of the earth.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/82

Date:	3/1/1993
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Dept. of Energy
Title:	The possible direct use of satellite radiance measurements by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program.
Publication:	DOE/ER-0585T
Abstract:	This study examines the possibility of comparing outputs from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program directly with satellite measurements.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/83

Date:	7/1/1990
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Evans, K.F., J. Vivekanandan
Title:	Multiparameter radar and microwave radiative transfer modeling of nonspherical atmospheric ice particles.
Publication:	IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 28, 4, 423-437
Abstract:	Multiparameter radar and polarized microwave radiative transfer models for arbitrarily shaped particles are developed.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/84

Date:	9/1/1993
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Evans, K.F.
Title:	Two-dimensional radiative transfer in cloudy atmospheres: The spherical harmonic spatial grid method.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 18, 3111-3124
Abstract:	A new 2D monochromatic method that computes the transfer of solar or thermal radiation through atmospheres with arbitrary optical properties is described.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/85

Date:	4/1/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Harshvardhan
Title:	Atmospheric radiation.
Publication:	Reviews of Geo., Supplement, 56-68
Abstract:	Atmospheric radiative processes are studied or used in a wide range of meteorological disciplines. This review will be restricted to those studies that have a direct bearing on atmospheric radiative fluxes and the effects of perturbations in these fluxes.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/86

Date:	1/20/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Hartmann, D.L., D. Doelling
Title:	On the net radiative effectiveness in clouds.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 96, D1, 869-891
Abstract:	The net effect of cloud on the energy balance at the top of the atmosphere is investigated using data from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/87

Date:
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:
Title:
Publication:
Abstract:
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	8/88

Date:	2/1/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Schneider, T.L., G.L. Stephens
Title:	Backscattering by nonspherical ice particles at millimeter wavelengths: A theoretical study.
Publication:	Colorado State University, Atmos. Sci. Dept. Paper No. 546
Abstract:	The role of ice clouds in the hydrological cycle is uncertain. As a direct consequence, we do not fully understand the role of ice clouds in the atmospheric energy balance.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/89

Date:	01/01/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Jonas, P.R.
Title:	On the reflectance of cellular cloud layers.
Publication:	Q.J.R. Meteor. Soc., 120, 221-229
Abstract:	A Monte Carlo model is used to investigate the effects of the reflectance of low cloud layers of organized cellular structure, which is often observed in such layers.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/90

Date:	1/1/1975
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Korb, G.J., R.M. Welch, W.G. Zdunkowski
Title:	An approximative method for the determination of infrared radiative fluxes in scattering and absorbing media.
Publication:	Beitrage zur Physik der Atmosphare, 48, 85-94
Abstract:	As in the case of solar radiaton, the radiative transfer equation is solved analytically by subjecting the radiative intensities to series expansions and integral operations.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/91

Date:	10/1/1974
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	McKee, T.B., S.K. Cox
Title:	Scattering of visible radiation by finite clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1885-1892
Abstract:	A theoretical model of the scattering of shortwave radiation is applied to clouds finite in horizontal extent.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/92

Date:	1/15/1993
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Shi, Y., W.M. McClain
Title:	Closed-form Mueller scattering matrix for a random ensemble of long, thin cylinders.
Publication:	J. Chem. Phys., 98, 1695-1711
Abstract:	We present a closed-form solution to the problem of elastic light scattering by a randomly oriented ensemble of cylinders of finite length.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/93

Date:	11/20/1992
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Pontikis, C., E. Hicka
Title:	Contribution to the cloud droplet effective radius parameterization
Publication:	Geo. Res. Letters, 19, 22, 2227-2230
Abstract:	An analytic cloud droplet effective radius expression is derived and validated by using field experiment microphysical data.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/94

Date:	5/1/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Qiming, C., Y. Ping
Title:	Scattering phase matrices of ice crystals with hexagonal prism and triangular pyramid form--A vector ray tracing method.
Publication:	ACTA Met. Sin., 5, 515-526
Abstract:	The work presented previously by the authors has been extended in this paper.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/95

Date:	1/29/1989
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Randall, D.A.
Title:	The effects of atmospheric cloud radiative forcing on climate.
Publication:	Syposium on the Role of Clouds in Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Climate, Jan. 29-Feb. 3, 1989, Anaheim, CA.
Abstract:	Cloud radiative forcing may be defined as the difference between the radiative flux (at the top of the atmosphere, say) which actually occurs in the presence of clouds, and that which would occur if the cloud were removed but the atmospheric state were otherwise unchanged.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/96

Date:	1/1/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Sun, Z., K.P. Shine
Title:	Studies of the radiative properties of ice and mixed-phase clouds.
Publication:	Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 120, 111-137
Abstract:	Radiative parameterizations for both ice and water clouds are developed in terms of liquid/ice water content, based on Mie scattering theory.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/97

Date:	1/1/1971
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Ripley, E.A., B. Saugier
Title:	Photometeors at Saskatoon on 3 Dec. 1970.
Publication:	Weather, 26, 150-157
Abstract:	Optical phenomena resulting from refraction and reflection of sunlight from atmospheric ice crystals are not uncommon on the Canadian prairies.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/98

Date:	2/1/1991
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Rockel, B., E. Raschke, B. Weyres
Title:	A parameterization of broad band radiative transfer properties of water, ice, and mixed clouds.
Publication:	Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 64, 1, 1-12
Abstract:	Improvements of a broad band radiative transfer scheme are presented.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/99

Date:	9/22/1988
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Roeckner, E.
Title:	Negative or positive cloud optical depth feedback?
Publication:	Nature (Sci. Correspondence), 335, 303-304
Abstract:	No abstract.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/100

Date:	6/15/1988
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	Radiative transfer through arbitrarily shaped optical media. Part II: Group theory and simple closures.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1837-1848
Abstract:	This paper presents a formulation of the radiative transfer equation which allows for the distinction between various groups of spatial scales of variation that comprise the radiance field.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/101

Date:	1/1/1990
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L., S.-C. Tsay
Title:	On the cloud absorption anomaly.
Publication:	Q.J.R. Met. Soc., 116, 671-704
Abstract:	This paper provides an overview of the subject of absorption of solar radiation by water clouds in the earth's atmosphere.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/102

Date:	12/1/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Tsay, S.-C., K. Jayaweera, K. Stamnes
Title:	Dependence of radiative properties of arctic stratus cloud on cloud microstructure
Publication:	Geo. Res. Letters, 10, 12, 1188-1191
Abstract:	Observations of cloud microstructure during the Beaufort Sea Arctic Stratus Cloud Experiments of June 1980 showed that the drop size distributions typically are nonuniform changing from monomodal near the base to bimodal near the top of the cloud.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/103

Date:	1/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Newiger, M., K. Bahnke
Title:	Influence of cloud composition and cloud geometry on the absorption of solar radiation
Publication:	Cont. to Atmos. Phys., 54, 370-382
Abstract:	The matrix-operator theory, a radiative transfer model for planeparallel atmospheres, is employed to investigate an atmosphere with multicomponent model clouds containing aerosol particles and rain drops in addition to cloud droplets.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/104

Date:	1/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Morcrette, J.-J., L. Smith, Y. Fourquart
Title:	Pressure and temperature dependence of the absorption in longwave radiation parameterizations.
Publication:	Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 59, 455-469
Abstract:	Compared to narrow-band models of the longwave radiation transfer, wide-band models usually display systematic errors due to a deficient pressure and temperature dependence of the apsorption.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/105

Date:	3/1/1978
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	McKee, T.B., J.T. Klehr
Title:	Effects of cloud shape on scattered solar radiation
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 399-404
Abstract:	Calculations are presented which compare the effects on directional reflectance and relative radiance of changes in microphysical structure and geometric shape for scattered solar radiation in terrestrial water clouds.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/106

Date:	1/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Manton, M.J.
Title:	Computations of the effect of cloud properties on solar radiation
Publication:	J. Rech. Atmos., 14, 1-16
Abstract:	The reflectance, transmittance and absorptance of solar radiation are computed for clouds in the troposphere.
Location:	8 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/107

Date:	7/1/1979
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Liou, K.-N., G.D. Wittman
Title:	Parameterization of the radiative properties of clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 1261-1273
Abstract:	Reflection, transmission and absorption of solar radiation by four cloud types are computed as functions of the solar zenith angle and cloud liquid water/ice content.
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Record ID:	8/108

Date:	11/1/975
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Liou, K.-N., T. Sasamori
Title:	On the transfer of solar radiation in aerosol atmospheres
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 2166-2177
Abstract:	A radiation scheme has been developed by which the absorption of water vapor in the near-infrared regions of the solar spectrum can be inserted into the transfer program for inhomogeneous aerosol atmospheres.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/109

Date:	10/1/1979
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Liou, K.-N., S.-C. Ou
Title:	Infrared radiative transfer in finite cloud layers.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 1985-1996
Abstract:	Analytic solutions to the three-dimensional infrared radiative transfer equation for an anisotropic and isothermal scattering cloud layer are derived by utilizing the four-term truncated spherical harmonics expansion for the scattering phase function and intensity.
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Record ID:	8/110

Date:	1/1/1975
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Poellot, M.R., S.K. Cox
Title:	Computer simulation of irradiance measurements from aircraft.
Publication:	CSU Atmos. Sci. Paper No. 233
Abstract:	A computer simulation has been developed to optimize the use of the aircraft platform for the measurement of short wave irradiances.
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Record ID:	8/111

Date:	4/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Kawa, S.R.
Title:	Ozone deposition, scalar budgets and radiative heating over Texas coastal forest and ocean.
Publication:	CSU Atmos. Sci. Paper No. 398
Abstract:	This study reports the results from analysis of data obtained during a field experiment conducted near Houston, Texas, in June of 1982.
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Record ID:	8/112

Date:	7/1/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Minnis, P., E.F. Harrison
Title:	Diurnal variability of regional cloud and clear-sky radiative parameters derived from GOES data. Part I: Analysis method.
Publication:	J. Clim. and Appl. Met., 23, 993-1011
Abstract:	A hybrid bispectral threshold method is developed for hourly regional cloud and radiative parameters from geostationary satellite visible and infrared radiance data.
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Record ID:	8/113

Date:	7/1/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Minnis, P., E.F. Harrison
Title:	Diurnal variability of regional cloud and clear-sky radiative paramters derived from GOES data. Part II: November 1978 Cloud distributions.
Publication:	J. Clim. and Appl. Met., 23, 1012-1031
Abstract:	Regional dirunal cloud variability is examined using mean hourly cloud amounts derived from Nov. 1978 GOES-East visible and infrared data with a hybrid bispectral threshold technique.
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Record ID:	8/114

Date:	7/1/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Minnis, P., E.F. Harrison
Title:	Diurnal variability of regional cloud and clear-sky radiative parameters derived from GOES data. Part III: November 1987 Radiative Parameters
Publication:	J. Clim. and Appl. Met., 23, 1032-1051
Abstract:	The diurnal variability of the radiation emitted and reflected from the earth-atmosphere is investigated at the regional scale using Nov. 1978 GOES-East visible and infrared data and GOES-derived cloud information.
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Record ID:	8/115

Date:	10/1/1973
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Liou, K.-N.
Title:	A numerical experiment on Chandrasekhar's discrete-ordinate method for radiative transfer: Applications to cloudy and hazy atmospheres.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 1303-1326
Abstract:	The discrete-ordinate method for radiative transfer introduced originally by Chandrasekhar has been theoreticaly developed and numerically verified for use in solving the transfer of both solar and thermal infrared radiation through cloudy and hazy atmospheres.
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Record ID:	8/116

Date:	1/1/1974
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Lacis, A.A., J.E. Hansen
Title:	A parameterization for the absorption of solar radiation in the Earth's atmosphere.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 118-133
Abstract:	A method is described for rapidly computing the amount of solar energy absorbed at the earth's surface and in the atmosphere as a function of altitude.
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Record ID:	8/117

Date:	12/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Kobayashi, T.
Title:	Determination of effective absorption property of atmospheric aerosols and validity of that value in calculating the flux divergence. Part II: Application.
Publication:	J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 64, 979-986
Abstract:	Effective absorption properties of atmospheric aerosols were estimated from five aircraft measurements of reflectance using a method described in our previous paper.
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Record ID:	8/118

Date:	12/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Kobayashi, T.
Title:	Determination of effective absorption property of atmospheric aerosols and validity of the value in calculating the flux divergence.
Publication:	J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 64, 967-977
Abstract:	A method of estimating the effective absorption property of atmospheric aerosols is proposed.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/119

Date:	4/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Saito, T.
Title:	The relationship between the increase rate of downward long-wave radiation by atmospheric pollution and the visibility.
Publication:	J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 59, 254-261
Abstract:	The downward radiation from the pollutants is extremely small compared with those from the water vapor and the carbon dioxide, and so it is quite difficult to estimate the effect of the pollutants on the downward long-wave radiation in a city measured by the ordinary radiometer.
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Record ID:	8/120

Date:	1/1/1969
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Kasten, F.
Title:	Visibility forecast in the phase of pre-condensation
Publication:	Tellus, XXI, 5, 631-635
Abstract:	The effect on visibility of the swelling of aerosol particles due to increasing humidity is studied.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/121

Date:	8/1/1976
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Herman, G., R. Goody
Title:	Formation and persistence of summertime arctic stratus clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1537-1553
Abstract:	We have developed a numerical model which can explain the principle observed properties of the summertime stratus clouds occurring over the Arctic Basin.
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Record ID:	8/122

Date:	2/15/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Hegg, D.A.
Title:	Comments on
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 399-400
Abstract:	No abstract.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/123

Date:	5/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Wetzel, M., Vonde Haar, T.H.
Title:	The Impact of Stratocumulus Microphysical Variations on Near-Infrared Radiance.
Publication:	6th Conf. on Atmospheric Radiation, May 12-16, 1986, Williamsburg, VA.
Abstract:	The marine boundary layer seasonally plays host to large expanses of stratiform cloud.
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Record ID:	8/124

Date:	1/1/1975
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Unsworth, M.H.
Title:	Long-wave radiation at the ground.
Publication:	Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 101, 25-34
Abstract:	At the earth's surface, long-wave radiation received from the atmosphere in the absence of cloud may be expressed as the sum of the flux density from an isotropic source and the flux density due to anisotropy of atmospheric radiation.
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Record ID:	8/125

Date:	8/1/1979
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L., P.J. Webster
Title:	Sensitivity of radiative forcing to variable cloud and moisture.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 1542-1556
Abstract:	The influence of cloud and moisture distribution on the radiative forcing of the atmosphere is investigated.
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Record ID:	8/126

Date:	11/1/1978
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L., G.W. Paltridge, C.M.R. Platt
Title:	Radiation profiles in extended water clouds: III: Observations.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2133-2141
Abstract:	Six case studies of
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Record ID:	8/127

Date:	1/1/1974
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Hansen, J.E., L.D. Travis
Title:	Light scattering in planetary atmospheres.
Publication:	Space Sci. Rev., 16, 527-610
Abstract:	This paper reviews scattering theory required for analysis of light reflected by planetary atmospheres.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/128

Date:	10/20/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L., G.G. Campbell, T.H. Vonder Haar
Title:	Earth Radiation Budgets
Publication:	J. Geo Res., 86, 9739-9760
Abstract:	This paper presents the annual and seasonal averaged earth atmosphere radiation budgets derived from the most complete set of satellite observations available in late 1979.
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Record ID:	8/129

Date:	2/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	Radiative properties of cirrus clouds in the infrared region.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2, 435-446
Abstract:	A multiple-scattering radiative transfer model is employed to evaluate the 11 um and the broad-band infrared fluxes, cooling rates and emittances in model cirrus clouds for a number of standard vertical atmospheric profiles of temperature and moisture.
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Record ID:	8/130

Date:	11/1/1978
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	Radiation profiles in extended water clouds. II: Parameterization schemes.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2123-2132
Abstract:	The shortwave absorption, albedo and longwave emissivity of water clouds are parameterized for use in operational and climatic models of the atmosphere.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/131

Date:	11/1/1978
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	Radiation profiles in extended water clouds. I: Theory
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2111-2122
Abstract:	A detailed multiple-scattering model has been employed to investigate the sensitivity of radiation profiles and flux divergences to changes in macrostructure and microstructure of basic water cloud types.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/132

Date:	2/1/1979
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Geleyn, J.F., A. Hollingworth
Title:	An economical analytic method for the computation of the interaction between scattering and line absorption of radiation.
Publication:	Cont. to Atmos. Phys., 52, 1-15
Abstract:	We propose a method for short wave and long wave radiative calculations in a cloudy atmosphere taking account of grey absorption and scattering as well as line-type absorption by gases.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/133

Date:	2/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Fouquart, Y., B. Bonnel
Title:	Computations of solar heating of the earth's atmosphere: A new parameterization.
Publication:	Cont. to Atmos. Phys., 53, 35-62
Abstract:	This paper presents a solar radiation subroutine in use in the GCM of the Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique de Paris.
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Record ID:	8/134

Date:	1/1/1972
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Evans, W.F.J., R.A.R. Tricker
Title:	Unusual arcs in the Saskatoon halo display.
Publication:	Weather, 27, 234-241
Abstract:	The spectacular halo display at Saskatoon on 3 Dec. 1970 has been reported and discussed by Ripley and Saugier (1971).
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/135

Date:	10/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Edson, R.T.
Title:	Parameterization of net radiation at the surface using data from the Wangara Experiment.
Publication:	Colorado State University, Environmental Research Papers, No. 26.
Abstract:	Hourly Wangara boundary layer data is used to to substantiate previously derived empirical equations of the surface radiation budget.
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Record ID:	8/136

Date:	1/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Deardorff, J.W.
Title:	On the distribution of mean radiative cooling at the top of a stratocumulus-capped mixed layer.
Publication:	Q.J. Royal Met. Soc., 107, 191-202
Abstract:	The fraction, r, of the net in-cloud radiative flux difference existing within the mean capping inversion of a stratocumulus-topped mixing layer is calculated, assuming an exponential diminution of radiative flux below local cloud-top height.
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Record ID:	8/137

Date:	8/1/1974
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Berry, E.X.
Title:	Comments on
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 13, 603-604
Abstract:	No abstract.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/138

Date:	2/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Ackerman, S.A., S.K. Cox
Title:	GATE Phase III mean synoptic-scale radiative convergence profiles.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 371-383
Abstract:	Tropospheric radiative convergence profiles are derived for an easterly wave composite during Phase III of GATE.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/139

Date:	11/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Harshvardhan, J.A. Weinman, R. Davies
Title:	Transport of infrared radiation in cuboidal clouds
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2500-2513
Abstract:	The transport of infrared radiation in a single cuboidal cloud has been modeled using a variable asimuth two-stream (VATS) approximation.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/140

Date:	10/27/1996
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Chylek, P., G.B. Lesins, G. Videen, J.G.D. Wong, R.G. Pinnick, D. Ngo, J.D. Klett
Title:	Black carbon and absorption of solar radiation by clouds.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 101, D18, 23365-23371
Abstract:	The exact solution of the scattered electromagnetic field from a water droplet containing an arbitrarily located spherical black carbon particle in used to investigate the effect of black carbon on the absorption of solar radiation by clouds.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/141

Date:	4/1/1982
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Ellingson, R.G.
Title:	On the effects of cumulus dimensions on longwave irradiance and heating rate calculations
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 886-896
Abstract:	A model of a cumulus cloud field, parameterized as right circular cylinders, has been used to estimate the uncertainties in longwave radiation calculations of irradiances and heating rates caused by neglecting the dimensions of the clouds.
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Record ID:	8/142

Date:	2/1/1982
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Harshvardhan, J.A. Weinman
Title:	Infrared radiative transfer through a regular array of cuboidal clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 431-439
Abstract:	A study has been made of infrared radiative transfer through a regular array of cuboidal clouds which considers the interaction of the sides of the clouds with each other and the ground.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/143

Date:	12/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Liou, K,-N., S.-C. S. Ou
Title:	Parameterization of infrared radiative transfer in cloudy atmospheres.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2707-2716
Abstract:	Parameterization of the transfer of infrared fluxes is developed for an atmosphere containing nonblack and semi-transparent clouds.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/144

Date:	2/15/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	O'Brien, D.M.
Title:	Estimates for infrared transfer in finite clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 378-387
Abstract:	Upper and lower bounds are computed for the infrared radiance within a cloud of finite size.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/145

Date:	7/1/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	The influence of radiative transfer on the mass and heat budgets of ice crystals falling in the atmosphere.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1729-1739
Abstract:	A theoretical study was carried out to investigate the effect of radiative heating and cooling on the mass and heat budgets of an ice crystal.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/146

Date:	2/15/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Wiscombe, W., R. Welch
Title:	Reply
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 401-407
Abstract:	Professor Hegg has pointed out that Wiscombe et al. (1984) were too conservative in their choice of effective droplet radius.
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Record ID:	8/147

Date:	5/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Abel, M.D., S.K. Cox
Title:	A climate index derived from satellite measured spectral infrared radiation.
Publication:	CSU, Atmospheric Science Dept., Paper No. 335
Abstract:	This paper introduces a climate index based on radiative transfer theory and derived from the spectral radiances typically used to retrieve temperature profiles.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/148

Date:	1/1/1966
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Vowinckel, E., S. Orvig
Title:	Climate change over the Polar ocean. I: The radiation budget.
Publication:	U.S. Army Material Command, Arctic Meteorology Research Group, Dept. of Meteorology, McGill University, Montreal. Technical Report 66-8-ES
Abstract:	Climate change results from changes in the terms of the energy equation.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/149

Date:	9/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	Radiative transfer on a linear lattice: Application to anisotropic ice crystal clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2095-2104
Abstract:	The problem of radiative transfer in a horizontally infinite cloud layer possessing anisotropy with respect to volume extinction and other single-scattering properties was solved using the method of discrete space theory.
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/150

Date:	8/1/1982
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Harshvardhan
Title:	The effect of brokenness on cloud-climate sensitivity
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1853-1881
Abstract:	A study has been made of the effect of brokenness on the infrared and albedo feedback of clouds in climate models using a simplified treatment of broken cloudiness.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/151

Date:	1/1/1971
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Yamamoto, G., M. Tanaka, S. Asano
Title:	Radiative heat transfer in water clouds by infrared radiation.
Publication:	J. Quart. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans., 11, 697-708
Abstract:	Radiative heat transfer in water clouds is studied by the method of discrete ordinates, taking into account not only scattering, absorption and emission by cloud droplets but also ...
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/152

Date:	3/1/1970
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Yamamoto, G., M. Tanaka, S. Asano
Title:	Radiative transfer in water clouds in the infrared region.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 282-292
Abstract:	The problem of diffuse reflection, transmission and emission of infrared radiation by water clouds is investigated in the wavelength region from 5-50 u.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/153

Date:	4/15/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Wiscombe, W.J., R.M. Welch, W.D. Hall
Title:	The effects of very large drops on cloud absorption. Part I: Parcel models.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1336-1355
Abstract:	In an effort to bring more realism to cloud-radiation calculations, a rising-parcel model of cloud microphysics and a 191 waveband model of atmospheric radiation have been brought to bear on the problem of cloud absorption of solar radiation...
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Record ID:	8/154

Date:	7/1/1977
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Wiskanta, R., R.W. Bergstrom, R.O. Johnson
Title:	Radiative transfer in a polluted urban planetary boundary layer.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1091-1103
Abstract:	Radiative transfer in a polluted urban atmosphere has been studied using a dynamic model.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/155

Date:	4/1/1987
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Vel'tishchev, N.N., A.S. Ginzburg
Title:	Few-level radiative-convective model of the atmosphere.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 23, 255-261
Abstract:	A new type of radiative-convective model of the atmosphere and its possible application to the study of the climatic effects of trace gaseous components of the atmosphere and the effect of different types of aerosols on the climate system are studied.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/156

Date:	8/24/1972
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	McClatchey, R.A., R.W. Fenn, J.E.A. Selby, F.E. Volz, J.S. Garing
Title:	Optical properties of the atmosphere. Third Edition.
Publication:	Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, Env. Res. Papers No. 411
Abstract:	A series of tables and charts is presented from which the atmospheric transmittance between any two points in the terrestrial atmosphere can be determined.
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Record ID:	8/157

Date:	12/1/1976
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Joseph, J.H., W.J. Wiscombe
Title:	The Delta-Eddington approximation for radiative flux transfer.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 2452-2459
Abstract:	This paper presents a rapid yet accurate method, the delta-Eddington approximation, for calculating monochromatic radiative fluxes in an absorbing-scattering atmosphere.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/158

Date:	8/1/1979
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Fraser, A.B.
Title:	What size of ice crystals causes the halos?
Publication:	J. Opt. Soc. Am., 69, 1112-1118
Abstract:	It is shown that, contrary to classical theory, the circular halos need not be caused by randomly oriented crystals.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/159

Date:	9/1/1971
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Drummond, A.J., J.R. Hickey
Title:	Large-scale reflection and absorption of solar radiation by clouds as influencing earth radiative budgets: New aircraft measurements.
Publication:	Proceedings, Int. Conf. on Wx Mod. Sept. 6-11, 1971, Canberra, Australia, pp. 267-276.
Abstract:	The extent to which the incident solar short-wave radiation, on penetrating the terrestrial atmosphere, is reflected outwards and absorbed inwards.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/160

Date:	9/20/1988
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Flatau, P.J., G.L. Stephens
Title:	On the fundamental solution of the radiative transfer equation.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 93, D9, 11037-11050
Abstract:	This paper outlines the general solution of the one-dimensional, azimuthally averaged radiative transfer equation in terms of a matrix exponential.
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Record ID:	8/161

Date:	10/1/1985
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Davis, J.M., T.B. McKee, S.K. Cox
Title:	Application of the Monte Carlo method to problems in visibility using a local estimate: an investigation.
Publication:	Appl. Optics, 24, 3193-3205
Abstract:	A local estimate is developed to apply the Monte Carlo radiative transfer model to problems in visibility.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/162

Date:	11/1/1982
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Davis, J.M., S.K. Cox
Title:	Reflected solar radiances from regional scale scenes.
Publication:	Appl. Met., 21, 1698-1712
Abstract:	A set of bi-directional reflectance models is presented for various atmospheric scene types.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/163

Date:	1/1/1987
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Blanchet, J.-P., R. List
Title:	On radiative effects of anthropogenic aerosol components in Arctic haze and snow.
Publication:	Tellus, 39B, 293-317
Abstract:	The Arctic aerosol is strongly enriched by anthropogenic pollution which may cause significant modification of the Arctic climate.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/164

Date:	6/1/1978
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Cox, S.K., K.T. Griffith
Title:	Tropospheric radiative divergence during phase III of the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE).
Publication:	Colo. State University, Dept. of Atmospheric Science Paper No. 291.
Abstract:	The methods used to construct the GATE Phase III radiative divergence budgets have been described.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/165

Date:	5/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S., K.J. Seton
Title:	Inferences of gross microphysical properties of clouds from spectral reflectance measurements.
Publication:	J. Atmos. sci., 37, 1065-1069
Abstract:	Spectral reflectances have been calculated by accepted methods for water cloud layers having various microphysical properties.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/166

Date:	1/1/1967
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S., H. Jacobowitz, H.B. Howell
Title:	Light scattering by cloud layers.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 70-79
Abstract:	Results of calculations of diffuse reflection and transmission of cloud-model layers are presented.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/167

Date:	9/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S., C.F. Bohren
Title:	Simple approximations for calculations of absorption in clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2086-2094
Abstract:	Scaling principles can be used to transform problems of radiative transfer in media that scatter anisotropically to equivalent isotropic problems with exact solutions.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/168

Date:	1/1/1974
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	Pollution and the planetary albedo.
Publication:	Atmos. Env., 8, 1251-1256
Abstract:	Addition of cloud nuclei by pollution can lead to an increase in the solar radiation reflected by clouds.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/169

Date:	6/1/1976
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	Computations of the absorption of solar radiation by clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1087-1091
Abstract:	Using published data for water vapor absorption and for absorption by liquid (or ice) water, the absorption of solar radiation by clouds was computed for several representative cloud models.
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Record ID:	8/170

Date:	5/1/1970
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	On the possible absorption of visible light by clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 514-515
Abstract:	Danielson et al. have compared theoretical and experimental data on shortwave cloud albedos and have suggested that absorption by the cloud nuclei is responsible for the tendency of measured albedos to be lower than those based on theoretical predictions for a non-absorbing atmosphere.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/171

Date:	9/1/1985
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Titov, G.A.
Title:	Radiation transport in the broken-cloud model based on the Poisson point flux.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 21, 724-730
Abstract:	Formulas are obtained for the moments of the optical parameters in a statistically homogeneous and nonisotropic cloud field, modeled on the basis of the Poisson point flux.
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Record ID:	8/172

Date:	2/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Takeuchi, Y.
Title:	Effects of cloud shape on the light scattering.
Publication:	J. Met. Soc. of Japan, 64, 95-107
Abstract:	A superimposed sinusoidal model is proposed to investigate the effects of cloud dimension and geometrical fine structure on the light scattering of cumulus clouds in the visible region.
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Record ID:	8/173

Date:	1/1/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	Radiative transfer in spatially heterogeneous, two-dimensional, anisotropically scattering media.
Publication:	J. Quart. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 36, 51-67
Abstract:	A method is presented for solving the radiative transfer equation for a general anisotropically scatering and emitting medium exposed to arbitrary boundary radiation conditions.
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Record ID:	8/174

Date:	4/1/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	Review: The parameterization of radiation for numerical weather prediction and climate models.
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 826-867
Abstract:	This paper presents a review of the various methods used to compute both the fluxes and the rate of heating and/or cooling due to atmospheric radiation for use in numerical models of atmospheric circulation.
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Record ID:	8/175

Date:	3/15/1984
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L.
Title:	Scattering of plane waves by soft obstacles: Anomalous diffraction theory for circular cylinders.
Publication:	Applied Optics, 23, 954-959
Abstract:	An anomolous diffraction theory is presented to describe the scattering of plane wavs by circular cylinders for the general case of oblique incidence and for both real and complex values of particle refractive inded in terms of a single Bessel-like function.
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Record ID:	8/176

Date:	10/1/1985
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Rogovtsov, N.N.
Title:	On a calculation of the characteristics of radiation fields in scattering objects of complicated shapes on the basis of general invariance relations.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 21, 10, 846-847
Abstract:	No abstract.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/177

Date:	4/1/1980
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Pollack, J.B., J.N. Cuzzi
Title:	Scattering by nonspherical particles of size comparable to a wavelength: A new semi-empirical theory and its application to tropospheric aerosols.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 868-881
Abstract:	We propose an approximate method for evaluating the interaction of randomly oriented, nonspherical particles with the total intensity component of electromagnetic radiation.
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Record ID:	8/178

Date:	4/1/1971
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Plass, G.N., G.W. Kattawar
Title:	Radiative transfer in water and ice clouds in the visible and infrared region.
Publication:	Appl. Optics, 10, 4, 738-748
Abstract:	The radiance and polarization are calculated at six wavelengths from 0.7 u to 6.05 u for the photons reflected from and transmitted through two model clouds representing water and ice clouds with modal radii of 12 u and 50 u respectively.
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Record ID:	8/179

Date:	1/1/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Petrushin, A.G.
Title:	Extinction and scattering of infrared radiation by polydisperse systems of ice plates and cylinders.
Publication:	Izvestiya, Atmos. and Ocean. Phys., 19, 3, 197-201
Abstract:	The values of the extinction, scattering and absorption efficiency factors and the single-scattering albedo have been obtained for systems of polydisperse ice plates and cylinders.
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Record ID:	8/180

Date:	2/15/1998
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stephens, G.L., S. Ackerman, E.A. Smith
Title:	A shortwave parameterization revised to improve cloud absorption.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 687-690
Abstract:	We present a modification to the parameterization scheme of Stephens which improves on the estimation of shortwave absorption by cloud. In particular, the variation of cloud absorption with solar elevation angle is improved with the modified scheme.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/181

Date:	4/1/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	McKee, T.B., M. DeMaria, J.A. Kuenning, S.K. Cox
Title:	Comparisons of Monte Carlo calculations with observations of light scattering in finite clouds.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1016-1023
Abstract:	Two experimental data sets have been compared with calculations of solar radiation scattered by finite cumulus clouds.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/182

Date:	5/1/1983
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Davis, J.M., S.K. Cox, T.B. McKee
Title:	Design and verification of a cloud field optical simulator.
Publication:	J. Appl. Met., 22, 947-958
Abstract:	A concept and an apparatus designed to investigate the reflected and transmitted distributions of light from optically thick clouds is presented.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/183

Date:	7/1/1995
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Parungo, F., Y. Kim, C.-J. Zhu, J. Harris, R. Schnell, X.-S. Li, D.-Z. Yang, X.-M. Fang, M.-Y. Zhou, Z. Chen, K. Park
Title:	Asian dustorms and their effects on radiation and climate. Part I.
Publication:	STC Technical Report 2906, Prepared for NOAA Air Resources Lab.
Abstract:	Since 1992 a team of scientists from the Unites States, China, and Korea have cooperated to investigate Asian dust transport and its impacts on the environment.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/184

Date:	3/1/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Parungo, F., R. Schnell, A. Yoshinaga, L. Pajo, Y. Kim, C.-J. Zhu, J. Harris, B. Bodhaine, X.-S. Li, D.-Z. Yang, X.-M. Fang, Z.-S. He, P. Yan, X. Yu, M.-Y. Zhou, Z. Chen, F.-L. Qian, K. Park, J.-C. Nam, Y.-N. Iwasaka, S. Kwon
Title:	Asian dustorms and their effects on radiation and climate. Part IV.
Publication:	STC Technical Report 3134, Prepared for NOAA Air Resources Lab.
Abstract:	This report is the fourth and the last in the series documenting the results of an investigation of Asian dustorms.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/185

Date:	4/1/1994
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Nemesure, S., R.D. Cess, E.G. Dutton, J.J. DeLuisi, Z. Li, H.G. Leighton
Title:	Impact of clouds on the shortwave radiation budget of the surface -- Atmosphere system for snow-covered surfaces.
Publication:	J. Climate, 7, 579-585
Abstract:	Recent data from the Earth Radiation Budget experiment have raised the question as to whether or not the addition of clouds to the atmopsheric column can decrease the top-of-the-atmosphere albedo over bright snow-covered surfaces.
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Record ID:	8/186

Date:	12/1/1978
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Twomey, S.
Title:	Comments on
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2389-2390
Abstract:	No abstract. Text: The paper in question discussed effects of finite lateral width on the optical properties of clouds.
Location:	4 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/187

Date:	1/1/1936
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Whipple, F.J.W., P.J. Scrase
Title:	Poiont discharge in the electric field of the earth.
Publication:	Geophysical Memoirs, 68, 3-20
Abstract:	The discharge of electricity from a pointed conductor placed in a strong field is a well-known phenomenon and it has been the subject of numerous laboratory investigations.
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Record ID:	8/188

Date:	12/1/1961
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Stout, G.E., W.E. Bradley
Title:	Evaluation of electric charges induced in the atmosphere.
Publication:	Final Report, NSF G-11970, Illinois State Water Survey Meteorology Lab.
Abstract:	An exeriment was conducted to investigate the role played by space charge in the electrification of clouds.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/189

Date:	1/1/1979
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Standler, R.B., W.P. Winn
Title:	Effects of coronae on electric fields beneath thunderstorms
Publication:	Q.J. Royal Met. Soc., 105, 443, 285-302
Abstract:	Intense electric fields beneath thunderstorms produce electrical discharges at the tips of trees, bushes and other sharp objects attached to the surface of the earth.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/190

Date:	10/20/78
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Saunders, C.P.R.
Title:	Electrification experiments on Elk Mountain
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 83, 5050-5056
Abstract:	During the winter of 1976, along with the continuing studies of ice crystals in the cap cloud on Elk Mountain, measurements were made of ice crystal charges and the atmospheric electric field strength.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/191

Date:	9/1/1981
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Rust, W.D., R.T. Arnold
Title:	Research on electrical properties of severe thunderstorms in the Great Plains
Publication:	Bull. A.M.S., 62, 9, 1286-1293
Abstract:	In 1978 we began a coordinated effort to study the electrical behavior of large and severe thunderstorms that form over the Great Plains of the central United States.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/192

Date:	7/20/1973
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Pringle, J.E., H.D. Orville, T.D. Stechmann
Title:	Numerical simulation of atmospheric electricity effects in a cloud model.
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 78, 4508-4514
Abstract:	Results from a numerical model of cloud initiation, growth, and electrification are presented.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/193

Date:	1/1/1965
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Reiter, R., W. Carnuth
Title:	An atmospheric-electric feed-back process as a possible contribution to thunderstorm activity.
Publication:	J. Atmos. and Terr. Phys., 27, 673-705
Abstract:	An atmospheric electric feed-back process is suggested for discussion.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/194

Date:	1/1/1978
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Pringle, J.E.
Title:	Atmospheric electricity in a numerical cloud model.
Publication:	M.S. Thesis, Electrical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD
Abstract:	A numerical model of cloud initiation and growth with atmospheric electrical properties and effects is presented.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/195

Date:	7/1/1979
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Orville, R.E., D.W. Spencer
Title:	Global lightning flash frequency
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 934-943
Abstract:	Lightning flashes recorded in photographs by two satellites in the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program are used to calculate flash frequencies for land and ocean regions in 10 degree latitude belts ...
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/196

Date:	6/26/1965
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Latham, J., R.E. Mystrom, J.D. Sartor
Title:	Charge transfer between model ice crystals separated in an electric field.
Publication:	Nature, 206, 4991, 1344-1345
Abstract:	Davis has demonstrated theoretically that, in general, the electric field between adjacent surfaces of two conducting spheres is greater than the external field in which the spheres are situated.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/197

Date:	12/1/1963
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Handman, A.L., L.G. Davis
Title:	Surface electric field measurements associated with 3 CM radar echoes in the vertical
Publication:	Penn. State Univ., Coll. of Mineral Industries, Report #3, Dept. of Meteorology
Abstract:	The use of M-33 Radar Systems has been described in previous reports with regard to the studies of shower echoes and the tracking of pilot balloons to obtain wind distributions with height.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/198

Date:	5/1/1954
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Gunn, R.
Title:	Electric field meters
Publication:	Rev. of Scientific Instruments, 25, 432-437
Abstract:	The fundamental principles of electric field measurement by the use of inductors and vacuum tube amplifiers are reviewed.
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Record ID:	8/199

Date:	6/15/1955
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Garber, D.H.
Title:	Study of the Earth's electric field.
Publication:	Report No. RA-764-P-15, Cornell Aeronautical Lab. Inc., Buffalo, NY
Abstract:	The object of this project was to correlate measurements of the earth's electric field and positive and negative atmospheric electrical conductivity with other meteorological parameters.
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Record ID:	8/200

Date:	6/20/1952
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Chapman, S.
Title:	Thundercloud electrification studes, II
Publication:	Cornell Aeronautical Lab., Inc., Buffalo, NY, Final Report No. VC-603-P-1
Abstract:	The objective of this project was to investigate certain mechanisms that may be effective in generation of electrical charge in thunderclouds, and to conduct some auxiliary experiments.
Location:	0 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/201

Date:	10/01/1986
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity (13) Cloud Electrification
Author:	Ziegler, C.L., P.S. Ray, D.R. MacGorman
Title:	Relations of kinematics, microphysics and electrification in an isolated mountain thunderstorm
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2098-2114
Abstract:	This paper addresses aspects of the airflow microphysics, and electrification in a mountian thunderstorm which occurred on 7 August 1979 over the Langmuir Laboratory near Socorro, NM, site of the
Location:	2 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/202

Date:	11/1/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Weaver, C.P., V. Ramanathan
Title:	Relationships between large-scale vertical velocity, static stability, and cloud radiative forcing over northern hemisphere extratropical oceans.
Publication:	J. of Climate, 10, 2871-2887.
Abstract:	This paper identifies dynamical and thermodynamical factors which govern the seasonal and interocean differences in cloud cover and CRF over the storm track regions of the northern extratropical Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/203

Date:	10/1/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Weaver, C.P., V. Ramanathan
Title:	Extratropical cloud systems and cloud radiative forcing.
Publication:	Submitted to Elsevier Preprint
Abstract:	Recent satellite observations have shown that extratropical oceanic clouds have the largest magnitude net CRF of any global cloud system.
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Record ID:	8/204

Date:	8/1/1996
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Weaver, C.P., V. Ramanathan
Title:	The link between summertime cloud radiative forcing and extratropical cyclones in the North Pacific.
Publication:	J. Climate, 9, 2093-2109
Abstract:	This paper examines the role of extratropical cyclones in determining the CRF over the North Pacific during summer.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/205

Date:	10/1/1997
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Flatau, M., P.J. Flatau, P. Phoebus, P.P. Niler
Title:	The feedback between equatorial convection and local radiative and evaporative processes: The implications for intraseasonal oscillations.
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2373-2386
Abstract:	Existing theories of the Madden-Julian oscillation neglect the feedback between the modification of sea surface temperature by the convection and development of a convective cluster itself.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/206

Date:	1/1/1989
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Feigelson, E.M.
Title:	An overview of cloud-radiation interaction studies in the U.S.S.R.
Publication:	Atmos. Res., 23, 243-257
Abstract:	On the base of Soviet works a review is made of the radiative properties of stratified and broken liquid water droplet clouds.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/207

Date:	1/1/1998
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Gabriel, P., J.Y. Harrington, G.L. Stephens, T.L. Schneider
Title:	Adjoint perturbation method applied to two-stream radiative transfer.
Publication:	J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 59, 1-24
Abstract:	This paper describes a computationally efficient method for solving the plan parallel equation of radiative transfer for the two-stream fluxes based on the adjoint perturbation formulation.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/208

Date:	11/20/1989
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Davies, R., A.R. Alves
Title:	Flux divergence of thermal radiation within stratiform clouds
Publication:	J. Geo. Res., 94, D13, 16277-16286
Abstract:	A longwave radiative transfer model based on the narrow-band transmission functions of Lowtran 6 has been developed to investigate the profile of radiative flux divergence at the tops of stratiform clouds.
Location:	3 Subscription required to view links to online journals
Record ID:	8/209

Date:	8/1/1998
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Lyons, W.A., M. Uliasz, T.E. Nelson
Title:	Large peak current cloud-to-ground lightning flashes during the summer months in the contiguous United States
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2217-2233
Abstract:	A clear association between large peak current cloud-to-ground lightning flashes of positive polarity and sprites and elves in the stratosphere and mesosphere has been previously demonstrated.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	8/210

Date:	06/01/1999
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Takahashi, T., T. Tajiri, Y. Sonoi
Title:	Charges on Graupel and snow crystals and the electrical structure of winter storms
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 1561-1578
Abstract:	None.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	8/211

Date:	07/01/2000
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Terry J. Schuur, S. A. Rutledge
Title:	Electrification of Stratiform Regions in Mesoscale Convective Systems. PartI: An Observational Comparison of Symmetric and Asymmetric MCSs
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1961-1982
Abstract:	The kinematic, microphysical, and electrical structures of two mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) observed during the 1991 Cooperative Oklahoma Profiler Studies (COPS91) experiment are analyzed.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	8/212

Date:	07/01/2000
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Terry J. Schuur, S. A. Rutledge
Title:	Electrification of Stratiform Regions in Mesoscale Convective Systems. PartII: Two-Dimensional Numerical Model Simulations of a Symmetric MCS
Publication:	J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1983-2006
Abstract:	Model simulations of a symmetric mesoscale convective system (MCS; observations discussed in PartI) were conducted using a 2D, time-dependent numerical model with bulk microphysics.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	8/213

Date:	8/1/2000
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Lawrence, C.D., S. Rutledge
Title:	The relationship between precipitation and lightning in tropical island convection: A C-band polarimetric radar study
Publication:	Mon. Wea. Rev. 128, 8, 2687-2710
Abstract:	One of the primary scientific objectives of the Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment was to study cloud electrification processes in tropical island convection, in particular, the coupling between ice phase precipitation and lightning production.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	8/214

Date:	9/9/2000
Subject:	(8) Atmospheric Electricity
Author:	Smith, S.B., J.G. LaDue, D.R. MacGorman,
Title:	The relationship between cloud-to-ground lightning polarity and surface equivalent potential temperature during three tornadic outbreaks
Publication:	MWR, 128, 3320-3328
Abstract:	The relationship between cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning polarity and surface equivalent potential temperature (0e) is examined for the 26 April 1991, Andover-Wichita, Kansas; the 13 March 1990, Hesston, Kansas; and the 28 August 1990, Plainfield, Illinois, tornadic storm events.
Location:	Citation Only, Full Text Not In Library
Record ID:	8/215

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